Feature extraction of the first difference of EMG time series for EMG pattern recognition

This paper demonstrates the utility of a differencing technique to transform surface EMG signals measured during both static and dynamic contractions such that they become more stationary. The technique was evaluated by three stationarity tests consisting of the variation of two statistical properties, i.e., mean and standard deviation, and the reverse arrangements test. As a result of the proposed technique, the first difference of EMG time series became more stationary compared to the original measured signal. Based on this finding, the performance of time-domain features extracted from raw and transformed EMG was investigated via an EMG classification problem (i.e., eight dynamic motions and four EMG channels) on data from 18 subjects. The results show that the classification accuracies of all features extracted from the transformed signals were higher than features extracted from the original signals for six different classifiers including quadratic discriminant analysis. On average, the proposed differencing technique improved classification accuracies by 2–8%.     

基于差分相关的星载AIS信号帧同步

在星载AIS接收机中,船舶信号在传输过程中产生的大范围时延和多普勒频移,给正确解码带来了困难。针对这一问题,基于AIS帧结构特点,提出一种差分相关帧同步算法。算法中将AIS帧结构中训练序列、开始标志和结束标志设计为间隔式特征序列作为同步码,通过差分相关函数来实现帧同步。仿真实验结果表明,该算法有较好的抗频偏特性,且在低信噪比下,性能要优于差分卷积法。     

电泵井振动监测及传输系统设计

潜油电泵机组是具有超细长转轴的复杂旋转机械,有复杂的生产及安装工艺,且采用了多级离心泵,在生产过程中会产生强大的振动源,测量并分析机组振动状况,是评估潜油电泵机组的运行状况、提高可靠性的重要手段。本文采用MMA3201振动加速度计监测振动状况,并采用4 mA²0 mA电流环将信号传输到井上MCU进行分析处理,根据监测和处理结果,适时提泵检修,采取合理的减振措施,延长潜油电泵的使用寿命。     

滤波技术研究

滤波技术是信号处理,信号分析以及关于信号发展的重要的一个分支,信号的获取、传输以及处理交换都离不开滤波技术。分别介绍了滤波的原理,以及现代滤波、维纳滤波和卡尔曼滤波。最后把重点落脚在基于MATLAB的数字滤波器的设计,分析了最小二乘法,窗函数法以及最优化设计法的原理,分别比较了三种不同方法的区别和差异的所在,并实际利用窗函数法设计了高通滤波器。     

基于TS201的信号处理软件设计

基于TS201处理器的软件优化设计,对于提高运算效率和运行稳定性是非常关键的。结合具体项目和实际工作经验,对如何正确利用TS201处理器的各种资源进行了分析,并提出了优化设计方法。按此方法设计的信号处理软件已成功应用到了某探测系统中,实现了系统提出的各种功能,并满足实时性要求,软件运行稳定,验证了所提方法的正确性。     

无线无源声表面波传感器研究进展

声表面波（SAW）传感器是一种无线无源传感器,在无源传感、适应恶劣环境等许多方面具有普通传感器不能实现的优点.阐述了声表面波器件的原理和结构特点,并对射频信号收发、信息处理等关键技术进行详细论述,综述了近些年国内外的相关研究现状,并进行了总结与展望.     

基于无线疲劳监测系统的铝合金材料疲劳损伤研究

铝合金材料具有重量轻、强度高等特点,是国民经济发展的重要基础材料,在诸多领域(如飞行器设计与制造、建筑装饰等)中占有十分重要的地位。然而,其抗疲劳性能较差,在交变荷载作用下容易产生疲劳裂纹和发生疲劳破坏。提出了一种基于无线疲劳监测系统的铝合金材料疲劳损伤研究方法,实时监测了铝合金构件的疲劳应变,并实时分析了构件的疲劳损伤状况,为研究铝合金材料的疲劳性能提供了可借鉴性的方法。     

不同频率激励信号下土壤水分传感器性能试验

激励信号频率是影响高频电容式土壤水分传感器性能的重要因素。利用去离子水和2—异丙氧基乙醇(2—isoproxyethanol)或二氧六环(dioxane)2种溶液混合,配制了一系列等效土壤体积含水率为0.9%~51.8%的待测介电溶液来替代土样。从与土壤含水率的函数关系、温度变异性2个方面,分别对激励信号频率为40,50,60,70,80,90,100 MHz的7种土壤水分传感器进行了性能测试与分析。结果表明:7种频率的传感器的输出电压均与土壤体积含水率呈线性负相关,其相关系数R2均大于0.94;激励信号频率不影响传感器输出电压的温度变异性,温差是影响温度变异性的主要因素,其最大变异率均小于4%。试验结果可为设计高频电容式土壤水分传感器时选择激励信号频率提供依据。     

The Cerebellum according to the Ouroboros Model,the ＂Interpolator Hypothesis＂

The Ouroboros Model offers a novel cognitive architecture with an algorithmic backbone of iterative and self-referential processing. All memory content is organized into meaningful pieces of data, i.e.,chunks and schemata, which are laid down as a kind of snapshots of all activations at a relevant point in time. This entails a grainy structure of memory content. Whereas a core process of ＂consumption＂ analysis can naturally be defined taking advantage of this parcellation, it necessitates interpolation for fine nuances, especially for the representation of intermediate values during transients. It is argued that, in the vertebrate brain, essential interpolation functionality is provided by the cerebellum. Findings concerning movement control and perception as well as the involvement of the cerebellum in more abstract, cognitive, tasks can be interpreted as reflecting a function of the cerebellum as a co-processor, i.e., a general-purpose interpolator. The cerebellum is thus boosting representations in cerebral cortex areas, which are reciprocally connected with cerebellar cortex areas. In this paper, it is sketched how the new ＂interpolator hypothesis＂ can explain manifold observations, effectively subsuming previous theories of the function of the cerebellum. Directly relating to the BICA challenge, a general-purpose interpolator is postulated as an efficient device providing fine-grained resolution for the representation of diverse content, potentially useful in any cognitive architecture.     

软弱破碎围岩隧道二衬施作的合理时机判别研究

为了合理判别软弱破碎围岩隧道的二衬施作时机,结合工程实践,通过洞室拱顶沉降和边墙变形收敛的现场监控量测,提出了利用围岩-初支系统变形实测数据判别软弱破碎围岩隧道二衬施作合理时机的考虑支护是否保守的五级速率比值法并研发了相应的软件,并通过工程实例进行了成功验证。研究表明：1研制的软件操作具有界面简洁、友好,以及操作简单易用的特点,具有测点围岩-初支系统位移和收敛的现场监测数据的录入、储存、修改和管理等功能,能方便地进行软弱破碎围岩隧道的二衬合理时机判别;2通过工程实例验证分析表明,提出的方法是可行的,与现行的二衬时机选择的方法本质上是相同的,但更加具有可操作性,研究成果可以为同类型隧道的二衬时机选择提供可资借鉴的方法。