新疆某水利枢纽泄洪闸闸墩温控 防裂反馈分析

Based on the basic theory of temperature field and stress field for mass concrete, a feedback calculation for the temperature control simulation is made in accordance with the specific characteristics of the pier of the flood discharge sluice for a water control project in Xinjiang. It is known through the calculation that the adoptions of both the measure to alleviate the temperature difference between the inner and the outer concrete of the pier during the early period and the measure of the following-up temperature insulation for the concrete are the favorable methods to prevent the cracking of the pier concrete, and then this study result can provide references for the related project concerned.     

开槽预应力闸墩应力集中特性研究

为了较好地分析开槽预应力闸墩槽附近的应力集中问题,采用有限元结构分析软件模拟了某大型水电站在施工期和运行期不同荷载组合作用下的受力情况。通过改变预留槽的位置及大小,分析闸墩的应力分布状况。最后,从弹性力学的角度,应用复变函数法对孔口附近的应力分布情况进行计算,并将变化规律与开槽预应力闸墩的应力集中情况进行了分析对比。研究结果表明,预应力闸墩因开槽而引起应力集中可以被充分利用,不仅可以提高预应力锚索的预压效果,还可以通过改善预压应力的传力路径,使其传到更为有效的部位。     

A study of replacement rules for a parallel fleet replacement problem based on user preference utilization pattern and alternative fuel considerations

Parallel fleet replacement problems deal with determining an optimal replacement schedule that results in a minimal total cost of owning and operating a fleet within a finite planning horizon. In this paper, the fleet consists of service vehicles, varying in age and cumulative mileage, commonly owned by government agencies or private business organizations. The paper focuses on three main aspects of the problem, including the effects of some widely used replacement rules, consideration of alternative fuel vehicles for replacement, and a new “user preference” utilization pattern. The vehicle replacement rules under study include purchase-new-vehicles-only, no-splitting-in-selling, one-purchase-choice, older-vehicles-selling, and all-or-none rules. The initial fleet consists of gasoline vehicles, while alternative-fuel vehicles using either compressed natural gas (CNG) or liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) are included as challengers in every replacement decision period. The user preference utilization pattern denotes a pattern in which yearly usage of vehicles declines as the vehicles grow older or have higher cumulative mileage. Integer programming formulation of the defined problem that incorporates these new factors is provided. Small numerical examples under various scenarios and a large problem instance with model parameters estimated from actual data are solved to optimality to gain some insights about the replacement rules and other considered factors.     

非一致性采集资料地震振幅属性分析

油气藏开发过程的实质就是一个流体置换的过程,这就为非一致性采集资料地震监测提供了可能。本文基于gassmann方程,详细地分析了流体替代时储层物性参数(地震波速度,密度,泊松比等)的变化规律,建立了相应的孔隙度变化地震地质模型。最终对该模型所提取的振幅类属性进行优选技术处理,找到了适合本工区的两种敏感振幅属性,为准确预测目的储层段剩余油的分布奠定了基础。     

水平-竖向复合隔震墩

为满足广大农村地区推广复合隔震技术的需要,在钢筋-沥青复合隔震层的基础上,开发了一种水平-竖向复合隔震墩,其能同时有效减轻水平地震作用和竖向地震作用对上部结构的影响.介绍了该隔震装置的构造、工作原理和设计理论,并以刚体质量块代替刚度较大的砌体建筑物,对水平-竖向复合隔震墩进行振动台模拟地震试验.结果表明,此复合隔震装置吸收了大部分地震能量,减震效果明显且造价低廉,适合于广大农村地区推广使用,具有良好的经济和社会效益.     

环翼式桥墩局部冲刷防护试验

基于桥墩局部冲刷原理,在传统防冲刷保护措施的基础上设计了一种能改变桥墩迎水面流态的新型环翼式桥墩,在不同流速、有无环翼式挡板以及不同的挡板位置下,试验研究了环翼式桥墩的局部防冲刷效果。研究结果表明,环翼式挡板可有效减小桥墩的局部冲刷,当桥墩上的挡板与河床的距离约为水深的1/3时,与无挡板的桥墩相比近底垂向流速最大可减小96%,最大冲坑深度可减小57.6%,环翼式桥墩防冲刷效果明显。     

挡潮闸闸墩高性能大体积混凝土温度效应与控制

为了解决某挡潮闸枢纽工程中高性能大体积混凝土结构浇筑时的温度控制问题,避免因混凝土干缩、自体积变形、外部约束和温度效应等因素引起混凝土开裂,取闸室底板和中墩进行三维有限元建模,对闸墩采取不同的温控措施,进行闸墩温度场和温度应力场的仿真分析,研究闸墩冷却水管布置方案的温控效果并提出科学合理的温度控制措施,为现场科学施工提供理论指导。仿真结果表明:通水冷却效果良好,闸墩均未出现裂缝;在混凝土浇筑初期采取降低入仓温度和通水冷却等降温措施来减小由于混凝土水化热引起的最大温升,可以有效减小混凝土温降阶段的降温幅度;控制最大温升、内外温差及温降速率是大体积混凝土闸墩温控防裂的关键。     

天然气管道氮气置换过程混气段数值模拟

通过建立管道模型,给定边界条件,在Fluent软件中进行求解器设置后,运用组分输运模型模拟分析了氮气置换过程中混气段的特性。由分析得到：入口处混气头形状随入口速度增大由“直线”形状过渡到“子弹头”形状;在速度方向上,混气段氮气体积分数沿管道轴线呈线性规律递减,随着时间延长,扩散范围不断变大;氮气置换速度随着入口流速的增加而增大,置换初期,混气段长度增长速度快,大于置换后期;管道置换长度随时间增加而增大,置换速度越快,管道置换长度增长越快,管道置换效率随着流速的增加而增大,但是增长率呈下降趋势。     

特大桥实体桥墩在日照作用下温度场及温度应力的仿真分析

通过走行线特大桥大体积混凝土桥墩的施工实例,运用Ansys有限元软件对日照作用下混凝土热环境的温度场及应力场进行仿真分析,结果表明：受日照太阳辐射的影响,混凝土外表面的温度变化比桥墩内部的温度变化快,出现温度的滞后性,当温度差达到最大值时并没有出现最大拉应力,在日照作用下桥墩产生了较大的拉应力;最大拉应力、压应力及温差值较大区段从8：00-17：00,压应力随着日照时间和方位角不同而呈现抛物线变化,最大拉应力递减效应较压应力变化较小,拉应力对桥墩外表面裂纹影响效用最大。     

独墩宽幅鱼腹式截面梁桥抗倾覆能力研究

对桥梁上部结构整体抗倾覆稳定研究现状分析,剖析其计算力学原理及理论计算依据,并以一实桥为例,探讨独墩宽幅鱼腹式截面梁桥抗倾覆性能．借鉴最新规范研究成果及相关抗倾覆计算原理,引入抗倾覆稳定系数概念及其计算公式,对该桥进行整体鱼腹式箱梁的抗倾覆计算研究。同时与传统箱梁比较分析,所得二者抗倾覆稳定系数差别甚微,表明该类桥梁在抗倾覆稳定性方面并未有独特的优势．