无敏化TiO2太阳能电池研究

以四氯化钛、氨TEM等分析手段，对产品的物相、形水、表面活性剂吐温80等简单易得的试剂为主要原料，采用分步水解法制备出混晶纳米二氧化钛分散乳液。采用XRD进行了表征，结果表明，所制乳液为混晶结构。TEM形貌分析，乳液分散性能良好，粒子基本为球形，粒径约为10nm。用乳液提拉法将所制得的乳液提拉成膜作为二氧化钛电极，以12／I溶液为电解液，Pt为对电极，将其组装成二氧化钛电池。以GY-1型溴钨灯作为光源，测得电池开路电压为0.60v，短路电流为4．3mA，计算电池光电能量转换效率为2．88％。     

染料敏化太阳能电池MO／TiO2复合薄膜的制备与表征

用溶胶-凝胶法结合旋转镀膜法制备致密TiO2薄膜，采用丝网印刷技术制备多孔TiO2薄膜，采用液相沉积法制备ZnO／Ti02、MgO／TiO2复合薄膜。用x射线能谱仪、原子力显微镜、紫外-可见分光光度计对复合薄膜的化学组分、表面形貌、吸光性能等进行分析；组装电池，测定了电池性能。结果表明：ZnO／TiO2、MgO／TiO2复合薄膜具有较好的光电性能，染料敏化太阳能电池的短路电流、开路电压、填充因子、光电转换效率均得到提高。     

基于虚拟仪器的高性能太阳能电池测试系统

设计了一种太阳能电池测试系统。该系统利用短弧氙灯模拟AM1.5太阳光，通过采集模块在LabVIEW中得到初始，I-V特性曲线，同时获取即时温度、光谱响应等参数，再经MATLAB数值运算处理修正为标准条件下的，I-V特性曲线。较之传统的太阳能电池测试系统，该系统有更高的精度、自动化程度和可靠性。     

自组装高有序氧化钛纳米管束的制备

阳极氧化技术在氟基电解液中，对高有序氧化钛纳米管束的制备、特性及在太阳能方面的应用进行了简要综述。材料的结构证明，该材料在光分解水、光催化、气敏检测、光电转化等方面具有潜在巨大的应用。通过改变电压、电解液浓度、pH值、温度，可获得不同长度、直径、形状、壁厚的氧化钛纳米管束。在电解液中加入有机溶剂、淬火等方式掺杂，可改变氧化钛的禁带宽度，从而有效利用太阳能。     

Recent Progress of Counter Electrodes in Nanocrystalline Dye-sensitized Solar Cells

Dye-sensitized solar cell （DSC） consists a combination of several different materials： photoanodes with nanoparticulated semiconductors, sensitizers, electrolytes and counter electrodes （CEs）. Each materials performs specific task for the conversion of solar energy into electricity. The main function of CE is to transfer electrons to the redox electrolyte and regenerate iodide ion. The work of CE is mainly focused on the studies of the kinetic performance and stability of the traditional CEs to improve the overall efficiency of DSC, seeking novel design concepts or new materials. In this review, the development and research progress of different CE materials and their electrochemical performance, and the problems are discussed.     

磁流体太阳能集热器的温度和热流量特性的实验研究

由于磁流体有很好的吸热和传热特性，将其用作磁流体太阳能集热器的介质是很有应用前景的。设计了一个磁流体太阳能集热器用于温度和热流量特性试验，对2种磁流体进行了试验，结果显示：在磁流体静止不动的时候，磁流体太阳能集热器的磁流体温度可达60℃以上，最高的可达97℃；然而，当磁流体以5m的流速流动时，出口的最高温度仍可达65℃，热流量超过600W／m^2。另外，随着磁流体流速的加大，出口温度将会下降，而热流量则会增加，这对于太阳能集热器工作条件的选择（如温度和热流量的选择）有十分重要的意义。     

Opto-electronic properties of rough LP-CVD ZnO:B for use as TCO in thin-film silicon solar cells

Polycrystalline Boron-doped ZnO films deposited by low pressure chemical vapor deposition technique are developed for their use as transparent contacts for thin-film silicon solar cells. The size of the columnar grains that constitute the ZnO films is related to their light scattering capability, which has a direct influence on the current generation in thin-film silicon solar cells. Furthermore, if the doping level of the ZnO films is kept below 1 × 10²⁰ cm^− 3, the electron mobility can be drastically enhanced by growing large grains, and the free carrier absorption is reduced. All these considerations have been taken in account to develop ZnO films finely optimized for the fabrication of microcrystalline thin-film silicon solar cells. These TCO allow the achievement of solar cell conversion efficiencies close to 10%.     

Sputter deposition and surface treatment of TiO2 films for dye-sensitized solar cells using reactive RF plasma

Sputter deposition followed by surface treatment was studied using reactive RF plasma as a method for preparing titanium oxide (TiO₂) films on indium tin oxide (ITO) coated glass substrate for dye-sensitized solar cells (DSCs). Anatase structure TiO₂ films deposited by reactive RF magnetron sputtering under the conditions of Ar/O₂(5%) mixtures, RF power of 600 W and substrate temperature of 400 °C were surface-treated by inductive coupled plasma (ICP) with Ar/O₂ mixtures at substrate temperature of 400 °C, and thus the films were applied to the DSCs. The TiO₂ films made on these experimental bases exhibited the BET specific surface area of 95 m²/g, the pore volume of 0.3 cm²/g and the TEM particle size of ∼ 25 nm. The DSCs made of this TiO₂ material exhibited an energy conversion efficiency of about 2.25% at 100 mW/cm² light intensity.     

CdS/CdTe叠层太阳电池的制备及其性能

CdS/CdTe太阳电池是薄膜太阳电池研究工作的一个重要方向.为了提高开路电压Voc、改善电池的光谱响应,进而提高电池的转换效率,在此提出CdS/CdTe叠层太阳电池结构.文中,叠层电池的顶电池由CdS/CdTe超薄层构成;底电池由CdS/CdTe薄膜层构成.经分析测试,实验制备的CdS/CdTe叠层太阳电池具有明显的叠层结构,开路电压最高达到了852mV,短路电流密度最大为13mA/cm2,填充因子最高为55.2%,这种叠层电池的效率达到了8.16%(0.071cm2).研究表明相对于传统的单层CdS/CdTe太阳电池,CdS/CdTe叠层电池的制备对研究如何提高CdS/CdTe太阳电池的光伏性能有一定的参考价值.     

国际上建筑天然采光研究的新动态

太阳光是随处可以利用的可再生能源,天然采光是建筑可持续发展的重要方面。本文回顾了近年来国际上比较关注的天然采光方面的研究及主要成果,提出了近期的主要研究热点和需要解决的问题。