超高面板堆石坝设计原则探讨

目前超高面板坝比较普遍地出现了面板沿垂直缝挤压破坏、顶部水平弯曲裂缝和水平拉伸裂缝等结构性破坏,为了防止这些事故的发生,探讨提出了超高面板坝设计原则。设计原则主要包括主堆石区压缩模量、主堆石区宽度、主次堆石压缩模量比、水库蓄水计划、设置堆石预沉降时间、分区堆石颗粒级配和面板设计等几个方面。     

泥石流泥沙输移比的概念与计算方法探讨

通过泥石流SDR,可将泥石流流域侵蚀产沙、泥沙输移及泥石流沟道和入汇处主河河床演化有机地联系起来,用于推求流域的土壤侵蚀量,泥石流沟道的冲刷与淤积状况,泥石流所输送的泥沙进入主河的数量,以及对下游河道演变、水库使用年限的影响程度等方面。但目前泥石流SDR的研究还没有开始,在分析泥石流输沙特征的基础上,将SDR引入泥石流输沙的研究中,并将泥石流SDR分解为反映泥石流沟输沙能力的沟道泥石流SDR和反映主河输移泥石流泥沙能力的汇口泥石流SDR两个环节。给出了根据定义使用实际的监测数据计算两类泥石流SDR的具体方法,并在蒋家沟中实施,计算出蒋家沟2007年的一场泥石流过程中沟道SDR为0.14,入汇主河后的悬移质汇口泥石流SDR为0.36。泥石流SDR的模型计算法方面也根据定性分析列出了可能的影响因子,在总结河流SDR的研究成果和分析泥石流输沙特性的基础上进行了模型建立方法的初步探讨。     

Highly accurate SNR measurement using the covariance of two SEM images with the identical view

Quality of an SEM image is strongly influenced by the extent of noise. As a well-known method in the field of SEM, the covariance is applied to measure the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). This method has potential ability for highly accurate measurement of the SNR, which is hardly known until now. If the precautions discussed in this article are adopted, that method can demonstrate its real ability. These precautions are strongly related to "proper acquisition of two images with the identical view," "alignment of an aperture diaphragm," "reduction of charging phenomena," "elimination of particular noises," and "accurate focusing," As necessary, characteristics in SEM signal and noise are investigated from a few standpoints. When using the maximum performance of this measurement, SNR of many SEM images obtained in a variety of the SEM operating conditions and specimens can be measured accurately.     

Kidney injury and cell therapy: Preclinical study

The aim of this study is to show histological and immunofluorescence analysis of renal parenchyma of agoutis affected by gentamicin‐induced renal disease after the infusion of bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMMC) stained with Hoechst®. Nine agouti's males were divided into three groups: Test group (TG): renal disease by gentamicin induced (n = 3), cell therapy group (CTG): renal disease by gentamicin induced and BMMC infusion (n = 3), and control group (CG): nonrenal disease and BMMC infusion (n = 3). TG and CTG were submitted to the protocol of renal disease induction using weekly application of gentamicin sulfate for 4 months. CG and CTG received a 1 × 108 BMMC stained with Hoechst and were euthanized for kidney examination 21 days after BMMC injection and samples were collected for histology and immunofluorescence analysis. Histological analysis demonstrated typical interstitial lesions in kidney similarly to human disease, as tubular necrosis, glomerular destruction, atrophy tubular, fibrotic areas, and collagen deposition. We conclude that histological analysis suggest a positive application of agouti's as a model for a gentamicin inducing of kidney disease, beyond the immunofluorescence analysis suggest a significant migration of BMMC to sites of renal injury in CTG. Microsc. Res. Tech., 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

湿度扩散诱发的节理岩体时效变形特性研究

湿度对岩体结构性能的影响显著,不仅造成岩体物理力学性能弱化,还在一定程度上产生湿涨变形,进而改变岩体的应力状态,大大增强岩体的时效变形特性。为了分析节理岩体在高湿度环境下的时效变形,采用湿度-应力-损伤耦合数值模型对水敏感岩体隧洞开挖后的变形量、围岩内的湿度扩散,以及应力演化进行了数值分析。通过对单组和2组节理岩体的变形、应力、湿度扩散的分析,揭示了节理弱面对湿度扩散和岩体变形的强化作用。开挖隧洞拱顶和底板变形量的分析结果表明高湿度环境是水敏感岩体隧洞产生底鼓的重要原因之一。湿度扩散引起隧洞顶部和底部围岩产生大量破坏,致使相应部位的位移量陡增。此外,单组节理对岩体的湿度扩散的方向起到明显的导向作用,而多组相互斜交的节理则在一定程度上削弱了湿度扩散的各向异性。     

反舰导弹航路规划的OACRR-PSO算法

为了提高反舰导弹航路规划算法的搜素效率,从几何学角度对航路规划空间进行了研究,在将功能区域概念融入 逆向航路规划的过程中发现了功能区域的几何学渐变规律,据此提出功能区域簇作为其物理载体.将功能区域簇引入粒子群优化(Particle swarm optimization, PSO)算法,提出了功能区域簇实时约束(Operational area cluster real-time restriction, OACRR)的PSO算法(OACRR-PSO).为了便于表示功能区域簇,采用航路极坐标编码方式.与传统的PSO算法不同的是,考虑到 粒子中分量之间的关联性,该算法在优化过程中并不是对粒子的整个速度分量同时进行更新,而是引入一种分步递归进化 策略对粒子的分量逐步进行更新.在粒子的更新过程中,使用功能区域簇来实时限定粒子位置分量的准确更新范围,使得 算法搜索空间逐步减小,从而加速算法收敛.仿真实验结果表明,分步递归进化策略能够非常显著地提高算法的全局搜索 性能,并且算法收敛速度快、稳定性好.     

机载电缆作战损毁后智能化诊断系统

从技战术实际需要出发,给出了某型飞机作战损毁后机载电缆的智能化诊断系统的硬件结构框图。根据硬件系统模拟开关组件的原理,定义了电缆的连接矩阵、测量矩阵以及断口的映像矩阵运算,给出了断头查找的算法。计算表明,系统可在20 min内完成一个循环的断头查找并给出故障定位。     

基于G-L理论的混凝土损伤相变协同分析

基于Ginzburg-Landau相变理论,在连续介质力学与唯象理论的框架内,利用协同学系统相变类比的思想,提出了一种新的研究混凝土损伤相变的思路,即将超导相变的Ginzburg-Landau理论类比到混凝土损伤相变过程中来,并且取得了良好的研究成果.首先推导出了混凝土损伤相变的本构模型表达式,并计算出了损伤模型的线性解和非线性解及其相关函数,然后用大型数值模拟软件RFPA进行模拟验算,验证了该研究成果的正确性.     

脱胶工艺对不同段棉秆皮纤维性能的影响

定量测定棉秆皮各段成分含量,并采用化学二煮法脱胶方法对棉秆皮进行分段脱胶.以棉秆皮纤维细度、残胶率、断裂强度为指标,研究脱胶处理对提取的不同段棉秆皮纤维性能的影响.结果表明,在同一脱胶工艺条件下,不同段棉杆皮纤维的细度、残胶率、断裂强度有较大差异,棉秆皮应采用分段脱胶处理.合理的棉秆皮脱胶分段方案为：第一段根部,地表以下部分;第二段中段,地表以上长度25cm;第三段稍部,地表以上长度大于25cm.     

ClO_2预氧化处理联苯胺生产废水的研究

采用ClO2氧化法对联苯胺生产废水进行预处理,运行结果表明：当进水的COD及联苯胺平均分别为1646mg/L和38.3 mg/L时,出水平均分别为95.8 mg/L和0.603 mg/L,出水优于GB8978-1996中的一级排放标准,处理效果稳定。