基于层次分析法和模糊评价的城市燃气管网安全研究

本文结合层次分析法与模糊评价法对城市燃气管网的安全因素进行了综合评价．结合具体例子说明此评价方法的有效性与可行性．     

冷弯薄壁型钢复合墙体的抗震性能研究

本文使用大型通用有限元软件ABAQUS研究冷弯薄壁型钢复合墙体的抗震性能,分析高宽比、墙体的水平拉筋等参数对冷弯薄壁型钢复合墙体抗震性能的影响.研究表明:随着冷弯薄壁型钢墙体的高宽比增加,墙体的抗剪承载能力逐渐降低,但墙体的变形能力逐渐增强.墙体的水平拉筋可以增强墙体的整体性能,当拉筋间距较小时,可有效提高墙体的延性,随着水平拉结筋间距增大,墙体的抗剪承载力逐渐降低,屈服荷载和极限荷载也随之降低.     

填充墙对框架结构抗震性能的影响

针对汶川地震中框架填充墙结构的震害状况,现行2010版《建筑抗震设计规范》较2001版相比,对填充墙的重要性认识提高了一个层次,但填充墙对框架结构抗震性能的影响在规范中仍无具体的定量说明．文章分析了填充墙对框架结构抗震性能的影响,并提出了现阶段对填充墙设计和研究的两点建议：一方面填充墙框架结构的抗震设计应继续重视“概念设计”的思想;另一方面从“基于性能的结构抗震设计”的理念出发,提出了区别对待填充墙的研究思路．     

扩建变电站调试工作的安全风险分析与控制

随着电网建设的快速发展,运行变电站扩建现象越来越普遍,调试工作作为扩建工程项目的重要内容,其安全风险的分析与控制逐渐成为重要问题,文章主要从技术角度分析了变电站扩建工作过程中常见的调试工作安全风险,提出了风险控制措施,最后总结了调试工作安全风险控制的几点体会。     

基于贝叶斯网络的高速列车碰撞风险评价

碰撞事故已成为影响高速列车运营安全的重要因素,采用科学方法对安全风险进行有效的预测与评估具有重要意义.从组织、人因错误的角度出发,利用贝叶斯网络构建了碰撞事故的致因关系.参考专家知识,基于风险发生概率语言变量量化基本事件的条件概率,构建条件概率表,利用GeNIe软件进行了概率推理和风险因素灵敏度分析,定量评估了列车碰撞的风险,找出了影响最突出的风险因素.通过案例研究表明,贝叶斯网络对于高速列车运营安全风险预测是可行的,计算得到的风险概率不仅指出了重要的影响因素,也反映了高速列车系统目前的安全状况.     

Energy flux characteristics of seismic waves at the interface between soil layers with different saturations

Based on the multiphase poroelasticity theory describing the propagation of waves in the unsaturated fluid-saturated porous medium, the reflection and transmission coefficients of the seismic waves at the interface between soil layers with different saturations are obtained. Our unsaturated model consists of a deformable skeleton in which two compressible and viscous fluids (i.e., water and gas) flow in the interstices. Three compressional waves (i.e., P1, P2, and P3 waves) and one shear (i.e., S wave) wave exist in the unsaturated soils. The expressions for the energy ratios of the various reflected and transmitted waves at the interface during the transmission and reflection processes are presented in explicit forms accordingly. At last, numerical computations are performed and the results obtained are respectively depicted graphically. The variation of the energy ratios with the incident angle, wave frequency and saturation degrees of the upper and lower soil layers is illustrated in detail. The calculation results show that the allocation of incident seismic waves at the interface is influenced not only by the angle and frequency of the incident seismic waves, but also by the saturations of the upper and lower soil layers. It is also verified that, at the interface, the sum of energy ratios of the reflected and transmitted waves is approximately equal to unity as was expected. This study is of importance to several fields such as geotechnical engineering, seismology, and geophysics.     

Development and performance evaluation of an innovative low-cost seismic isolator

This paper proposes an innovative low-cost isolator with lightweight and cost-effective features for use in low-rise residential buildings.The low-cost laminated isolator is formed by plastic shims with unsaturated polyester fiber reinforcement between rubber layers.Performance tests are systematically carried out to characterize the isolator in terms of mechanic behavior(e.g.,compression,shear,and their relationship),dynamic properties(e.g.,damping),and ultimate states.A design guideline and associated criteria of the low-cost isolator are also provided and discussed in this study.To investigate more detailed behavior,a finite element model of the isolator is developed in ABAQUS and calibrated by the experimental data.The research presented in this paper makes significant contributions to the evaluation of the peak stress and strain demands on isolator’s components and provides technical support for the design and manufacturing of this new type of isolator.     

钢桁架连梁-联肢剪力墙耗能机理及抗震性能试验研究

对设置全钢桁架连梁和设置钢筋混凝土、钢桁架混合连梁的双层联肢剪力墙平面结构进行了拟动力试验和低周反复荷载试验,研究了不同工况地震波作用下剪力墙的时程响应,以及其破坏机理、承载力、滞回延性性能、耗能机理、刚度及强度退化机理。试验结果表明：全部设置钢桁架连梁的剪力墙的刚度分布合理,耗能机理及刚度强度退化机理符合联肢剪力墙抗震设计的要求。大震时,在保证较高耗能能力的同时能够维持较高的承载力和刚度,持续约束墙肢,抗震性能优于混凝土连梁联肢剪力墙体系,是一种较理想的连梁设置方案。     

基于MRD与LRB混合控制的隔震连续梁桥地震响应

为了研究磁流变阻尼器(MRD)与铅芯橡胶支座(LRB)混合控制对桥梁结构地震响应及隔震效果的影响,以典型三跨连续梁桥为背景,采用平行板模型模拟MRD的本构关系,采用Bouc-Wen模型模拟LRB的力-位移非线性行为,通过对结构的离散建立无控制、LRB单独控制、MRD与LRB混合控制的多种控制工况有限元计算模型,运用有限单元方法建立系统的动力特性矩阵,并采用瞬时最优控制算法对其进行了非线性时程对比分析.分析结果表明:采用MRD与LRB混合控制工况与LRB单独控制工况相比,前者的结构地震响应明显降低,隔震效果得到明显提高;在桥墩、桥台处均安装MRD与仅在桥墩或桥台处安装MRD的LRB隔震桥梁相比,前者对结构地震响应的控制效果更好.     

震后可恢复功能的预应力钢结构体系研究展望

作者从震后可恢复功能的钢框架体系、钢框架-中心支撑体系、钢柱脚、钢支撑、钢板剪力墙等5个方面对国内外研究现状进行综述与分析,指出了震后可恢复功能的预应力钢结构需要进一步深入研究的结构体系、构件和节点构造等关键问题.