水上地震折射互换法误差分析

在理论上，用源检互换的方法进行折射地震勘探是没有误差的，在某些特殊条件下无法铺设检波器而又必须进行折射地震勘探时它也是唯一的选择，然而，在实际工作中，由于各种因素的影响，其误差是不可忽略的。为此，本文从地震折射运动学的角度对水上地震折射互换法因过河钢丝绳的重量、水的流速和流向、炮点深度等客观因素造成的解释误差进行了分析，揭示了水上地震折射互换法应注意的问题。这对水上地震折射互换法的资料解释进行误差校正提供了理论基础。     

Automatic Channel Detection Using DNN on 2D Seismic Data

Geologists interpret seismic data to understand subsurface properties and subsequently to locate underground hydrocarbon resources. Channels are among the most important geological features interpreters analyze to locate petroleum reservoirs. However, manual channel picking is both time consuming and tedious. Moreover, similar to any other process dependent on human intervention, manual channel picking is error prone and inconsistent. To address these issues, automatic channel detection is both necessary and important for efficient and accurate seismic interpretation. Modern systems make use of real-time image processing techniques for different tasks. Automatic channel detection is a combination of different mathematical methods in digital image processing that can identify streaks within the images called channels that are important to the oil companies. In this paper, we propose an innovative automatic channel detection algorithm based on machine learning techniques. The new algorithm can identify channels in seismic data/images fully automatically and tremendously increases the efficiency and accuracy of the interpretation process. The algorithm uses deep neural network to train the classifier with both the channel and non-channel patches. We provide a field data example to demonstrate the performance of the new algorithm. The training phase gave a maximum accuracy of 84.6% for the classifier and it performed even better in the testing phase, giving a maximum accuracy of 90%.     

Qt在EQT格式地震日志转换中的应用

主要讨论了基于Qt的地震日志格式转换软件的设计及其实现方法。     

全变分原理在地震数据去噪中的应用

地震图像资料的解释和后续处理中的重点环节是如何有效地降除地震资料记录中的噪声。高效的地震资料降噪算法在较好降除噪声的同时可以将图像的边缘信息予以较好的保留。论文首先全面地介绍了全变分去噪模型,同时详细介绍了参数的选取方法,最后进行实验和模型验证。结合小波阈值降噪方法进行比较,实验结果表明全变分降噪方法在很好地消除地震信号图像中的噪声,大面积提高信号剖面质量的同时,可以有效提高地震资料的信噪比。     

型钢翼缘狗骨式削弱在型钢混凝土节点的作用

为了防止地震时型钢混凝土节点核心区发生剪切破坏以及梁柱连接焊缝发生脆性断裂,提出对型钢混凝土节点核心区附近梁端型钢的上、下翼缘采取狗骨式削弱,并系统研究翼缘削弱对提高型钢混凝土节点抗震性能的作用.研究表明,由于在梁端型钢翼缘采取狗骨式削弱,不仅能够将塑性铰控制在梁型钢削弱的位置,从而有效地降低了节点核心区所受的剪力以及梁柱连接焊缝的应力;而且能够改善节点塑性铰区的转动能力和抗剪性能,提高节点的延性和耗能能力.     

K8型单层球面网壳支座减震

为了对跨度为60 m的K8型单层球面网壳进行了减震分析,分别将结构的支座设置成弹性支座和弹性阻尼支座,对结构进行减震控制.结合对结构在有控和无控状态下自振特性的分析,阐述了单层球面网壳结构的减震控制原理.在常遇地震作用下,得到网壳结构的最大水平位移、减震支座的最大水平位移、最大支座反力和最大杆件内力.通过改变支座的刚度和阻尼系数,对两种减震方案的减震效果进行比较.研究结果表明:两种减震装置均有效地控制了K8型单层球面网壳结构的支座反力,弹性阻尼支座还可以明显地降低减震支座的水平位移.     

储罐地震易损性数值仿真分析

为了研究储罐的抗震性能,忽略储罐罐壁的质量,将储罐中的液体质量简化为三质点体系模型,地基土由两个弹簧和两个阻尼器模拟.考虑罐体的平动和转动,建立了在水平地震激励下储罐的动力方程;给出了随机变量的概率模型和基于易损性理论的失效概率计算方法.通过对大庆某油库2×104 m3和5×104m3两种大型储罐进行数值仿真方法的地震易损性分析.结果表明:随着地震烈度的增大,储罐的易损性逐渐增大;5×104 m3储罐的抗震性能要好于2×104 m3储罐;2×104 m3和5×104 m3储罐的主要失效模式分别是抗失稳和抗提离.由此可见从多个失效模式对储罐进行地震易损性研究比从单一失效模式进行易损性研究更加科学.     

Connecting parameters optimization on unsymmetrical twin-tower structure linked by sky-bridge

Based on a simplified 3-DOF model of twin-tower structure linked by a sky-bridge, the frequency response functions, the displacement power spectral density （PSD） functions, and the time-averaged total vibration energy were derived, by assuming the white noise as the earthquake excitation. The effects of connecting parameters, such as linking stiffness ratio and linking damping ratio, on the structural vibration responses were then studied, and the optimal connecting parameters were obtained to minimize the vibration energy of either the independent monomer tower or the integral structure. The influences of sky-bridge elevation position on the optimal connecting parameters were also discussed. Finally, the distribution characteristics of the top displacement PSD and the structural responses, excited by El Centro, Taft and artificial waves, were compared in both frequency and time domain. It is found that the connecting parameters at either end of connection interactively affect the responses of the towers. The optimal connecting parameters can greatly improve the damping connections on their seismic reduction effectiveness, but are unable to reduce the seismic responses of the towers to the best extent simultaneously. It is also indicated that the optimal connecting parameters derived from the simplified 3-DOF model are applicable for two multi-story structures linked by a sky-bridge with dampers. The seismic reduction effectiveness obtained varies from 0.3 to 1.0 with different sky-bridge mass ratio. The displacement responses of the example structures are reduced by approximately 22% with sky-bridge connections.     

基于“投资-效益”准则的RC桥墩全寿命总费用

基于性能的抗震设计于20世纪90年代兴起以来,目前在土木建筑方面的文献较多,但是关于桥梁的研究成果较少。采用五级钢筋混凝土桥墩结构性能水平,以钢筋混凝土桥墩墩顶位移角为量化指标,建立了钢筋混凝土桥墩性能水平与钢筋混凝土桥墩位移角限值之间一一对应的关系。将地震危险性分析与最优设防烈度结合起来,建立基于投资-效益准则的RC桥墩全寿命总造价计算的通用框架。     

层状淤沙对混凝土重力坝地震响应的影响分析

本文研究了不同厚度淤沙对混凝土重力坝地震响应的影响以及一定厚度层状淤沙的不同分布形式对混凝土重力坝的地震响应的影响。基于饱和多孔液固两相介质的压力波动方程,设层状淤沙各层厚度不同,将层状淤沙分为三种不同分布形式,在每种分布形式每层的物理参数相同和物理参数不同两种情况下,确定了淤沙对混凝土重力坝地震响应的影响大小。通过算例分析表明,相同物理性质不同的分布形式对地震响应的影响不显著,而不同的分布形式对坝体的地震响应影响较大。