利用A/O技术处理己内酰胺生产废水的研究

探讨采用先进的A/O(厌氧菌 /好氧菌 )生物脱氮技术对己内酰胺生产废水进行处理的工作机理和工艺设计方法 ,分析了温度、溶解氧、pH值、进水碳氮比等参数对生物脱氮工艺过程的影响 ,并对其关键技术进行了研究     

生物制剂在SBR中的工业化试验

在处理炼油废水的SBR装置中加入一种生物促进剂和毒性缓冲剂,在投加量均为7mg/L的条件下,与未投加生物促进剂时相比,出水COD的去除率增加约50%,挥发酚由20mg/L降至4.9mg/L,污泥浓度由3.9g/L提高到4.9g/L,污泥絮体增大,结构紧密。     

微波消解-火焰原子吸收法测定污泥中的铜、锌

建立了一种微波消解样品、火焰原子吸收法测定污水厂污泥中铜、锌含量的方法。在实验条件下,测定污泥中铜、锌的回收率分别为95%～104%,96%～105%,RSD﹤5%。方法操作简便、快速、准确、灵敏、重复性好,可用于污泥中铜、锌的测定。     

ICEAS工艺脱磷除氮的影响因素

介绍了ICEAS工艺的特点，可以从时间上实现脱氮、除磷的厌氧一好氧间歇状态。通过对瓦房店龙山污水处理厂一年半的运行分析，提出脱氮除磷的影响因素，总结了运行的最佳参数。     

焦化装置掺炼催化裂化油浆技术经济分析

通过油浆掺炼小试, 对以加工管输原油等中间基原油为主的安庆炼厂焦化装置掺炼RFCC油浆生产中的物料平衡、产品质量、生产操作、经济效益等方面进行了分析，阐述油浆掺炼将导致焦化装置液收下降、气体及焦炭产率上升，蜡油芳烃含量上升，不利于提高装置加工量及经济效益的提高     

Phosphorus availability from phosphate rock and sewage sludge as influenced by the addition of water soluble phosphate fertilizer

Phosphorus (P) inputs are required for sustainable agricultural production in most acid soils of the tropics and subtropics. Phosphate rocks (PR) and organic materials have been suggested as alternative P sources in these soils. Quantitative information on the P availability from sewage sludge (SL) is scanty. Methods to improve the effectiveness of PR such as partial acidulation and compaction with water-soluble P sources have been recommended. The objective of this greenhouse study was to evaluate the relative agronomic effectiveness (RAE) of Florida PR and sewage sludges (irradiated and non-irradiated) applied alone and in mixture with a water-soluble source (triple superphosphate, TSP) at two rates (50 and 150 mg P kg^–1 soil). The ³²P isotope dilution technique was utilised to determine the proportion of P in the plant taken up from the P fertilizer treatments. Wheat was grown on an acid loamy sand Dystric Eutrocrepts and harvested 6 weeks after planting. Results on total P uptake and the RAE of the P fertilizer sources tested indicated that the addition of 50 mg P kg^–1 soil as TSP was adequate in supplying P to the 6-week-old wheat plants as compared to PR and sewage sludge. Intermediate values were obtained for the mixtures. Similar responses were observed for the high P rate. For a given P rate, phosphorus uptake from PR and SL in presence of TSP was higher than P uptake from these sources alone, indicating an enhancement effect of TSP on the effectiveness of these non-readily available sources. With respect to P uptake from PR applied alone, the relative increases in P uptake from PR due to TSP influence were 52 and 67% for the low and high P rates, respectively. The relative increases in P uptake from SL due to TSP when compared to P uptake from SL alone were 102 and 59% for the low and high P rates of application. Application of a water-soluble P fertilizer together with a non-readily available P source shows an enhancement on the P uptake from the non-readily available P source by the wheat plants. In this experiment the estimated enhancement effects are very likely underestimated.     

利用厌氧折流反应系统进行有机废水发酵制氢

以厌氧折流形式的发酵生物制氢反应器进行了连续流有机废水发酵产氢试验研究。反应器由有机玻璃制成,三格室,单格有效容积9.16L。以好氧生物处理系统剩余污泥为种泥,在容积负荷为8.89kg COD·(m~3·d)~(-1),水力停留时间为13.5 h,温度(35±1)℃等条件下,系统启动运行25 d后达到稳定运行状态。系统稳定运行时,总产气量和产氢量分别稳定在59.0 L·d~(-1)和32.0 L·d~(-1)左右。其中,第一格室、第二格室和第三格室的平均产气量及其氢含量分别为14 L·d~(-1)、25 L·d~(-1)、20 L·d~(-1)和50％、60％、50％。系统污泥的比产氢速率为76.64 L·(kg VSS·d)~(-1)。与同类生物制氢反应器相比,厌氧折流发酵生物制氢反应器具有结构简单、运行稳定、操作灵活、容积利用率高、生物持有量高以及运行费用较低等优点,在发酵生物制氢技术领域有很好的开发前景。     

催化湿式氧化法处理焦化废水的分析

概述了焦化废水水量大、成分复杂、污染物浓度高等水质特点和传统焦化废水处理方法及其缺陷，提出应用催化湿式氧化技术处理焦化废水这一新途径。并就技术和经济方面对催化湿式氧化技术处理焦化废水进行了分析，说明利用该技术处理焦化废水不仅技术上可行而且具有较好的综合效益。指出了催化湿式氧化技术在工业化过程中面临催化剂溶出和反应设备材质要求高等问题。     

有机垃圾厌氧发酵产氢技术研究进展

利用有机垃圾产氢的研究逐渐兴起,人们利用有机垃圾产氢既可以最大程度地使有机垃圾资源化,减少环境的污染,又可以通过无污染氢气的获得改善能源市场,缓解能源的压力。分析了国内外厌氧发酵产氢的技术现状;以厌氧发酵产氢的原理和机理入手,讨论微生物、发酵过程、过程参数等对产氢效率和速率的影响;最后还对厌氧发酵产氢的可行性进行研究。     

作物秸秆能源转化技术研究进展

利用作物秸秆生产可再生能源是解决秸秆环境污染和开辟新的能量资源的重要途径之一。作物秸秆能源转化技术主要有热解气化、厌氧消化、液化、乙醇化、直接燃烧和固化等。简要介绍了我国作物秸秆的资源量及利用现状,着重对国内外作物秸秆能源转化技术的发展、研究现状及工业化应用情况进行了详细介绍。通过对各技术特点和存在问题的分析,探讨了未来发展趋势。建议加强作物秸秆液化与乙醇化技术的系统性研究以及工艺过程的开发。