Empirical approaches to estimate the nonlinear dynamic responses of earth-core rockfill dams subjected to earthquake ground motions

This study investigates three aspects of the dynamic response of earth-core rockfill dams (ECRDs) under earthquake loadings, including induced shear strain, increased fundamental period, and shear modulus reduction. A database of the recorded ground motions of ECRD cases in Japan is analyzed to carry out this study. The required response parameters as mentioned above are extracted by analyzing the acceleration time histories recorded at the dams’ crests and foundations. Subsequently, statistical analyses are performed to achieve the objectives of this study. A graph is developed describing the change in the dam’s fundamental period with the induced shear strain, and it is observed that the increase of the dam’s period is dependent on the increase in the shear strain levels. A relationship is established to estimate the anticipated levels of shear strain from the intensity measure (IM) of the earthquake signals. In the proposed predictive relationship, a new IM is used that can adequately characterize the severity of an earthquake. Finally, a curve and a range are suggested for the average shear modulus degradation of the ECRD’s core materials. The presented empirical graphs and relationships in this study are valuable tools to obtain an appropriate perception of dams’ nonlinear behaviour under strong earthquake excitations.     

超分子作用阻尼材料的动态力学模型修正

为提高飞机起落架载荷实测精度,以支柱式起落架结构为研究对象,探讨处理其载荷标定数据的工程方法。首先,对实际受载情况和单向加载工况标定数据的分析,挖掘出三向载荷、缓冲支柱压缩行程与应变码值间的数学关系,将预测的数学关系代入到多向工况的标定数据中,验证了它们的准确性;其次,根据两种标定数据回归方法,提出了对应使用的支柱式起落架载荷-应变标定方程的数学模型;最后,将两种标定方程代回到标定数据中,计算起落架三向载荷,所有反算载荷的误差均在可控范围内,表明标定方程满足精度要求。将标定方程代入实测数据中,实测曲线符合变化规律。该处理方法的应用能有力提高支柱式起落架的起飞-着陆载荷实测和载荷谱编制的准确度。     

Numerical investigation of surface topography and residual stress after abrasive water jet sequential peening (AWJSP)

Abstract

This article reveals the formation mechanism of surface topography and the formation and coupling mechanism of residual stress field (RSF) after abrasive water jet sequential peening (AWJSP) that can sequential peening on the material surface at a certain distance interval, and proposes a mathematical model of surface dimple characteristic verified by simulation results. In addition, the influences of shot velocity v₀, shot radius R and the distance between the center of adjacent shots D_C on surface topography and RSF were also investigated. Results show the surface dimple forms resulting from the material plastic strain, and the residual stress (RS) is mainly induced by the unrecovered elastic strain resulting from the hindering of plastic strain. Decreasing v₀, R or D_C can decrease the surface roughness R_t, while increasing v₀ and R is beneficial to induce a large and deep compressive RS layer. D_C influences the whole distribution of compressive RS layer directly.     

复杂地基中桩基承载机理计算研究

探讨了复杂地基中的单桩承载性能，分析比较了目前应用于桩基分析计算中的各种弹性理论法的适用性及局限性，建立了一套更接近实际的桩土体系模型，提出了一种新的计算分析复杂地基模型的桩基础计算分析方法——广义弹性理论法。     

上海南站钢屋盖Y形主梁极限承载力分析

上海南站是国内外第一座大型圆形火车站建筑,该建筑屋盖为预应力索梁结构体系,大跨度钢梁特殊的平面呈Y形,截面为橄榄形薄壁闭口截面,使结构设计有较大难度。介绍了结构局部模型边界条件的确定方法,运用大型有限元分析软件MSC.MARC详细分析了该梁的极限承载力,为该结构设计提供了可靠的计算依据,为此类结构的分析提供有价值的参考资料。计算结果表明,只有综合考虑结构的几何和材料非线性才能准确评估出结构的极限承载力。     

开椭圆孔板的应力分析

运用复变函数保角变换求解无限大板开有椭圆孔时的孔边界处的应力分布规律,通过对开椭圆孔有限板的有限元分析,找出开椭圆孔有限板的应力分布与开椭圆孔无限板的应力分布的关系,达到用开孔无限板求解开孔有限板的目的。     

9Cr2钢轧辊开裂分析

对开裂9Cr2钢轧辊的化学成分、金相组织和性能检测和分析后，发现其开裂原因是轧辊内部存在“白点”以及淬火终冷温度过低所致。     

Theory Deposition Model and Influencing Factors During Process of Preparing Micro-Layer Laminate by EBPVD

This paper briefly introduces the characteristics of electron beam physical vapor deposition (EBPVD) technique and the whole process of preparing micro-layer composite laminate. And several major influencing factors are presented and discussed. It was found that residual gas pressure should be low enough to guarantee the unobstructed transportation of vapor steam and electron beam; the evaporation method and evaporation speed are up to the different vapor pressure deficit of compositions of raw materials; and the substrate temperature could have great influence on the microstructure of the micro-layer laminates.     

Numerical Simulation of Controlling in Titanium Alloy Sheets Welding Residual Stress by Trailing Peening

It is a promising and new technology to apply welding with trailing peening to control welding stress and distortion of titanium alloy. Numerical simulation of conventional welding and welding with trailing peening of the titanium alloy sheet is carried out, using nonlinear finite element theory and the engineering analysis software MARC. The result shows that welding with trailing peening technology reduces longitudinal residual stress in welding joint effectively, and it is more effective to reduce residual stress to peen the weld than to peen the weld toe. It is a effective result that other technolooy and method used in welding can never achieved.     

Sintering and creep processes in plasma-sprayed thermal barrier coatings

During operation at elevated temperatures, sintering processes can significantly influence the mechanical properties of thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) by increasing Young’s modulus and reducing strain tolerance. These changes of the mechanical response of TBCs were investigated using free-standing plasma-sprayed TBCs in a thermomechanical analysis (TMA) facility. The time-dependent change of Young’s modulus was determined in situ in a flexure mode at different annealing temperatures. In addition, relaxation processes during loading and unloading were monitored. The time-dependent deformation behavior of the TBC sample can be described by a simple viscoelastic approach (Burgers model). Viscosity data are determined as a function of annealing temperature and time.