基于模板法制备两亲性Janus纳米粒子及其应用进展

Janus粒子是同一粒子中含有两种不同化学组成的非对称结构,其中两亲性Janus粒子是在对立面分别含有亲水基、疏水基两种不同化学基团,作为一种新型纳米材料受到广泛的关注。该文综述了模板法制备不对称结构的两亲性Janus粒子以及其应用领域,包括硬模板法、软模板法、牺牲模板法以及无模板法;综述了两亲性Janus粒子在表面活性剂、牙科粘合剂、微胶囊、功能涂层、催化剂以及生物传感器等方面的研究进展。     

聚乙二醇重氮树脂在聚乙烯膜材料表面的自组装及亲水改性

用铬酸氧化法在聚乙烯薄膜的表面引入了羧基阴离子,合成了端基阳离子性的聚乙二醇重氮树脂,用静电自组装并辅以紫外光照射的方法,在聚乙烯薄膜的表面引入了共价键连接的聚乙二醇分子链.用紫外-可见分光光度法研究了重氮树脂及其静电自组装体系的光分解性质,得到重氮基团的分解速率常数kd=0.021 4 s-1.红外分析表明,紫外光照射后聚乙烯薄膜表面连接的聚乙二醇分子链可耐DMF-ZnC l2-H2O三元极性溶剂的刻蚀.由于在聚乙烯薄膜的表面引入了亲水性的聚乙二醇分子链,其表面接触角从改性前的104°降至48°.     

刚柔嵌段共聚物聚苯基喹啉-b-聚苯乙烯的合成

利用原子转移自由基聚合合成了端羧基聚苯乙烯,然后与4-氨基苯乙酮反应,生成末端为乙酰基的聚合物,以P2O5为催化剂,将功能化的聚合物与5-乙酰基-2-氨基二苯甲酮共聚,合成出刚柔嵌段共聚物聚苯基喹啉-b-聚苯乙烯(PPO-b-PS),用红外光谱(IR)、氢核磁共振(1HNMR)和热重分析(TGA)对其结构和性能进行了表征,并在三氟乙酸／二氯甲烷混合溶剂中进行了初步的自组装研究。     

高热稳定性二阶非线性光学自组装薄膜的制备研究

采用偶氮型聚阴离子PAZO与感光型聚阳离子重氮树脂DR进行层层静电自组装,制备非线性光学薄膜,并采用紫外可见光谱跟踪成膜过程。经过紫外光照,层间的静电相互作用转化为共价键连接而形成稳定的多层膜。对制备的DR/PAZO多层组装膜进行的二阶非线性光学性质、热稳定性及抗溶剂刻蚀能力的研究表明,膜层具有较明显的SHG信号,同时曝光后的膜层比未经曝光的膜层表现出了更好的热稳定性和抗溶剂稳定性。     

Preparation of Self-Standing, Submillimeter-Thick Porous Titania Films with Anatase Nanocrystallites Using Evaporation-Induced Self-Assembly

Self-standing transparent submillimeter-thick (∼0.34 mm) mesoporous titania films were prepared using the evaporation-induced self-assembly (EISA) of a triblock copolymer template and titanium tetraethoxide. Performing EISA at low temperature and low humidity improved the transparency and continuity of the films. As synthesized films had a well-defined hexagonal mesostructure and the existence of both amorphous titania and anatase nanocrystallites (2 nm) was confirmed. The films that were calcined at 400°C were composed of anatase nanocrystallites (14–16 nm) and had a BET surface area of 90 m² g⁻¹ with 13-nm pores. The films were characterized using XRD, FE-SEM, TEM, and N² adsorption–desorption measurements. An erratum to this article can be found at     

氢键自组装侧链液晶聚合物的制备及性能

为了获得氢键自组装液晶聚合物,制备了两种单体M1和M2,通过调节单体M1和M2的摩尔比,利用氢键自组装方法制备得到了一系列侧链液晶聚合物.利用红外光谱仪(FTIR)、差示扫描量热仪(DSC)和偏光显微镜(POM)测试了氢键自组装侧链液晶聚合物的液晶性能.结果表明,P3和P5液晶聚合物在2 510 cm-1和1 920 cm-1处出现了氢键的吸收峰,而P3、P4和P5液晶聚合物均具有两个熔融吸收峰.P1~P5液晶聚合物具有Grandjean织构,为典型的胆甾相;P6液晶聚合物具有明显的球形织构,为典型的向列相.     

纳米自组装大孔催化剂对催化裂化柴油的加氢催化性能

采用二次纳米自组装方法制备出具有大孔道的催化剂0106、1227,两种纳米自组装催化剂在30～100 nm孔径分布分别占11％、28％。纳米自组装催化剂具有低堆积密度和高金属含量等特点。在10 mL固定床微型反应器中,以镇海炼化的催化裂化柴油为原料,在温度360℃、压力7 M Pa、氢油体积比为600∶1、体积空速为1．5 h-1条件下,考察了两种纳米自组装催化剂的初活性评价,并与现有工业催化剂作对比。结果表明,两种纳米自组装催化剂0106、1227可使催化裂化柴油的含硫质量分数从12400μg/g分别最低降到483、283μg/g ,最高脱硫率分别为96．10％、97．71％;将含氮质量分数从1507μg/g分别最低降到35．7、14．0μg/g ,最高脱氮率分别为97．63％和99.00％;其最高芳烃饱和率分别为67．99％和68．88％;而参比催化剂仅可使催化裂化柴油的含硫质量分数从12400μg/g最低降到537μg/g ,最高脱硫率为94．57％;将含氮质量分数从1507μg/g最低降到64．6μg/g ,最高脱氮率为95．54％;其最高芳烃饱和率为65．65％。     

基于 DNA 自组装的全错位排列问题模型

针对全错位排列这类NP 完全问题,提出了一种基于DNA 自组装的全错位排列问题计算模型。该模型利用了DNA分子间的自组装能力,在具体操作时只用到凝胶电泳技术,在一定程度上减少了实验误差。     

Self-assembly of telechelic polymers bearing adamantane groups via host-guest inclusion complexes with cyclodextrin polymer

Self-assembly and supramolecular inclusion complexations between telechelic polymers bearing one or double adamantane groups and linear poly(β-cyclodextrin) (P(β-CD)) were investigated in water. An adamantane (Ada) attached to poly (acrylic acid) (PAA) was prepared by reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer polymerization using s-1-dodecyl-s″ -(α,α′-dimethyl-α″-acetic acid) trithio-carbonate functionalized Ada with tert-butyl acrylate, followed by functional modification. Additionally, two Ada groups capped triblock copolymer F127 were obtained via an esterification reaction. The dynamic light scattering, transmission electron microscope and ¹H 2D NOSEY NMR spectroscopy were conducted to characterize the self-assembly behaviors. With the inclusion complexation of Ada/CD in 1:1 M ratio in water, the spherical micelles were enlarged at 25°C than that of the adamantyl polymer precursors. Due to the PPO segment of Ada-F127-Ada, the micelles aggregation showed temperature dependence from 4 to 37°C for precursor and corresponding inclusion complexation; while in Ada-PAA/P(β-CD) system, the hydrodynamic diameters decreased with pH decreasing.     

An investigation of the synergistic effect between magnetite nanoparticles and polypyrrole in nanostructured layer-by-layer films

In this paper, we report the controlled fabrication of layer-by-layer (LbL) films deposited on gold substrates with three different supramolecular architectures using polypyrrole (Ppy) and magnetite nanoparticles (Fe₃O₄-np), besides conventional poly(allylamine hydrochloride) (PAH) e poly(vinyl sulfonic acid) (PVS) polyelectrolytes, demonstrating the synergistic effect between Ppy and Fe₃O₄-np such as a result of their interaction. Modified gold electrodes were analyzed by contact angle (wettability), surface plasmon resonance (SPR), raman spectroscopy, cyclic voltammetry, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The (Fe₃O₄-np/Ppy)₃ architecture was also evaluated by scanning electron microscopy. The modified gold electrodes present more homogeneous covering, higher electron transfer and a decrease of resistance with the incorporation of the nanostructured materials such as Ppy and Fe₃O₄-np forming (Fe₃O₄-np/Ppy)₃ LbL film. The results carried out in this study suggest that the (Fe₃O₄-np/Ppy)₃ LbL film can be applied as a possible electrochemical or optical non-enzymatic sensor for analytical detection.