共振多光子电离探测芳香烃污染物对比实验研究

本文用两种不同的方法对同期制备的不同浓度的苯、甲苯、二甲苯及其混合气和摩托车尾气三类样品分别进行了对比实验,实验验证了多光子电离所得实验数据的可靠性及其测量精确性,同时可以看出多光子电离方法所具有的快速、实时在线和多组分同时探测的优越性。     

Suppression of efficiency roll-off in TADF-OLEDs using Ag-island nanostructures with localized surface plasmon resonance effect

Organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) based on thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) have emerged as promising alternatives to phosphorescent OLEDs for harvesting both singlet and triplet excitons. However, the development of TADF-OLEDs meets a thorny problem of serious efficiency roll-off at high luminance. Here, we demonstrate an approach to suppress the efficiency roll-off characteristics in TADF-OLEDs by localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) effect of easy-fabricated Ag-island nanostructures. Compared with the common TADF-OLEDs at a high current density of 100 mA cm⁻², the efficiency roll-off ratio of the TADF-OLEDs with Ag-island nanostructures decreases from 49.75% to 35.76% significantly, and the maximum current efficiency is increased by 10.5%. The performance enhancement is mainly attributed to the coupling between excitons and localized surface plasmons (LSPs), which could alter the excited state kinetic characteristics of TADF molecules.     

Upconverting Nanoparticle Relays for Resonance Energy Transfer Networks

Networks of fluorophores arranged at the nanoscale can perform basic computation using resonance energy transfer (RET) to transport and manipulate information in the form of excitons. As excitons travel through RET circuits, they are red‐shifted due to vibrational energy loss at each transfer event. This loss prohibits RET circuits from being cascaded to form larger, more computationally complex systems. To address this issue, a nanoassembly capable of converting three or more low energy excitons into a single high energy exciton is designed and fabricated. Deemed the RET relay, this device uses upconverting nanoparticles to achieve anti‐Stokes energy transfer from near‐infrared excited fluorophores to visibly excited fluorophores. In this work, the relay is explored by first breaking it into its halves. Each fluorophore's ability to donate energy to or from the nanoparticle is characterized by a series of photoluminescence experiments. The adsorption of these fluorophores to the particle is modeled as a Langmuir process, revealing the fractional occupancy of each dye that optimizes energy transfer. A fully functional relay is then demonstrated by exciting the near‐infrared dye and extracting the visible dye's fluorescence. Lastly, the performance of the entire construct is optimized over a small sampling of assembly reaction coordinates.     

基于参数导引随机共振的数字水印算法

设计并实现了一个基于参数导引随机共振的DCT域数字图像水印算法。在嵌入方,将伪随机的水印序列上采样后与DCT交流系数相加得到嵌入水印的系数,在检测方,待检测图像的DCT交流系数当作随机共振信号处理器的惟一输入,通过调节随机共振信号处理器的参数实现水印的检测。仿真结果表明,算法在保证水印不可感知的前提下能抵抗包括加噪声污染、直方图均衡等信号处理攻击。     

一种新型并联混合有源滤波器的研究

本文提出了一种新型并联混合型有源滤波器的拓扑，新型拓扑通并联谐 振抑制流过无源网络的基波无功电流，减小了有源滤波器承担的基波电流。同时在此拓扑基础上讨论了它的控制策略，在此控制策略下，有源滤波器不承担基波电矿井，且只承担很小的基波电流，因此有源滤波器的容量达到了最小，本文分析了并联谐振对无源网络阻抗的影响，并对此分析了控制策略在传统拓扑和新型拓扑下对有源滤波器容量的影响，最后通过仿真证明了结论的正确性。     

高压钠灯电子镇流器的设计

高压钠（HPS）灯是高强度放电灯的一种,因其具有高光效（80～140 lm/W）、省电、寿命长和透雾性强等优点,而被广泛应用。传统的电感式镇流器存在功率因数低和自身损耗大的缺点,而且对电网电压波动的适应能力不强,所以研制性价比较高的电子镇流器取代电感式镇流器是大势所趋。目前,高压钠灯电子镇流器大多都是高频电子镇流器,在高频状态下,高压钠灯容易熄弧,存在声共振问题。文章利用可变频脉冲信号产生器设计的高压钠灯电子镇流器较好地避免了声共振问题,加上异常工作状态保护电路,使电子镇流器的性能显著提高。     

Template‐Confined Dewetting Process to Surface Nanopatterns: Fabrication,Structural Tunability,and Structure‐Related Properties

Metallic surface nanopatterns are prepared by a template‐confined dewetting process with multiple structural controllabilities. The morphology of the building blocks is homogeneous throughout the surface nanopatterns, as the dewetting process proceeds separately in each bowl. The features of the building units in the surface patterns are highly dependent on the annealing temperature. Importantly, the size and composition of the nanoparticles in the surface nanopatterns can be pre‐calculated and designed by manipulating the thickness of the evaporated metallic films. The heating temperature and composition of the building units influence the surface‐enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) and plasmonic properties, thus tuning the localized surface plasmon resonance peaks over a broad range (from visible to near infrared). The introduction of silver in the gold surface nanopatterns enhances the SERS performance dramatically. This work not only provides a powerful route to fabricate surface nanopatterns, but also supplies a platform to study the mechanism of the complicated dewetting processes of metals.     

发展中的雷达目标识别

随着雷达技术的发展,雷达目标识别日益受到广泛重视。本文综述了雷达目标识别的重要进展,并特别指出了高频区目标识别急需解决的一些问题。     

A Hollow‐Core,Magnetic, and Mesoporous Double‐Shell Nanostructure: In Situ Decomposition/Reduction Synthesis,Bioimaging, and Drug‐Delivery Properties

A novel in situ decomposition/reduction approach is developed to manu­facture hollow core, magnetic, and mesoporous double‐shell nanostructures (HMMNSs) via in situ decomposition and reduction of a β‐FeOOH nanorod core and organosilicate‐incorporated silica‐shell precursor. The formed HMMNSs are then aminated by silanization for further covalent conjugation to rhodamine B isothiocyanate (RBITC) and poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) chains. The resultant RBITC‐grafted and PEGylated nanocomposites (HMMNS–R/Ps) have excellent blood compatibility and very low cytotoxicity towards HeLa and MCF‐7 cells, and can be taken up by cancer cells effectively in a dose‐dependent manner, as confirmed by in vitro flow cytometry, confocal luminescence imaging, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies. In vivo MRI studies coupled with Prussian blue staining of slides from different organs show that the nanocomposites preferentially accumulate in liver and spleen after intravenous injection, which suggests a potential application of the nanocomposites as MRI contrast agents. Importantly, the HMMNS–R/P nanocomposites show high loading capacity for water‐insoluble anticancer drugs (docetaxel or camptothecin) owing to the presence of a large inner cavity and enhanced surface area and pore volume. Furthermore, the drug‐loaded nanocomposites exhibit greater cytotoxicity than the corresponding free drugs. These results confirm that the HMMNS–R/P nanocomposites are promising candidates for simultaneous bioimaging and drug delivery.