基于嵌入式Linux自主鱼的设计及应用

该文以自然界中的盒子鱼为原型,设计了一款基于自主视觉的机器鱼,通过图像传感器采集水下图像信息并进行处理和识别,并根据识别结果做出决策控制自身运动。系统以S3C2440为核心,在嵌入式Linux环境下通过传感器采集各种有效信息,并控制舵机实现自身上升、下潜和转弯等三维运动。本文设计了一种针对自主鱼的水球比赛实验,实验结果显示,该系统具有较高的实时性和很好的灵活性。     

网络传感器在机器人感知系统中的应用研究

本文针对网络环境下机器人感知系统信息获取技术，结合IEEE1451.2网络传感器设计 思想，提出一种即插即用机器人感知系统节点的设计方法，并针对具体感知节点提出一种在 线编程的方法，即可在线修改感知系统节点中具体的传感器／执行器的有关参数，如：生产 厂家、日期、校准参数等；并给出了网络环境下机器人感知系统的网络拓扑结构以及数字接 口．     

Sensor Fusion and Planning with Perception–Action Network

Robot intelligence requires a real-time connection between sensing and action. A new computation principle of robotics that efficiently implements such a connection is utmost important for the new generation of robotics. In this paper, a perception–action network is presented as a means of efficiently integrating sensing, knowledge, and action for sensor fusion and planning. The network consists of a number of heterogeneous computational units, representing feature transformation and decision-making for action, which are interconnected as a dynamic system. New input stimuli to the network invoke the evolution of network states to a new equilibrium, through which a real-time integration of sensing, knowledge, and action can be accomplished. The network provides a formal, yet general and efficient, method of achieving sensor fusion and planning. This is because the uncertainties of signals, propagated in the network, can be controlled by modifying sensing parameters and robot actions. Algorithms for sensor planning based on the proposed network are established and applied to robot self-localization. Simulation and experimental results are shown.     

柔性机器人的动力学建模及其控制*

本文首先综述了近年来在柔性机器人动力学建模方面所取得的进展，着重介绍了目前较常见的几种建模方法和模型，同时对柔性机器人的控制问题进行了评述，指出了今后研究的方向。     

Interleaving Planning and Robot Execution for Asynchronous User Requests

ROGUE is an architecture built on a real robot which provides algorithms for the integration of high-level planning, low-level robotic execution, and learning. ROGUE addresses successfully several of the challenges of a dynamic office gopher environment. This article presents the techniques for the integration of planning and execution.ROGUE uses and extends a classical planning algorithm to create plans for multiple interacting goals introduced by asynchronous user requests. ROGUE translates the planner';s actions to robot execution actions and monitors real world execution. ROGUE is currently implemented using the PRODIGY4.0 planner and the Xavier robot. This article describes how plans are created for multiple asynchronous goals, and how task priority and compatibility information are used to achieve appropriate efficient execution. We describe how ROGUE communicates with the planner and the robot to interleave planning with execution so that the planner can replan for failed actions, identify the actual outcome of an action with multiple possible outcomes, and take opportunities from changes in the environment.ROGUE represents a successful integration of a classical artificial intelligence planner with a real mobile robot.     

NURBS体参数化模型的无支撑打印算法

处理大角度悬垂结构的打印问题是无支撑打印的主要挑战。针对NURBS（non-uniform rational Bspline）体参数化模型的多自由度无支撑三维打印技术,提出一种锥形切片算法。通过对模型的三维文件进行几何映射,利用水平切片算法对其进行切片,得到模型变形后的连续打印路径G-code;然后对得到的G-code进行逆映射,生成适用于六轴机械臂的多自由度连续打印路径。利用锥形切片算法规划打印路径,可以在无须支撑的情况下,依靠自支撑结构实现对悬空结构部分的打印。最后,通过仿真实验和对比实验,验证了锥形切片算法的准确性、可行性和有效性。锥形切片算法的引入为NURBS体参数化模型的无支撑三维打印提供了一种更加高效、经济和环保的解决方案。     

基于广义双曲正切模型的机器人鲁棒模糊自适应控制

利用广义模糊双曲正切模型的全局逼近特点,设计一种模糊自适应控制器用于机器人轨迹跟踪控制.广义双曲正切模型利用输入变量的平移能以任意精度逼近系统的不确定动态.对于系统不确定外界干扰和模糊系统的逼近误差,通过求解一个线性矩阵不等式来保证闭环系统的鲁棒稳定性.对比传统的模糊基函数,在保证系统跟踪精度的前提下,双曲正切模糊基函数的自适应调整参数大大减少,仿真表明该控制算法具有较强的鲁棒性能和较好的跟踪性能.     

Advanced and Intelligent Control Techniques Applied to the Drive Control and Path Tracking Systems on a Robotic Wheelchair

This paper presents the theoretical support and experimental results of the application of advanced and intelligent control techniques to the drive control and trajectory tracking systems on a robotic wheelchair. The adaptive optimal control of the differential drive helps to improve the automatic guidance system's safety and comfort taking into consideration operating conditions such as load and distribution changes or motion actuator limitations. Furthermore, the incorporation of an optimal controller to minimize location errors and a fuzzy controller to adapt the linear velocity to the characteristics of the trajectory, provide the vehicle with a high degree of intelligence and autonomy, even when faced with obstacles. The global control solution implemented increases the features of the wheelchair for handicapped people, especially for those with a high degree of disability.     

Robust adaptive vibration control for an uncertain flexible Timoshenko robotic manipulator with input and output constraints

The problems of the constraints and the vibration suppression are investigated for the flexible Timoshenko robotic manipulator in this paper. Robust adaptive boundary control laws with the disturbance observes are designed to guarantee the convergence of the feedback flexible Timoshenko robotic manipulator system with the uncertain parameters and the states are proven to be uniform bounded. In addition, the proposed boundary controls are verified to be effectiveness by the numeral experiments.     

Three-Dimensional Robotic Vision Using Ultrasonic Sensors

This article describes a three-dimensional artificial vision system for robotic applications using an ultrasonic sensor array. The array is placed on the robot grip so that it is possible to detect the presence of an object, to direct the robot tool towards it, and to locate the object position. It will provide visual information about the object's surface by means of superficial scanning and it permits the object shape reconstruction. The developed system uses an approximation of the ultrasonic radiation and reception beam shape for calculating the first contact points with the object's surface. On the other hand, the position of the array's sensors has been selected in order to provide the sensorial head with other useful capabilities, such as edge detection and edge tracking. Furthermore, the article shows the structure of the sensorial head for avoiding successive rebounds between the head and the object surface, and for eliminating the mechanical vibrations among sensors.