Near-zero-shrinkage Al2O3 ceramic foams with coral-like and hollow-sphere structures via selective laser sintering and reaction bonding

The large shrinkage that ceramics undergo during sintering is a severe challenge for high-performance porous ceramics. In this study, we report a powder-based selective laser sintering (SLS) approach to prepare Al₂O₃ ceramic foams with near-zero shrinkage, high porosity, and outstanding strength. The ceramic foams consist of specific coral-like and hollow-sphere structures derived from the raw Al₂O₃/Al composite powders via reaction bonding (RB). A near-zero shrinkage of 0.91 ± 0.15 % and a high porosity of 73.7 ± 0.2 % can be achieved based on the Kirkendall effect during the oxidation of Al particles. Meanwhile, the reinforced sintering necks and robust bond-bridge connections between hollow-sphere and coral-like structures result in a remarkable bending strength of 7.37 ± 0.37 MPa. This measured strength is more than six times higher than other fabricated samples from spherical Al₂O₃ powders, and the comprehensive performance of ceramic foams prepared by this novel SLS/RB strategy is exceptionally remarkable versus that via conventional forming methods.     

移动硬盘盒精密热流道注塑模具设计

热流道注塑模具在模具行业中的应用越来越广泛,采用热流道系统不仅可以保证塑件质量、提高材料的利用率,还能显著提高塑件的生产效率。通过对移动硬盘塑料件的结构及成型工艺特点进行分析,设计了移动硬盘塑料件热流道注射模具,重点对热流道模具热平衡计算和热流道浇注系统进行了分析计算,模具采用单点热流道、一模两件潜伏式浇口、外滑块抽芯机构及斜推杆抽芯成型倒扣设计。实践证明,该移动硬盘塑料件模具设计结构合理,在提高塑料件成型质量的同时,提高了材料的利用率及生产效率,为同类结构特点的热流道注塑模设计提供了参考。     

Microstructure and ablation performance of HfC/PyC core-shell structure nanowire-reinforced Hf1-xZrxC coating

To improve the ablation performance of C/C composites, HfC/PyC core-shell structure nanowire (HfCnw/PyC)-reinforced Hf_1-xZr_xC coating was prepared via three-step chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method. Effects of HfCnw/PyC and PyC layer thickness on the microstructure, residual stress and ablation performance of Hf_1-xZr_xC coating were studied. HfCnw/PyC-reinforced coatings exhibited equiaxial crystal structure. After incorporating HfCnw/PyC, ablation property of Hf_1-xZr_xC coating was enhanced because of the skeleton role of HfO₂ nanowires. PyC possessed low coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) and high heat conductivity, but poor ablation performance. Hence, with the increase in thickness of PyC layer, ablation property of the coating first increased and then decreased. HfCnw/PyC-reinforced Hf_1-xZr_xC coating with PyC layer thickness of about 50 nm exhibited the best ablation property.     

聚乳酸/聚氨酯复合多孔材料制备及吸油性能研究

以聚乳酸（PLA）为基体,添加不同含量聚氨酯（TPU）熔融共混制备具有不同相形态的PLA/TPU共混物,基于超临界二氧化碳（scCO₂）微孔发泡工艺,研究不同发泡温度下PLA/TPU复合多孔材料泡孔结构、发泡倍率和开孔率对样品吸油性能的影响。结果表明,随着TPU含量从10 %（质量分数,下同）增加到50 %,共混物从典型的“海?岛”相形态转变为部分共连续相形态,PLA基体黏弹性提升,结晶能力下降;PLA70组分发泡后泡孔结构更为均匀,随着发泡温度的增加,泡孔尺寸和发泡倍率先增大后减小,在94 ℃发泡温度下发泡样品发泡倍率达到29.1倍,最大开孔率75 %;TPU的加入显著增加了PLA基体的弹性回复能力,94 ℃发泡温度下的发泡样品具有最大的抗压强度,永久形变量最小;针对硅油和环己烷的吸油测试发现对硅油的吸油量大于环己烷,发泡材料的吸油量与发泡倍率和开孔率的乘积成正比,针对硅油单次最大吸油量为10.4 g/g。     

SG4热压烧结陶瓷刀具的带状声学显微组织分析

对所发现陶瓷材料带状声学结构进行了分析，并对其成因及对材料性能的影响进行了初步探讨。     

变质Mn8Crl耐磨钢弥散组织的形成机制

研究了变质Ｍｎ８Ｃｒｌ耐磨钢弥散处理过程中显微组织、物相硬度及成分的变化。结果表明，通过热处理获得理想弥散组织的条件：首先是奥氏体锰钢中含有适量的强碳化物形成元素，其次是使奥氏体尽可能充分地发生珠光体转变，三是适当控制高温阶段等温温度和时间。     

高碳Cr—Mo—W钢M／B复相组织疲劳行为研究

用紧凑拉伸试样测定了65Cr5Mo3W2VSiTi(LM2)钢不同贝氏体量和不同回火温度的M/B复相组织的疲劳裂纹扩展速率,根据试验数据估算了各工艺的疲劳门槛值。结果表明,LM2钢M/B复相组织的疲劳裂纹扩展属非连续扩展机制,疲劳裂纹微观扩展速率的计算值和宏观扩展速率的实测值相近     

High-velocity oxyfuel thermal spray coatings for biomedical applications

Plasma spraying is used to produce most commercially available bioceramic coatings for dental implants; however, these coatings still contain some inadequacies. Two types of coatings produced by the high- velocity oxyfuel (HVOF) combustion spray process using commercially available hydroxyapatite (HA) and fluorapatite (FA) powders sprayed onto titanium were characterized to determine whether this relatively new coating process can be applied to bioceramic coatings. Diffuse reflectance Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, x- ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to characterize the composition, microstructure, and morphology of the coatings. The XRD and FTIR techniques revealed an apatitic structure for both HA and FA coatings. However, XRD patterns indicated some loss in crystallinity of the coatings due to the spraying process. Results from FTIR showed a loss in the intensity of the OH^∼ and F^∼ groups due to HVOF spraying; the phosphate groups, however, were still present. Analysis by SEM showed a coating morphology similar to that obtained with plasma spraying, with complete coverage of the titanium substrate. Interfacial SEM studies revealed an excellent coating-to-substrate apposition. These results indicate that with further optimization the HVOF thermal spray process may offer another method for producing bioceramic coatings.     

小口径钢管全位置脉冲TIG多层焊的组织分析

采用全位置脉冲TIG焊技术对小口径钢管环缝进行焊接，焊接采用TIG焊打底＋TIG填丝的多层焊工艺，分析了打底焊及每层填丝焊接完成后的打底层焊缝组织。结果表明，采用多层焊工艺可以很好地避免焊缝及热影响区的扩大，并且后焊层对前焊层的再加热作用，可细化晶粒，改善组织。     

热变形后低铬耐磨铸铁的组织与耐磨性的关系

研究了低铬耐磨铸铁经40％热变形及不同方式冷却后的组织与耐磨性的关系。结果表明：该铸铁经热变形后的组织与耐磨性有良好的对应关系，其耐磨性随硬度的增加而增大，同时也与组织中碳化物的形状、大小及分布有关。