A calibration method for the energy-integrating function in photovoltaic system monitoring

Solar radiation has an irregularly varying factor due to a basic day and night cycle and climatic conditions. For such conditions a data sampling interval is important to ensure the accuracy of energy monitoring in a photovoltaic system. While treating a system monitoring equipment as a black box. the author has developed the method of calibrating an energy-integrating function. At first for various input waveforms, the relationship between sampling intervals and quasi-integration outputs have been examined by trapezoidal rule. In the numerical simulation the phases of the sampling clock also are considered Then it is concluded that a sampling interval can be inspected through outside observation only by using a rectangular single pulse. By applying the pulse to the energy-integrating process, two kinds of integrated outputs can be obtained for different sampling phases. The calculated difference between both outputs can uniquely give the sampling interval being inspected. Conditions to ensure measuring accuracy are discussed and the validity of this method has been demonstrated experimentally. Practical calibrating procedures also are proposed for the integrating function of PV system monitoring.     

EXTENSION OF THE RELATIONAL DATABASE AND ITS ALGEBRA WITH ROUGH SET TECHNIQUES

This paper describes a database model based on the original rough sets theory. Its rough relations permit the representation of a rough set of tuples not definable in terms of the elementary classes, except through use of lower and upper approximations. The rough relational database model also incorporates indiscernibility in the representation and in all the operators of the rough relational algebra. This indiscernibility is based strictly on equivalence classes which must be defined for every attribute domain. There are several obvious applications for which the rough relational database model can more accurately model an enterprise than does the standard relational model. These include systems involving ambiguous, imprecise, or uncertain data. Retrieval over mismatched domains caused by the merging of one or more applications can be facilitated by the use of indiscernibility, and naive system users can achieve greater recall with the rough relational database. In addition, applications inherently “rough” could be more easily implemented and maintained in the rough relational database.     

基于物联网技术的监狱人员定位可视化管理系统

提出了一种监狱人员定位可视化管理系统的设计和实现方法。该系统基于WLAN的RTLS定位技术,实现对服刑人员、干警、访客等人群的可视化定位管理。文章结合监狱的应用需求,首先给出了系统的总体设计原则;同时在总体原则约束下,对系统功能、总体实现方案、实现框图、应用流程、网络安全等部分进行阐述,给出了标签软硬件设计、定位管理系统的平台选型和软件架构;最后对设计的系统进行了测试。测试结果显示,该可视化定位管理系统的定位精度达到了预期效果。在进一步优化和完善后,即可大规模推广使用。     

A fuzzy hierarchical reinforcement learning based scheduling method for semiconductor wafer manufacturing systems

Scheduling semiconductor wafer manufacturing systems has been viewed as one of the most challenging optimization problems owing to the complicated constraints, and dynamic system environment. This paper proposes a fuzzy hierarchical reinforcement learning (FHRL) approach to schedule a SWFS, which controls the cycle time (CT) of each wafer lot to improve on-time delivery by adjusting the priority of each wafer lot. To cope with the layer correlation and wafer correlation of CT due to the re-entrant process constraint, a hierarchical model is presented with a recurrent reinforcement learning (RL) unit in each layer to control the corresponding sub-CT of each integrated circuit layer. In each RL unit, a fuzzy reward calculator is designed to reduce the impact of uncertainty of expected finishing time caused by the rematching of a lot to a delivery batch. The results demonstrate that the mean deviation (MD) between the actual and expected completion time of wafer lots under the scheduling of the FHRL approach is only about 30 % of the compared methods in the whole SWFS.     

Building a right digital twin with model engineering

In recent years, the concept of digital twin (DT) is attracting more and more attention from researchers and engineers. But there is still no consensus on what a right DT is. On one hand, some common models are renamed as DTs. On the other hand, some DTs extremely pursue ‘the same’ as physical objects, which bring unnecessary complexities to them. In this paper, we try to answer two questions from the point of view of model engineering: how to define a right digital twin, and how to build a right digital twin. The concept and related technologies of model engineering are introduced. Some basic principles and a set of metrics for a right DT are given. An evolutionary concurrent modeling method for DT (ECoM4DT) is proposed not only inheriting the theory from classic M&S methods but also highlighting the characteristics of DT compared with traditional models to systemically guide the DT modeling process.     

A CALPHAD-type Young's modulus database of Ti-rich Ti–Nb–Zr–Mo system

Accurate Young's modulus is the necessity for the design of biomedical Ti alloys. A combinatorial method of the diffusion couple, nanoindentation, electron probe microanalysis (EPMA), and CALculation of PHAse Diagrams (CALPHAD) techniques has been utilized to construct the Young's modulus database of Ti alloys with various compositions in the present work. Two groups of body-centered cubic (bcc) Ti–Nb–Zr–Mo quaternary diffusion couples annealed at 1273 K for 25 h were experimentally prepared. Subsequently, the composition-dependent mechanical properties in the wide compositional range of Ti-based alloys were obtained by using EPMA and nanoindentation probes. Finally, on the basis of the measured Young's moduli in the present and previous work and the modeling parameters of Young's modulus of Ti–Nb–Zr system, the Young's modulus database of bcc Ti–Nb–Zr–Mo system was established through the CALPHAD approach. The CALPHAD-type database of bcc Ti–Nb–Zr–Mo system can provide the accurate Young's moduli of Ti alloys with wide compositions.     

Adenovirus-Mediated Inducible Expression of a PD-L1 Blocking Antibody in Combination with Macrophage Depletion Improves Survival in a Mouse Model of Peritoneal Carcinomatosis

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have demonstrated remarkable efficacy in a growing number of malignancies. However, overcoming primary or secondary resistances is difficult due to pharmacokinetics issues and side effects associated with high systemic exposure. Local or regional expression of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) using gene therapy vectors can alleviate this problem. In this work, we describe a high-capacity adenoviral vector (HCA-EFZP-aPDL1) equipped with a mifepristone-inducible system for the controlled expression of an anti-programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) blocking antibody. The vector was tested in an immune-competent mouse model of colorectal cancer based on implantation of MC38 cells. A single local administration of HCA-EFZP-aPDL1 in subcutaneous lesions led to a significant reduction in tumor growth with minimal release of the antibody in the circulation. When the vector was tested in a more stringent setting (rapidly progressing peritoneal carcinomatosis), the antitumor effect was marginal even in combination with other immune-stimulatory agents such as polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid (pI:C), blocking mAbs for T cell immunoglobulin, mucin-domain containing-3 (TIM-3) or agonistic mAbs for 4-1BB (CD137). In contrast, macrophage depletion by clodronate liposomes enhanced the efficacy of HCA-EFZP-aPDL1. These results highlight the importance of addressing macrophage-associated immunoregulatory mechanisms to overcome resistance to ICIs in the context of colorectal cancer.     

MS900轧机液压锁的故障及分析

针对MS900轧机生产中遇到的问题,重点对因双锁取代单锁、液压锁安装位置错误及配套使用的换向阀型号不符等引发的故障及产生原因进行了分析。     

基于Visual Basic 开发机床主传动非常规变速系统的设计--重复转速的传动系统(实例之二)

本文介绍利用Visual Basic工具开发金属切削机床主传动非常规变速系统的设计总体结构，功能和方法，以重复转速的传动系统为例，重点介绍转速图的拟定过程，本系统具有界面美观，操作方便，易于理解的特点。     

多关节机器人通用体系结构的研究

结合一个五自由度教学工业两用型机器人应用实例，构造出多关节机器人通用体系结构，包括总体原型、机械结构、关节传动链、伺服驱动元件、电气控制系统、关节坐标系及其运动学方程、通信协议和软件设计思路等。通过实际使用表明，本文提出的通用体系结构是实用的、合理的。