OsMre11 Is Required for Mitosis during Rice Growth and Development

Meiotic recombination 11 (Mre11) is a relatively conserved nuclease in various species. Mre11 plays important roles in meiosis and DNA damage repair in yeast, humans and Arabidopsis, but little research has been done on mitotic DNA replication and repair in rice. Here, it was found that Mre11 was an extensively expressed gene among the various tissues and organs of rice, and loss-of-function of Mre11 resulted in severe defects of vegetative and reproductive growth, including dwarf plants, abnormally developed male and female gametes, and completely abortive seeds. The decreased number of cells in the apical meristem and the appearance of chromosomal fragments and bridges during the mitotic cell cycle in rice mre11 mutant roots revealed an essential role of OsMre11. Further research showed that DNA replication was suppressed, and a large number of DNA strand breaks occurred during the mitotic cell cycle of rice mre11 mutants. The expression of OsMre11 was up-regulated with the treatment of hydroxyurea and methyl methanesulfonate. Moreover, OsMre11 could form a complex with OsRad50 and OsNbs1, and they might function together in non-homologous end joining and homologous recombination repair pathways. These results indicated that OsMre11 plays vital roles in DNA replication and damage repair of the mitotic cell cycle, which ensure the development and fertility of rice by maintaining genome stability.     

Macrophage Polarization in Cardiac Tissue Repair Following Myocardial Infarction

Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of mortality and morbidity around the globe, creating a substantial socio-economic burden as a result. Myocardial infarction is a significant contributor to the detrimental impact of cardiovascular disease. The death of cardiomyocytes following myocardial infarction causes an immune response which leads to further destruction of tissue, and subsequently, results in the formation of non-contractile scar tissue. Macrophages have been recognized as important regulators and participants of inflammation and fibrosis following myocardial infarction. Macrophages are generally classified into two distinct groups, namely, classically activated, or M1 macrophages, and alternatively activated, or M2 macrophages. The phenotypic profile of cardiac macrophages, however, is much more diverse and should not be reduced to these two subsets. In this review, we describe the phenotypes and functions of macrophages which are present in the healthy, as well as the infarcted heart, and analyze them with respect to M1 and M2 polarization states. Furthermore, we discuss therapeutic strategies which utilize macrophage polarization towards an anti-inflammatory or reparative phenotype for the treatment of myocardial infarction.     

压力容器缺陷检测及补焊修复

本文对不同种类、结构、工作条件、制造质量压力容器的缺陷检测处理和现场补焊修复的原则和工艺作了详细的叙述。     

不用压边成形圆锥形零件过程中内皱发生时刻确定及其影响因素分析

利用内皱模型，结合圆锥形零件在成形过程中的几何条件及应力分析推导了圆锥形零件不用压边时也不发生内皱的l临界条件；进而利用VB语言编程绘制了圆锥形零件在成形过程中不同参数情况下拉深时刻与相对厚度的变化曲线，据此得到内皱发生的具体时刻，并分析了不同参数对内皱发生时刻的影响。此临界条件可作为圆锥形零件拉深过程中不用压边时也不发生内皱的判据。所得曲线组具有通用性，可供生产实践或理论研究参考。     

手工电弧焊在带压补漏中的应用

压力容器和压力管道在生产过程中会出现泄漏，给生产过程带来影响或使生产中断，带压堵漏是保证生产正常进行的一种必要的技术手段。在此介绍了手工电弧焊带压堵漏的常用方法。     

汽车覆盖件冲压工艺/模具计算机辅助技术的发展现状

系统全面地论述了汽车覆盖件冲压模具数字化技术CAD／CAM／CAPP的发展现状，总结了目前存在的问题，并指出了未来的研究发展方向。     

空冷淬火Cu-Zn-Al合金马氏体结构及稳定化现象

利用Ｘ射线衍射强度分析、透射电镜观察、相变点测量等方法研究了空冷淬火态Ｃｕ１８Ｚｎ１４Ａｌ合金马氏体结构及其稳定化现象。认为该合金空冷淬火可获得长程有序完全的Ｍ１８Ｒ马氏体，其有序组态为Ａｌ原子与Ｃｕ原子、Ｚｎ原子与Ｃｕ原子两种近邻（ｎｎ）有序（Ｋ＝偶，Ｈ＋Ｋ／２＝奇），以及产生Ｋ＝奇的衍射中Ａｌ原子与Ｚｎ原子次近邻（ｎｎｎ）有序。其基面原子分布为：Ⅰ—１４２５Ａｌ＋１１２５Ｃｕ、Ⅱ—Ｃｕ、Ⅲ—１８２５Ｚｎ＋７２５Ｃｕ。与此相对应，该合金相应为Ｈｅｕｓｌｅｒ结构。该合金在充分有序化的条件下仍存在马氏体稳定化。     

Bone Marrow-Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Secretome as Conditioned Medium Relieves Experimental Skeletal Muscle Damage Induced by Ex Vivo Eccentric Contraction

Bone marrow-mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) may offer promise for skeletal muscle repair/regeneration. Growing evidence suggests that the mechanisms underpinning the beneficial effects of such cells in muscle tissue reside in their ability to secrete bioactive molecules (secretome) with multiple actions. Hence, we examined the effects of MSC secretome as conditioned medium (MSC-CM) on ex vivo murine extensor digitorum longus muscle injured by forced eccentric contraction (EC). By combining morphological (light and confocal laser scanning microscopies) and electrophysiological analyses we demonstrated the capability of MSC-CM to attenuate EC-induced tissue structural damages and sarcolemnic functional properties’ modifications. MSC-CM was effective in protecting myofibers from apoptosis, as suggested by a reduced expression of pro-apoptotic markers, cytochrome c and activated caspase-3, along with an increase in the expression of pro-survival AKT factor. Notably, MSC-CM also reduced the EC-induced tissue redistribution and extension of telocytes/CD34⁺ stromal cells, distinctive cells proposed to play a “nursing” role for the muscle resident myogenic satellite cells (SCs), regarded as the main players of regeneration. Moreover, it affected SC functionality likely contributing to replenishment of the SC reservoir. This study provides the necessary groundwork for further investigation of the effects of MSC secretome in the setting of skeletal muscle injury and regenerative medicine.     

25Cr2Ni4MoV钢转子轴颈损伤修复工艺研究

汽轮发电机运行过程中,转子轴颈磨损拉伤的情况较为普遍,采用微弧冷焊技术可以实现对损伤部位的修复。针对25Cr2Ni4MoV材料转子,通过焊接工艺试验和试样性能检测,得到一种可靠的微弧冷焊工艺;并通过对焊缝无损检测标准和焊后尺寸恢复工艺的研究,形成了一套完善的轴颈损伤修复工艺方案。