Effect of sillimanite beach sand composition on mullitization and properties of Al<Subscript>2</Subscript>O<Subscript>3</Subscript>-SiO<Subscript>2</Subscript> system

Mullite was developed by reaction sintering of sillimanite beach sand and calcined alumina. Two varieties of sillimanite beach sand viz. S and Z having different compositions were selected. Synthesis and properties of mullite were very much dependent on the sillimanite beach sand composition. Presence of higher amount of impurities in the Z-variety of sillimanite sand favours the densification by liquid phase formation. Presence of zircon in Z-variety increases the hardness and fracture toughness. Alumina addition improves the mechanical/thermomechanical properties of the samples. Mullite retains the usual orthorhombic habit of sillimanite. Rounded to sub rounded zirconia dispersed within the mullite matrix of the sample ZA is noticed.     

关于砂金工艺矿物学研究规范化的建议

本文从样品的采集、加工、制备到砂金性状、矿砂物质组成;从分离、鉴定质量要求到选矿产品考察;从矿砂可洗性、可选性评价到矿砂工艺类型确定等项内容的系统化、标准化,阐述了砂金工艺矿物学的研究规范。     

沾化凹陷南斜坡油气运移条件及运移特征研究

油气运移的条件和油气运移的特征决定了油气藏的形成与分布。沾化凹陷南斜坡不整合面、断层以及各层系储集砂体的空间配置构成复杂的立体网络通道，决定了油气的运移，控制了油气分布。以断层为垂向运移通道的油气藏常在断层带附近多层叠置；以连通砂体为主要运移通道的油气藏常形成于距烃源层较近或相邻的层位；以不整合面作为运移通道往往可使油气长距离运移形成各种地层油气藏。沾化凹陷南斜坡的油气藏都是油气经过两种或多种输导层阶梯式运移而形成的。砂体、断层和不整合面组成的输导系统的末端和边缘是油气运移的重要指向区。     

Thermal and mechanical properties of epoxy composites reinforced by a natural hydrophobic sand

If a low weight percentage of crude fine fillers can improve properties of polymer materials directly without complicated chemical treatment process involved, it will be significant for many industrial applications. Our previous study indicated that a kind of Cancun natural sand could be an effective filler material for polymer composites. In this current work, the epoxy composites reinforced by this kind of natural sand particles were prepared and thermal and mechanical properties of the composites containing up to 5 wt % of the sand particles were characterized. Results showed that the highest flexural strength appears in the epoxy composite containing 1 wt % sand particles. A damage model was used to interpret the flexural properties, which showed an acceptable agreement with the experimental results. The glass transition temperature, high temperature storage modulus, and dimensional stability of the sand/epoxy composites monotonically increased with the addition of the sand particles. The sand particle/epoxy composites also displayed a noticeable enhancement in thermal conductivity. Theoretical analysis showed that in addition to conduction, other heat transport mechanisms played roles in the improved heat transmission through the composites. As a natural porous micron-scale material, Cancun sand has the potential for applications in cost-effective composites with enhanced mechanical and thermal properties. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008     

铸造湿型小件缺陷产生的原因与控制

通过对铸造湿型小件产品缺陷典型实例的原因分析，从型砂的选择及配制、造型工艺、浇注工艺等方面提出控制缺陷产生的工艺方法。     

浅议砂桩施工

介绍了某轻亚粘土地基做砂桩处理的实例，详细阐述了砂桩的设计和施工工艺，总结了施工方面的建议和意见成功地完成了该工程的砂桩施工。     

斜井前置液加砂技术现场应用

中原油田斜井(井斜20°)水力压裂过程中易产生多裂缝和存在严重弯曲摩阻,常出现早期脱砂现象。油、气井压裂后初期产量高,但递减快,稳产时间短(100d),累积产量少。针对这些问题研究了前置液加砂技术,现场应用结果表明,前置液中加入粉砂能有效控制压裂液滤失,降低储层伤害,实现裂缝深穿透,而且粉砂能支撑微裂缝,提高压裂效果;前置液加中砂能有效降低裂缝弯曲摩阻,提高施工成功率。应用该技术,中原油田斜井压裂成功率由初期的50%提高到95%以上,有效率88%,有效期延长了50d以上,应用效果显著。     

孤东油田稠油开采配套技术及应用

孤东稠油油藏具有油层埋藏浅，泥质粘土含理高，油层岩石胶结疏松等特点，粘度分布范围宽，开采过程中出砂严重，断块分布零散，开采难度大，结合稠油油藏特点和开采中存在的难点，综合配套油层保护，防砂，降粘和机采等工艺，提高稠开发效果。     

厚沙波沙脊区海底管道用爆破法开沟初探

某区在海上铺设管道,须通过厚沙波沙脊区,采用机械方法施工很困难,应用沉入混凝土管的爆破方法具有投资省,速度快,施工简单的特点。     

合成镁白云石砂的研制与应用

选用优质轻烧白云石、轻烧菱镁石为原料,经干法消化、高温煅烧,制得杂质含量2.66％、体密>3.28g/cm~3的合成镁白云石砂。用合成镁白云石砂制得CaO MgO>97％,总杂质含量2.11％的高纯合成镁白云石砖,在太原钢铁公司AOD炉第一次试用,最高炉令达36炉次。