SBR工艺污泥膨胀的纠正方法

在对国内外有关资料的研究基础上，介绍了几种应对SBR反应池内污泥膨胀的措施。着重叙述了氯化法和无机合成絮凝剂法的应用注意点及如何定量运用这两种方法，同时给出了相应的工程实例。     

二氧化氯处理油田回注水工艺

针对中原油田回注水中细菌易产生抗药性,难以控制的问题,提出了应用二氧化氯处理油田回注水工艺。经室内评价及现场试验,二氧化氯可杀死回注水中的细菌,控制微生物生长,同时该工艺可降低现有回注水污泥残渣产出量的50%,减少污泥对环境的污染,提高注水水质。     

含油污泥焦化处理实验研究

采用焦化方法对含油污泥进行处理。经过筛选选取活性白土作为焦化处理催化剂,分别研究了反应时间、反应温度、氮气吹扫量、加热速率等因素对处理效果的影响。4个影响因素对液相油品收率的影响顺序为:氮气吹扫量>反应温度>反应时间>加热速率;对反应转化率的影响顺序为:反应温度>反应时间>氮气吹扫量>加热速率。较为理想的反应参数:反应温度490℃;反应时间60min;氮气吹扫量90mL.min-1;加热速率4℃.min-1。在此反应条件下,含油污泥液相油品收率>80%,反应转化率>99.9%,经焦化处理后的废渣含油率<3‰,达到农用污泥排放标准,实现了达标排放和回收资源的目的。     

厌氧胶快速渗补技术在汽车发动机上的应用

将金属铜易与过氧化物发生氧化还原反应生成游离基的原理应用于厌氧胶，开发了针时金属零件表面微孔进行局部渗补的实用技术。在相关技术可靠性和工艺可行性得以论证的前提下。将局部渗补技术成功地应用于渗补发动机泄漏缸盖，减少了废品损失，取得了良好的经济效益。     

活性污泥生物相对污水处理运行的指导作用

污水处理系统处理效果的好坏都与污水处理系统中组成活性污泥的微生物种类、数量及其代谢活力有关,本文从活性污泥结构、微生物种类、数量及活性等方面分析了污泥生物相与运行状态的相互关系.说明了可通过对污水处理系统的生物相观察了解处理效果及运行状况,也可通过对污泥生物相观察发现处理系统环境的变化,及时调整运行环境,预防污水处理系统的运行中的异常情况发生.     

Zeolite synthesis from paper sludge ash with addition of diatomite

BACKGROUND: This study aimed to investigate the synthesis of zeolites from paper sludge ash (PSA) with added diatomite to remove both NH₄⁺ and PO₄^3? for water purification. The PSA had low Si and significant Ca contents. Four types of diatomite: white (T‐W) and brown (T‐B) from deposits of marine origin in Takanosu, and white (S‐W) and gray (S‐G) from lacustrine deposits in Shonai, were added to NaOH solution to increase the Si content and thereby synthesize zeolites with high cation exchange capacity (CEC). RESULTS: The order of the amounts of Si extracted from the diatomite to the alkali solution was S‐W > T‐W = T‐B > S‐G, which correlates with the amorphous SiO₂ content of diatomite. The original ash without addition of diatomite yielded hydroxysodalite with CEC of about 1.0 mmol g^?1. For all samples, the addition of diatomite to the solution yielded zeolite‐P with a higher CEC, but the addition of excess Si inhibited the synthesis of zeolite‐P, and the CEC of the product was low. A product with high CEC including zeolite‐P was obtained in a solution with around 500 mmol L^?1 of Si concentration, and had the ability to remove both NH₄⁺ and PO₄^3?. CONCLUSION: Diatomite has the potential for used as an additive for the synthesis of high CEC zeolite from PSA. The product with zeolite‐P exhibited relatively high CEC, capacity for NH₄⁺ uptake, and the ability to remove PO₄^3? by precipitation, which is preferable for water purification applications. Copyright © 2008 Society of Chemical Industry     

酸溶性钛渣酸解工艺研究

针对攀枝花钛铁矿冶炼钛渣的物化性质，对影响钛渣酸解率和钛液指标的各个因素进行了全面系统的实验室研究，并在年产2000t钛白生产线上进行了工业验证和优化试验，酸解率稳定在93％以上，三价钛控制在1－3g/L，钛液浓度较钛矿酸解提高了40－50g/L，其它钛液指标达到了后续水解工艺的要求。     

Optimal Control of Solar Sludge Dryers

Optimal control (OC) methodology is used to develop a control policy for a batch-operated solar sludge dryer with ventilation as the dominant control. Batch performance criteria and instantaneous optimization criteria are developed for two economic environments: quota limited and capital limited. The general formulation, as well as simplifications resulting from the multiplicative form of the evaporation (drying) rate model, are presented. The multiplicative form results in a single constant number, called here “control intensity,” which is used to guide the on-line control decisions. These decisions turn out to be independent of the dry solids content (DSC) of the sludge. Further simplification, by assuming a strictly constant weather, is used to demonstrate the general effects of the economic and physical (weather) environment on the solution.

The OC approach is used to address, via simulation under realistic weather conditions, several design, operation, and pricing problems. In particular, the following have been considered: sizing of the ventilation fans, determination of a fair fee for sludge disposal, finding the best final DSC, and evaluating the effect of the price of electricity. Regarding the particular location represented by the data, it has been shown that the installed capacity of the ventilation fans should be increased and that there seems to be sufficient economic incentive for solar drying.     

新型废水厌氧处理工艺——内循环厌氧反应器

介绍内循环(IC)厌氧反应器的发展、基本结构、运行机理。分析该反应器的工艺过程,指出该工艺具有处理效率高、抗冲击能力强等优点。针对IC反应器存在的缺陷,人们对该反应器进行技术改进:通过提高它的内循环的气量进行处理低浓度有机废水;增加外循环装置缩短IC反应器的启动周期。     

CAST的工作原理与设计计算

详细论述了循环式活性污泥法(CAST)的工作原理，对该工艺的设计计算作了探讨，提出了设计方法，并提供了有关计算公式和操作时间分配。