Extracting hot spots of topics from time-stamped documents

Identifying time periods with a burst of activities related to a topic has been an important problem in analyzing time-stamped documents. In this paper, we propose an approach to extract a hot spot of a given topic in a time-stamped document set. Topics can be basic, containing a simple list of keywords, or complex. Logical relationships such as and, or, and not are used to build complex topics from basic topics. A concept of presence measure of a topic based on fuzzy set theory is introduced to compute the amount of information related to the topic in the document set. Each interval in the time period of the document set is associated with a numeric value which we call the discrepancy score. A high discrepancy score indicates that the documents in the time interval are more focused on the topic than those outside of the time interval. A hot spot of a given topic is defined as a time interval with the highest discrepancy score. We first describe a naive implementation for extracting hot spots. We then construct an algorithm called EHE (Efficient Hot Spot Extraction) using several efficient strategies to improve performance. We also introduce the notion of a topic DAG to facilitate an efficient computation of presence measures of complex topics. The proposed approach is illustrated by several experiments on a subset of the TDT-Pilot Corpus and DBLP conference data set. The experiments show that the proposed EHE algorithm significantly outperforms the naive one, and the extracted hot spots of given topics are meaningful.     

漓江风景名胜区沿岸乡镇污水处理与排放方案

在综合考虑漓江风景名胜区沿岸乡镇污水特性、污水排放要求、受纳水体景观影响和经济技术因素的基础上,从污水收集方式、处理规模、处理工艺、出水标准等方面,构建景区沿岸乡镇污水处理方案,并提出乡镇小片区和大片区污水处理方案的主要工艺流程及技术指标。研究表明：乡镇小片区污水处理宜采用高效地埋无动力生物反应器处理系统,乡镇大片区污水处理宜采用一体化A/O生物反应器处理系统,并根据乡镇环境特征和景观要求设计景观塘排放和污水扩散器排放等排放方式。     

漓江流域沿岸风光带植被覆盖度的遥感动态监测与估算

以1990、2008年TM影像和2001年ETM＋影像为数据源,研究漓江精华段沿岸风光带植被覆盖度的动态变化规律,采用归一化植被指数（NDVI）像元二分模型,半定量估算了研究区的植被覆盖度,生成了不同时相的植被覆盖度等级图及面积转移矩阵,并结合植被覆盖度的监测结果对研究区植被覆盖度的变化趋势进行建模分析.结果表明,研究区1990、2001和2008年均以高植被覆盖度等级为主,估算的面积分别为207.058、216.538和232.795 km2.1990-2008年间,研究区内植被覆盖度稳定不变的区域占总面积的44.887％,减少和增加的区域分别占总面积的22.077％和33.036％,说明植被覆盖度总体上呈现增加的趋势;结合1990-2001年和2001-2008年的变化分析结果,植被覆盖度变化趋势是先略微增加,后显著增加,与植被覆盖度均值走势一致,从定量遥感的角度证明了漓江精华段沿岸风光带的绿色生态环境得到了快速的改善.     

小浪底景区旅游市场实证研究

文章以小浪底景区的客源市场问卷调查所获取的信息为依据,对小浪底景区的旅游市场进行实证研究。结果表明其游客以近程居民为主,景区旅游吸引力不足,游客对旅游商品的购买力有限,旅游动机单一,停留时间短暂,对景区的形象认知模糊,提出监须通过产品升级、形象突破、营销创新等方式改变现状的结论。     

泰州市环城河风景区规划中交通策略

根据泰州市环城河现状和核心路网规划,致力于环城河风景区规划中交通策略为城市交通景观规划提供了综合的解决思路,使交通问题与景观需要同时得到妥善处置.运用城市交通学相关知识,阐述了城市道路性质、密度、宽度设置之间的相互关系,得出环城河景观规划中相关交通设施的设置原则的结论.     

W-Cu材料的显微结构对电弧阴极斑点的影响

采用扫描电子显微镜观察了W-Cu复合电弧阴极材料首击穿后的表面形貌,研究了复合阴极材料微观结构对阴极烧蚀形貌和阴极斑点运动的影响。结果显示:纳米材料的阴极斑点分布在较为分散的面上,而且阴极表面烧蚀比较轻微,而常规材料的阴极斑点局域在个别点上,阴极表面烧蚀比较严重。分析表明:这是由于不同微观结构的W-Cu复合材料中的相界所占比例不同,阴极表面上相邻相界之间的平均距离不同,引起阴极表面的阴极斑点运动的难易程度不同,从而导致不同的烧蚀形貌。     

Improvement of Heater Surface Flatness and Uniformity of TiN Film Deposition

The deposition rate and the thickness uniformity of chemical vapor deposition (CVD) titanium nitride films depend on wafer temperatures. The heater surface conditions, such as flatness, roughness, and surface imperfections, can greatly affect heat transfer efficiency from the heater surface to the wafer, and the process performance. Because heater surface imperfections or “hot spots” that caused poor uniformity had to be eliminated, the origin of “hot spots” was identified by a detailed study of heater surface profiles. A better visualization of “hot spots” could be obtained by comparing wafer-chucking patterns with deposition patterns. Thus, the time needed to locate “hot spots” could be shortened. The manufacturing process was revised to prevent “hot spots” and improve heater performance.     

论云阳张飞庙景区规划中“历史场所感”的营造

云阳张飞庙正在失去原有灵秀气韵,规划中周边环境塑造没有契合其历史环境的定位。片面的想将景区做大做强,方式急切粗暴。现行法规中的＂紫线＂仅仅能保护文物建筑本身,要真正体现历史景区的价值是远远不够的,＂历史画面感＂的营造或是理想的规划切入点。文章立足当代,讨论以更加尊重历史和自然的方式来实现景区价值。     

基于组播信号的数字电视字幕插播方案

随着数字电视整体转换的推进,电视节目的数字化播出信号源发生了变化,特别是数字前端平台IP组播的应用,字幕插播系统需要重新规划设计。介绍了基于组播信号的数字电视字幕插播系统的内涵、系统结构和工作流程,详细描述各个部分的设备功能和调试配置,整体构成基于组播信号的数字电视字幕插播系统方案。     

The geographic concentration of housing vouchers,Blacks, and poverty over time: a study of Cincinnati,Ohio, USA

Using data from the US Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) concerning Housing Choice Voucher (HCV, formerly called Section 8) recipients, the authors provide a spatial analysis in Cincinnati, Ohio, USA. ‘Hot spot’ analysis is utilized to detect areas with significant densities of voucher recipients compared with the surrounding environs. Results show that the implementation of Cincinnati's HCV program between 2000 and 2005 in conjunction with public housing transformation has not led to a greater dispersion of voucher recipients and either poverty or racial deconcentration. Many HCV households remain concentrated in hot spots. The implications for US low-income housing policy are discussed.