Reproducible Enhancement of Fluorescence by Bimetal Mediated Surface Plasmon Coupled Emission for Highly Sensitive Quantitative Diagnosis of Double‐Stranded DNA

Plasmonic enhancement of fluorescence from SYBR Green I conjugated with a double‐stranded DNA (dsDNA) amplicon is demonstrated on polymerase chain reaction (PCR) products. Theoretical computation leads to use of the bimetallic (Au 2 nm–Ag 50 nm) surface plasmons due to larger local fields (higher quality factors) than monometallic (Ag or Au) ones at both dye excitation and emission wavelengths simultaneously, optimizing fluorescence enhancement with surface plasmon coupled emission (SPCE). Two kinds of reverse Kretschmann configurations are used, which favor, in signal‐to‐noise ratio, a fluorescence assay that uses optically dense buffer such as blood plasma. The fluorescence enhancement (12.9 fold at maximum) with remarkably high reproducibility (coefficient of variation (CV) < 1%) is experimentally demonstrated. This facilitates credible quantitation of enhanced fluorescence, however unlikely to obtain by localized surface plasmons. The plasmon‐induced optical gain of 46 dB due to SPCE‐active dye molecules is also estimated. The fluorescence enhancement technologies with PCR enables LOD of the dsDNA template concentration of ≈400 fg µL^?1 (CV < 1%), the lowest ever reported in DNA fluorescence assay to date. SPCE also reduces photobleaching significantly. These technologies can be extended for a highly reproducible and sufficiently sensitive fluorescence assay with small volumes of analytes in multiplexed diagnostics.     

Data-driven evaluation of fatigue performance of additive manufactured parts using miniature specimens

This overview firstly introduces the state-of-the-art research progress in length scale-related fatigue performance of conventionally-fabricated metals evaluated by miniature specimens. Some key factors for size effects sensitive to microstructures including the specimen thickness, grain size and a ratio between them are highlighted to summarize some general rules for size effects. Then, ongoing research progress and new challenges in evaluating the fatigue performance of additive manufactured parts controlled by location-specific defects, microstructure heterogeneities as well as mechanical anisotropy using miniature specimen testing technique are discussed and addressed. Finally, a potential roadmap to establish a data-driven evaluation platform based on a large number of miniature specimen-based experiment data, theoretical computations and the ‘big data’ analysis with machine learning is proposed. It is expected that this overview would provide a novel strategy for the realistic evaluation and fast qualification of fatigue properties of additive manufactured parts we have been facing to.     

异质性和时滞作用下神经元网络的共振动力学

利用参数互异的Fitzhugh-Nagumo神经元构建了含耦合时滞的无标度神经元网络模型,通过数值模拟的方法,提出研究参数异质性和耦合时滞影响下神经元网络的共振动力学.结果发现,当耦合项中不含时滞时,适中的参数异质性能够使得神经元网络对外界弱周期信号的响应达到最优,即适中的参数异质性能够诱导神经元网络的共振响应,而且异质性诱导共振对耦合强度具有鲁棒性.更重要的是,耦合时滞对参数异质性作用下神经元网络的共振特性也有着显著性影响.当时滞约为信号周期的整数倍时,神经元网络能够周期性地出现共振现象,即适当的耦合时滞能够诱导神经元网络的多重共振,而且这种现象在异质性参数的适当范围内都能明显出现.     

压电发电悬臂梁的非线性动力学建模及响应分析

以单晶悬臂梁压电发电装置为研究对象,在考虑压电材料非线性的情况下,利用广义Hamilton原理、Rayleigh-Ritz法、Euler-Bernoulli梁理论及压电元件恒定电场假设建立了悬臂梁压电发电装置的分布式机电耦合模型,通过数值计算分析谐振频率附近解的特性与系统参数及初始条件的关系,揭示了压电材料非线性、外激励参数对系统响应的影响规律,并通过实验验证了解析解的正确性.结果表明,压电材料的非线性特性会导致近似解的共振峰向左偏移,呈现软特性的非线性特征;当激励频率变化时,系统响应存在多解、跳跃等现象,主共振解的真正实现与初始条件的选取有关.     

不同缓冲材料的堆码包装振动特性分析

目的 研究物流运输中采用不同缓冲材料的堆码包装件的振动特性。方法 以缓冲材料聚乙烯泡沫(EPE)和聚苯乙烯泡沫(EPS)为研究对象,采用三维建模软件SoildWorks和有限元仿真软件Workbench建立有限元模型进行模态与谐响应分析,结合扫频振动试验和随机振动试验对各层堆码件的振动响应特性进行分析。结果 2类包装件共振频率处的第一激励能量都大于第二激励能量,振动幅值随层数增加而升高。EPE包装件第一和第二共振频率的激励能量占比分别为35.7%和3%,EPS包装件第一和第二共振频率的激励能量占比分别为26.8%和16.8%。EPE包装件共振区域主要分布于15～40 Hz,而EPS包装件共振频率区域分布于15～40 Hz和60～80 Hz。三层堆码件的中上层包装件受第一共振频率控制,EPS材料的底层包装件受多个共振频率影响,EPE材料的底层包装件受到第二共振频率控制。结论 经过循环载荷作用后的EPE的吸振缓冲性能优于EPS的。通过试验与有限元仿真数据绘制了相应的防振性能曲线,同时验证了有限元仿真的可靠性。这为堆码产品选择不同缓冲材料组合提供了的理论指导。     

宽翼T形梁桥动力学理论与特性分析

考虑了剪滞翘曲应力自平衡条件、剪切变形和剪力滞后效应等因素的影响,本文提出了一种对宽翼薄壁T形梁动力学特性的分析方法.分析中为了准确反应T形梁翼板的动位移变化,三个广义动位移被引入,且以能量变分原理为基础建立了T形梁动力反应的控制微分方程和自然边界条件,据此对T形梁的动力反应特性进行了分析,揭示了T形梁桥动力反应的规律.算例中,对比了考虑和不考虑剪滞翘曲应力自平衡条件对T形梁动力反应的影响,结果显示考虑剪滞翘曲应力自平衡条件的计算方法与有限元数值解吻合更好.     

Room-Temperature Magnetic Skyrmions and Large Topological Hall Effect in Chromium Telluride Engineered by Self-Intercalation

Room-temperature magnetic skyrmion materials exhibiting robust topological Hall effect (THE) are crucial for novel nano-spintronic devices. However, such skyrmion-hosting materials are rare in nature. In this study, a self-intercalated transition metal dichalcogenide Cr_1+xTe₂ with a layered crystal structure that hosts room-temperature skyrmions and exhibits large THE is reported. By tuning the self-intercalate concentration, a monotonic control of Curie temperature from 169 to 333 K and a magnetic anisotropy transition from out-of-plane to the in-plane configuration are achieved. Based on the intercalation engineering, room-temperature skyrmions are successfully created in Cr_1.53Te₂ with a Curie temperature of 295 K and a relatively weak perpendicular magnetic anisotropy. Remarkably, a skyrmion-induced topological Hall resistivity as large as ≈106 nΩ cm is observed at 290 K. Moreover, a sign reversal of THE is also found at low temperatures, which can be ascribed to other topological spin textures having an opposite topological charge to that of the skyrmions. Therefore, chromium telluride can be a new paradigm of the skyrmion material family with promising prospects for future device applications.     

多元随机回归系数和参数的线性估计可容许的几个结果

在两种矩阵损失函数下讨论随机效应多元线性模型中回归系数和参数的线性估计的可容许性,并且在齐次和非齐次线性估计类中分别得到了可容许估计的充要条件。     

双声学共振腔体蜗舌降低离心式风机噪声的研究

论述了双声学共振腔体蜗舌降低离心式风机噪声的新方法,进一步提出了双声学共振腔体蜗舌的解析模型。经实验验证,当采用双声学共振腔体蜗舌时,可降低基频噪声２５２ｄＢ（Ａ）。降低一次谐波噪声１６３ｄＢ（Ａ）,总声压级下降９７ｄＢ（Ａ）,比单声学共振腔体蜗舌总声压级多下降３４ｄＢ（Ａ）,风机气动力性能基本不受影响。     

阳离子染料可染改性涤纶及涤纶织物的碱减量研究

以阳离子染料可染改性涤纶丝与普通涤纶丝混纺（或交织）织物为研究对象,探讨碱剂。促进剂、减量温度及时间等因素对减量率的影响以及不同减量工艺经阳离子染料染色对织物闪色效果的影响。研究表明在保证一定减量率的基础上,染色后织物具有一定的闪色效果。