好氧颗粒污泥脱氮除磷效率研究

以实验室模拟废水为进水,在SBR反应器中利用好氧颗粒污泥进行N、P的去除效率研究.研究表明:在运行周期约为4h,进水COD控制在500～1200 mg/L之间,室温条件下,好氧颗粒污泥对COD、氨氮、硝氮、TP的去除率稳定维持在97％、95％、92％、86％,说明好氧颗粒污泥特有的结构特性和生物特性有利于脱氮除磷.     

ABR反应器对垃圾渗滤液的处理试验研究

ABR工艺在处理垃圾渗滤液中具有其他厌氧生物反应器所达不到的优点。尤其是对B/C低、氨氮浓度高、COD浓度高的废水处理,通过调节回流比、HRT、碱度等参数后,可以取得很好的处理效果。在本次实验中,HRT控制在18h后明显提高的垃圾渗滤液的可生化性及C/N,使ABR出水CODcr去除率达到75%,C/N为6.72,对后续好氧反应起到了重要作用。在调控一定回流比后,为提供厌氧氨氧化所需的电子受体NO-3和NO-2实现脱氮。反应器在经过120d的培养驯化,氨氮进水为460mg/L,ABR对氨氮的去除率稳定在80%。不同格室的厌氧颗粒污泥都得到很好的驯化并在其合适的环境中发挥各自的功能。     

浸提时间对城市污泥重金属浸出特性的影响

在研究含工业废水污泥中Zn、Cu、Pb、Cr、Mn、Ni含量的基础上,应用固体废物浸出毒性方法,以不同浸出时间对污泥中重金属的浸出特性进行了实验研究.结果表明:污泥中Mn和Zn含量较高,其次为Cu和Ni,而毒性较大的Pb和Cr含量较低.浸提时间对污泥中重金属的浸出具有重要影响,污泥中的Zn、Cu、Ni最大浸出浓度在8h时,而Fe和Mn随着浸提时间增加而增加;浸提时间对污泥中重金属浸出量的影响因该重金属的化学性质不同而存在较明显的差别,这可能与浸提过程中的吸附-解吸过程、络合-解离过程和溶解-沉淀/共沉淀等因素有关.     

改进型合并净化槽处理生活污水的影响因素

通过设置改性复合填料和微电解铁屑床对合并净化槽进行工艺改进,采用厌氧(缺氧)好氧(A2/O)工艺处理生活污水。为优化该装置处理生活污水的效果,分别选取水力停留时间、有机负荷、污泥回流比作为运行条件进行试验室中试研究。结合试验结果和经济效益,得出最佳运行条件:水体停留时间为8 h,此时系统对COD、TN和TP的去除率分别为95%、63%8、7%;COD有机负荷为2.7 g/(L.d),该条件下出水COD、TN和TP平均去除率分别可达到90%、74%、88%;污泥回流比为75%,此时净化槽出水COD、TN和TP平均去除率分别达到95%、70%、94%。     

Extended activated sludge model no. 1 (ASM1) for simulating biodegradation process using bacterial technology

Phosphorus is one of the most important nutrients required to support various kinds of biodegradation processes. As this particular nutrient is not included in the activated sludge model no. 1 (ASM1), this study extended this model in order to determine the fate of phosphorus during the biodegradation processes. When some of the kinetics parameters are modified using observed data from the restoration project of the Xuxi River in Wuxi City, China, from August 25 to 31 in 2009, the extended model shows excellent results. In order to obtain optimum values of coefficients of nitrogen and phosphorus, the mass fraction method was used to ensure that the final results were reasonable and practically relevant. The temporal distribution of the data calculated with the extended ASM1 approximates that of the observed data.     

Performance of Sewage Sludge Treatment and Electricity Generation by Different Configuration Microbial Fuel Cells

This paper compared the degradation efficiency of sludge organic matters and electric-production by two typical microbial fuel cells——dual-chamber microbial fuel cell(DMFC)and single chamber air cathode microbial fuel cell(SAMFC),and the variations of sludge protein,polysaccharide and ammonia nitrogen within the systems were also investigated.The results showed that the concentration of sludge soluble chemical oxygen demand,protein and carbohydrate of DMFC are higher than these of SAMFC during the systems operation,while DMFC can achieve a better ammonia nitrogen removal than SAMFC.Under the same operation condition,the stable voltage output of DMFC and SAMFC is 0.61 V and 0.37 V;the maximum power density of DMFC and SAMFC is 2.79 W/m3and 1.25 W/m3;TCOD removal efficiency of DMFC and SAMFC is 34.14%and 28.63%for 12 d,respectively.Meanwhile,DMFC has a higher coulomb efficiency than SAMFC,but both are less than5%.The results showed that DMFC present a better performance on sludge degradation and electric-production.     

Recycle of valuable products from oily cold rolling mill sludge

Oily cold rolling mill （CRM） sludge contains lots of iron and alloying elements along with plenty of hazardous organic components, which makes it as an attractive secondary source and an environmental contaminant at the same time. The compound methods of ＂vacuum distillation ＋ oxidizing roasting＂ and ＂vacuum distillation ＋ hydrogen reduction＂ were employed for the recycle of oily cold rolling mill sludge. First, the sludge was dynamically vacuum distilled in a rotating furnace at 50 r/rain and 600℃ for 3 h, which removed almost hazardous organic components, obtaining 89.2wt% ferrous resultant. Then, high purity ferric oxide powders （99.2wt%） and reduced iron powders （98.9wt%） were obtained when the distillation residues were oxidized and reduced, respectively. The distillation oil can be used for fuel or chemical feedstock, and the distillation gases can be collected and reused as a fuel.     

污泥活性炭的制备及其性能的优化

以高碑店污水处理厂二沉池的剩余污泥为主要原料,采用化学活化法制备污泥活性炭,通过活化剂筛选实验得出最佳的活化剂,在此基础上研究了废弃纸质材料对于污泥活性炭性能提高的影响,并对制备过程中的相关问题进行了研究.选用化学活化法将污泥制备成活性炭,通过正交设计法得到最佳制备条件为:氯化锌4 mol/L、活化温度750℃、活化时间60 min、废弃纸质材料添加比例40%,该条件下制作的活性炭比表面积为680.85 m2/g.     

基于城市污水好氧颗粒污泥脱氮除磷系统种群多样性研究

采用16S rDNA克隆文库方法对城市污水脱氮除磷好氧颗粒污泥的细菌种群进行了多样性研究.从16SrDNA克隆文库中随机挑选110个克隆子测序并进行了BLAST比对.结果表明:好氧颗粒污泥序批式反应器(GSBR)系统中细菌群落具有高度多样性,包含14个类群,优势细菌类群为Proteobacteria类群(变形菌类群),占85.18%;细菌类群优势顺序为β-Proteobacteria、α-Proteobacteria、γ-Proteobacteria、uncultured Bacteroidetes、Candidatedivision TM7、δ-proteobacterium、Firmicutes、Planctomycetacia、Actinobacteria、Sphingobacteria、Flavobacteria、Cytophagia、Uncultured bacterium和Uncultured anaerobic bacterium.初步分析了不同细菌类群在脱氮除磷系统中的作用,其中,Proteobacteria纲中部分为聚磷菌,Acidovorax sp.、Planctomycetacia、Cytophagia、Flavobacteria对氮的脱除均有一定作用.     

多级好氧缺氧生物膜反应器脱氮及污泥减量特性

针对污水处理厂目前普遍存在碳源不足和剩余污泥量过大的问题,以某小区低ρ(C)/ρ(N)比生活污水为研究对象,构建了多级好氧缺氧生物膜反应器,考察了反应器脱氮、污泥减量效果及运行工况.试验表明反应器最优运行工况:流量分配比为3∶4∶3,HRT为11h,ρ(DO)为4.0 mg/L,温度为25℃,回流比R=1.0.在上述工况下,当进水ρ(TN)、ρ(NH4+-N)、ρ(COD)分别为80 ～ 130、75 ～ 100、260 ～ 400 mg/L时,ρ(TN)出水约20 mg/L,ρ(NH4+-N)、ρ(COD)出水分别降至5.0、30 mg/L以下,TN、NH4+-N、COD平均去除率分别达到80％、95％、91％.多级好氧缺氧试验同时表明:反应器中的污泥产率仅为0.10,优于其他生物膜工艺,具有良好的污泥减量效果.