塔河油田三叠系水平井地质导向技术研究

针对塔河油田三叠系碎屑岩油气藏油层薄、储集层非均质性较强、泥质和低渗致密夹层纵横向变化大的地质特点，在分析、研究不同区块多口水平井资料的基础上，探讨了水平井不同地质情况下斜井段及目的层砂顶的预测和判别技术，以实例阐述了井眼轨迹调整方法，首次形成了一套适合于该地区碎屑岩非均质薄层油气藏水平井录井地质导向技术，在塔河油田水平井钻探开发中取得了显著的成效。     

陕西省引红济石调水工程1#支洞塌方原因分析及对策

塌方是隧洞施工过程中经常遇到的难题,本文针对引红济石工程1#支洞在施工过程中出现的两次塌方原因进行分析,总结出隧洞施工过程中避免塌方的主要方法和策略,具有普遍的借鉴意义。     

东津水电站引水隧洞进口不良地质段施工

东津水电站引水隧洞进口段工程地质条件恶劣，施工干扰大，渡汛工期紧。采用喷锚支护洞脸边坡，洞口明挖３ｍ浇筑钢筋混凝土明拱和Ｌ形护坡墙；洞身段采用新奥法施工，先打通上导洞；进口４０ｍ分段开挖，分段衬砌；进水塔压板混凝土模板采用门字框架钢支撑；排除了施工干扰，防止了洞口滑塌，进口段塌方的恶性事故发生，保证了引水隧洞工程的顺利施工。     

Effect of igneous activity on hydrocarbon source rocks in Jiyang sub-basin, eastern China

A 50 m thick diabase sill was found in the Paleogene black mudstone hydrocarbon source rocks in Xia38 well. Within heating aureola of the sill, optical changes of kerogen and signatures of extractable bitumens in the mudstones were investigated. Under effects of high heating rate associated with sill intrusion, the vitrinite reflectance (Ro) has an increasing tendency with decreasing distance to the sill both below and above the sill. However, only within a zone of about 15 m to the diabase sill, the vitrinite reflectance shows significant increase. Above the sill, the Ro values increase gradually from 0.6% to 1.0%, whereas below the sill, the Ro values increase dramatically from 0.8% to 3.8%. The contrasting Ro increasing patterns are attributed to the different heat transferring conditions, the relatively open system above the sill and the relatively close system below. The more mature signatures below the sill are also demonstrated by the n-alkane distribution, carbon predominance index and odd-to-even carbon number predominance of the extracted bitumens. Below the sill, the proportion of the saturated hydrocarbons in the extracted bitumens increases from 34% to 79% towards the sill contact. The bitumens in the two highest rank samples which are closest to the sill are dominated by saturated or saturated + aromatic hydrocarbons.The %20S, %αββ and %Ts biomarker parameters of the extracted bitumens are 46%, 58% and 54%, respectively, at Ro = 1.5%. At Ro = 2.6% or 3.0%, they reach to 52%, 71%, and 71%, respectively, still under or close to their corresponding equilibrium end-points. These samples of high rank, established on the basis of optical assessment (vitrinite reflectance), have less mature biomarker signatures. The remarkable disparities between optical and biomarker parameters can be ascribed to that the aromatization of kerogen to increase Ro was more favored than the isomerization of biomarker in the rapid heating scenario.     

矿区复杂地质条件下隧洞围岩塌方处理

主要介绍金堆城东川河改道工程隧洞施工过程中出现的一次较大塌方治理，塌方体松散并含孤石，传统方法无法处理，根据塌方体的特点，有针对性地采取自钻式锚杆、固结灌浆等施工工艺，并获得成功；对隧洞衬砌、地表陷坑进行了处理，确保了工程安全、质量。同时根据矿区隧洞围岩复杂多变的特点，对后期隧洞施工提出了建议。     

岩石液压致裂中几个问题的研究

论证了流体压力变化与岩石强度变化之间的关系，阐述了流体保持与释放的应力条件和构造环境，总结了两种围岩下的液压致裂模型及其流量方程。     

遵义后坝奥陶系红花园组油苗岩石轻烃特征分析

遵义后坝奥陶系红花园组生物碎屑灰岩中发现油苗和沥青,经过气/源岩、沥青/源岩对比,震旦、寒武及奥陶系产层轻烃C₆₊₇结构组成基本一致,奥陶系含油苗灰岩轻烃星图与震旦系泥岩、寒武系沥青砂岩星图较为相似,显示红花园组油苗主要来源于震旦系和下古生界过成熟或高成熟海相烃源岩,油气经历了较长距离的运移,得以在奥陶系中保存下来。这对评价该地区油气前景有重要意义,预示着可能存在一套特殊的含油气组合,存在以O₁h古风化壳储集层为目的层的勘探领域。在兴文—叙永一线以西地区现今下古生界储盖组合保存良好,在适当的构造圈闭中可形成油气藏。志留系和二叠系产层轻烃C₆₊₇与震旦系、寒武系及奥陶系等产层轻烃C₆₊₇明显有别,星图对比性差,表征它们之间成烃母质或沉积环境均有不同。      

北非库弗腊盆地油气成藏条件及地质风险初探

库弗腊盆地是在稳定结晶基底上形成的大型古生代克拉通内坳陷盆地。油气地质评价认为，该盆地发育始寒武系一自垩系的浅海相与河流相交互沉积，依据钻井、露头、孢粉组合可将其沉积序列划分为8套地层单元。推测盆地存在3套烃源岩：始寒武系泥岩、奥陶系泥岩、志留系Tanezzuft组泥岩，其中Tanezzuft组泥岩是盆地最有可能的烃源岩。库弗腊盆地可能存在奥陶系一志留系和始寒武系两套成藏组合，盆地模拟结果表明盆地的两个沉积中心（uri槽和Kalanshiyu槽）的烃源岩已达到生油窗范围，是否存在有效烃源岩是决定该盆地油气潜力的主要因素和油气勘探的最大地质风险所在。图4参18     

房屋基础因地道塌陷的加固处理

本文通过对房屋基础因地道塌陷事故的处理，提出一种结构受力合理、施工便利、经济性好的基础加固新方法，供今后实际工程事故处理时参考。     

Excavation of Inlet Tunnels at Geheyan Power Station

1　ＯｖｅｒｖｉｅｗＴｈｅＧｅｈｅｙａｎＰｏｗｅｒＳｔａｔｉｏｎｈａｓｆｏｕｒｃｉｒｃｕｌａｒｉｎｌｅｔｔｕｎ ｎｅｌｓ，ｏｎｔｈｅｒｉｇｈｔｂａｎｋｏｆｄａｍｓｉｔｅ，ｗｉｔｈｔｈｅｉｒｅｘｃａｖａｔｉｏｎｄｉ ａｍｅｔｅｒｏｆ 11．3ｍｔｏ 12．5ｍ，ａｆｔｅｒ ｌｉｎｉｎｇｄｉａｍｅｔｅｒｏｆ 9．5ｍ，ａｘｉｓ ｔｏ ａｘｉｓｓｐａｃｉｎｇｏｆ2 4ｍ．Ｔｈｅｔｈｉｃｋｎｅｓｓｏｆｐｉｌｌａｒｓａｒｅｅｑｕａｌｔｏｔｈｅｔｕｎｎｅｌｄｉａｍｅｔｅｒ．Ｔｈｅｉｎｔａｋｅｃｅｎｔｅｒｉｓａｔｅｌｅｖａ ｔｉ…