Synergistic effect of composite template and La-doping on microdynamic behavior of photogenerated carriers in mesoporous nano-TiO2

The traditional view that the role of the composite template that is adopted in the preparation of nano-TiO₂ is only for forming a pore structure and increasing the material's specific surface area is challenged by this study. The complex impact of the composite template and La-doping on the microdynamic behavior of photo-generation free charge carriers (FCCs) in the mesoporous nano-TiO₂ is investigated using the transient photovoltaic (TPV) technique, supplemented by electric field-induced surface photovoltaic spectroscopy and a computer simulation method. The experimental results reveal that utilizing an appropriate composite template, such as polyethylene glycol and octadecylamine with a molar ratio of 1:1, may result in the rapid separation and prolonged diffusion distance of electron–hole pairs that were excited by a 355 nm and 50 μJ laser pulse. These may be responsible for the stronger and broader TPV response in the microsecond and millisecond regions of the La-doped nano-TiO₂ in TPV spectroscopy, as compared with that for materials that used other composite templates. This response is closely related to the reduced content of the surface state located at 367 nm. A suitable level of La-doping, however, was only responsible for the stronger and broader TPV response in the microsecond region of the spectrum of the nano-TiO₂. The computer simulation results confirm that the photo-generation FCCs microdynamic characteristics in the microsecond region may partially originate from the state density distribution of both the d-electron in the antibonding orbital and the p-electron in the bonding orbital moving up to higher levels, and from a broader band-gap after La-doping in the anatase lattice cell.     

Synthesis of WSi2 -SiC composite under the thermally activated combustion mode

Opportunities on combustion synthesizing the WSi2-SiC ceramic composites in a wide range of compositions under the thermal activated mode were studied. Tungsten, silicon powders and carbon black were used as initial reagents, and Magnesium–Teflon mixture was used as an activating additive. The stepwise character of the combustion process evolution, being characterized by low- and high-temperature regimes, was revealed. The end-products were subjected to SEM, XRD and DTA/TG analyses.     

磺胺地索辛合成进展

磺胺地索辛是典型的长效磺胺类抗菌药,T1/2为40h,有很强的抗细菌及原虫感染的作用,可用于上呼吸道及尿路感染,目前广泛用于畜禽疾病的治疗和预防;此外,它对畜禽生长有促进作用,又作为饲料添加剂被广泛应用。文章介绍了磺胺类抗菌药磺胺地索辛的合成进展,并评价了各工艺的优缺点。     

软模板法合成有序介孔材料的研究进展

有序介孔材料具有高度有序的孔道结构,较高的比表面积和较多活性位,已经广泛应用于气体吸附、催化剂和功能材料等领域。本文系统评述了软模板法制备有序介孔材料的合成路线及其组装机理,并对课题组采用软模板法组装介孔氧化钛粒子的机理进行了分析。     

液相法合成氢化铝钠的研究

以NaH和AlCl3为主要原料,通过改变实验条件,探索研究液相法合成NaAlH4的合成条件。实验表明,在不加入任何催化剂的情况下无法实现NaAlH4的合成,在以NaAlH4、三乙基铝等物质为催化剂的条件下,虽有少量的产物生成,但是反应不明显,且产物中存在大量的非晶态物质。即便在高温高压下反应亦难以进行,大量的化合物均以非晶态形式存在。     

酯化法合成丙酮酸乙酯的研究

论述了以丙酮酸、乙醇为原料,离子交换树脂作催化剂,催化合成丙酮酸乙酯的新工艺。考察了催化剂种类、用量、原料配比、反应时间以及催化剂使用次数等因素对酯化率的影响,确定了催化剂种类和最佳工艺条件。结果表明,732强酸性离子交换树脂具有良好的催化活性和选择性,可多次重复使用,酯化率可达85.7%,产品质量符合国家标准。     

煤制乙二醇技术进展

综述了目前乙二醇生产工艺技术的现状和发展动向,指出了石油乙烯路线是目前乙二醇工业生产的主要工艺。同时,着重介绍了中国科学院福建物质结构研究所与企业合作,率先在国内外实现工业化的煤制乙二醇的成套技术。该技术符合我国缺油、少气、煤炭资源相对丰富的资源特点,可利用煤炭资源生产乙二醇,代替目前的石油乙烯路线,将有效缓解我国乙二醇产品供需矛盾,逐步实现我国以煤代油生产乙二醇的战略目标,节省大量石油资源,对国家的能源和化工产业产生重要积极影响,代表了当今煤化工领域的前沿发展方向之一。     

纳米MgAl2O4粉体的溶液燃烧合成及烧结性能

以氨基乙酸和尿素为燃料,用溶液燃烧合成法制备了 MgAl2O4 纳米粉体,并研究了氨基乙酸和尿素的摩尔比(0:1,2:9 和 1:1)对粉体特性和烧结性能的影响。对粉体的扫描电子显微照片分析发现:用两种混合燃料制备的 MgAl2O4 粉体呈多孔状结构,且实验所用混合燃料有利于 MgAl2O4粉体的分散。结果表明:颗粒(团聚体)的平均粒径随所用燃料中氨基乙酸含量的增加而明显减小,粉体的比表面积随氨基乙酸含量的增加而显著增大,表明所用的混合燃料能显著降低 MgAl2O4粉体的团聚程度。此外,MgAl2O4粉体的烧结性能随所用燃料中氨基乙酸含量的增加而显著提高。     

基于FPGA的跳频通信频率合成器实现

探讨了一种基于FPGA的跳频通信频率合成器的实现方案,重点介绍其原理和电路设计,并给出了FPGA的仿真结果。结果表明该设计行之有效,实现了高度集成化。     

Fabrication of CuInS2/CNTs absorber layers by sol–gel method

In this work, CuInS₂/multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) layers are fabricated by the sol–gel spin-coating method. We introduce two forms of MWCNTs into a CIS₂ solution, washed functional multiwalled carbon nanotubes (W-FMWCNTs) and unwashed-functional multiwalled carbon nanotubes (UW-FMWCNTs), in order to investigate the effects of MWCNTs and an acidic environment on the physical properties of the CIS₂ absorber layers. The structure and morphology of the samples are investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), respectively. The XRD study shows that all samples crystallize in a tetragonal structure. The results obtained from the optical, thermo-electric, and electrical measurements indicate that the two groups of CIS₂ layers prepared using W- and UW-FMWCNTs show the opposite behaviors. The Seebeck coefficient (SC) measurements indicate possible formation of a p–n junction.