遥感器像移与图像参数的分析建模研究

卫星平台运动会产生恶化像质的像移,像移是影响遥感图像质量的重要因素.针对这种情况,建立了像移和图像参数的关系模型,可通过卫星生成图像的内在特征定量研究卫星成像过程中产生的像移,而不必通过产生像移的卫星平台等因素建立物理模型来研究像移.首先模拟了遥感器在轨成像过程,通过人工制造出影响因素的干扰获得了仿真图像数据,然后定量分析了像移与图像参数之间的相关性,选出了相关性较强且适合建模的图像参数,最后通过对这些图像参数构成的向量的降维得到了反映图像质量的综合参数,并建立了综合参数与像移的关系模型,以通过图像综合参数来计算像移.实验结果表明,这种模型能够很好地反映图像综合指标与像移之间的关系.该研究通过图像参数定量研究像移,为在轨运行卫星的遥感器像移与外景条件下的遥感图像要素的相关建模研究提供了部分技术支持.     

一种新的基于压缩传感理论解决Pan-Sharpening问题的算法

Pan-Sharpening问题是将高分辨率全色图像和低分辨率多光谱图像融合,重构出高分辨率多光谱图像的过程。压缩传感理论解决了相应目标函数的稀疏解问题(求解含有l0范数的极小化问题)。利用压缩传感理论,提出一种新的解决Pan-Sharpening问题的算法:以离散余弦变换矩阵作为字典进行重构。然后针对重构过程中产生的块效应、色彩偏差和洗涤效应等问题进行相应的处理。QuickBird卫星图像的实验结果表明:与经典算法进行对比,该算法在效果上有一定的优势。     

基于支持向量机的印刷机远程故障诊断监测平台设计

为实现高端印刷机网络化、信息化、智能化,提出一种基于支持向量机(SVM)的印刷机远程网络故障诊断监测平台。该系统采用Windows系统下的Apache、MySQL和PHP(WAMP)开源环境,能够方便地建立远程服务站点,实现B/S架构的网络系统,设计一个基于TCP/IP协议的数据传输接口,通过客户端将现场设备数据发送给站点服务器,并存入本地数据库,基于专家系统建立诊断知识库,通过支持向量机进行故障的分类诊断。该平台具有通用性,可根据对象不同更改数据库结构。实际运行情况表明,该系统运行稳定。     

一种梯度交替迭代设计测量矩阵的方法

在压缩采样中,测量矩阵应该和表达字典有尽可能小的相干性,随机测量矩阵一直被使用是因为其和任何表达字典都有较小的相干性。提出一种基于梯度迭代最小化方法,作为格拉斯曼框架设计的一种变体,通过优化一个初始的随机测量矩阵来得到相干性更小的测量矩阵。仿真结果表明所设计的测量矩阵具有更好的性能。     

一种压缩待测气体增强气体传感的方法

针对普通气体传感器在低体积分数的气体检测中灵敏度低的问题,提出将待测气体进行压缩以增强气体传感器响应的方法,根据检测压缩后的气体响应的特征,间接得到普通状态下该气体的体积分数。设计了一种小型的样机系统来进行气体压缩和气体传感器检测,描述了系统各个模块的设计,给出了该系统的软件设计和控制流程。以H2S气体为检测对象进行了实验,分析结果表明:该方法提高了现有传感器检测低体积分数气体的能力,尤其是提高了对毒害气体的及时发现和预警防范能力。样机的试制也为该压缩传感系统的进一步小型化和提升检测性能提供了条件,具有较高的应用价值。     

制袋机薄膜速度传感方法与定长控制

提出了实现薄膜张力传感的薄膜速度传感方法,设计了基于ARM处理器和嵌入式实时操作系统的薄膜定长伺服控制系统。采用巧妙的机械变换技术实现薄膜长度变化的传感,从而建立具有线性特性的薄膜速度传感数学模型。采用ARM7 TDMI核心处理器和μC/OS-II嵌入式实时操作系统平台,研发了薄膜定长伺服控制系统。核心技术成功应用到双列中封高速制袋机的控制系统中,运行速度达到24000 P/h,成品率超过99.6%。     

基于Zigbee和GPRS的多参数水质监测系统设计

针对传统水质监测存在的实时性差、覆盖范围窄、网络布局困难等问题,设计出一种基于Zigbee无线传感网络和GPRS技术的远程实时水质监测系统.文中重点阐述该系统的硬件设计和软件实现过程.该系统将水质传感器采集的各项参数传送给CC2530芯片后,经Zigbee网络发送给网络协调器,再通过GPRS无线通信模块SIM300传送到Internet或移动终端,最后用户可通过PC机或手机终端查看水质参数信息,实现了水质信息的远程实时监测.实验应用表明,该系统监测范围广、使用方便、快捷,具有较为广阔的应用前景.     

Target detection based on a dynamic subspace

For hyperspectral target detection, it is usually the case that only part of the targets pixels can be used as target signatures, so can we use them to construct the most proper background subspace for detecting all the probable targets? In this paper, a dynamic subspace detection (DSD) method which establishes a multiple detection framework is proposed. In each detection procedure, blocks of pixels are calculated by the random selection and the succeeding detection performance distribution analysis. Manifold analysis is further used to eliminate the probable anomalous pixels and purify the subspace datasets, and the remaining pixels construct the subspace for each detection procedure. The final detection results are then enhanced by the fusion of target occurrence frequencies in all the detection procedures. Experiments with both synthetic and real hyperspectral images (HSI) evaluate the validation of our proposed DSD method by using several different state-of-the-art methods as the basic detectors. With several other single detectors and multiple detection methods as comparable methods, improved receiver operating characteristic curves and better separability between targets and backgrounds by the DSD methods are illustrated. The DSD methods also perform well with the covariance-based detectors, showing their efficiency in selecting covariance information for detection.     

A perceptual evaluation of grating frequencies and velocities in the analysis of dynamic images

Dynamic images that possess beauty and are user-friendly can increase the use of digital technology. In addition to information conveyance, dynamic images also act as a communication bridge in the human–machine interface. Dynamic images are widely used in the application of digital media. Therefore, understanding the visual effects of dynamic images on viewers is a very important issue. From a visual communication design perspective, dynamic images influence not only image quality, but also the viewers’ perception and impression of the displayed image. In the contemporary age characterized by universal usage of dynamic images, designers should attain synchronized knowledge and understanding of relevant media technology so as to present preferred design quality in the management of digital design such as animation design, Web page design, multimedia design, and so on. The current study noted that psychological effects such as viewers’ visual attention, preferences, and understanding were more important than image quality. Therefore, this study adopted the viewpoint of “visual design” and conducted a perceptual evaluation of grating frequency and grating velocity. The pair-comparison method and scale method were adopted in the research methodology to simplify perceptual evaluations and enhance their validity. The purpose of this study was: (1) To propose recommendations for displaying dynamic images and improving image performance using perceptual evaluation methods. (2) To examine the influence of psychological factors on viewer’s comfort when they experience dynamic images. (3) To identify the best grating feature combinations that meet viewer’s psychological characteristics and propose recommendations for dynamic images design. The study concludes that it is useful to establish criteria for evaluating users’ perception and to, develop perceptual evaluations of dynamic images. It is recommended that designers find a balance between watching a moving imaging display “clearly” and watching it “comfortably” for successful reception by the viewer.     

数控技术在机械制造中的发展应用

随着计算机技术的快速发展,数控加工技术凭借精确和高效的优势,已经成为机械制造中的主流技术。主要分析了数控技术的发展现状和特点,并分析了数控技术在机械制造中的应用优势,以促进机械制造业的快速发展。