氧化锆陶瓷与Kovar 4J28合金的金基钎焊研究

采用Au-Cu-Pt合金钎料带,对氧化锆陶瓷与Kovar 4J28合金进行了钎焊研究,探讨了钎焊温度和保温时间对接头强度的影响,并分析了氧化锆陶瓷与4J28合金的界面结合情况。结果表明,氧化锆陶瓷与Kovar 4J28合金在1040℃保温20 min焊接,得到的焊接器件能够承受最大的剪切强度为85 MPa;在压力差为60 k Pa时,封接器件不泄漏。     

D-KH法制备AgCuSn合金钎料的性能研究

分别采用熔铸法和D-KH法(叠轧复合-扩散合金化工艺)制备了Ag-22.4Cu-20Sn钎料合金,采用XRD、SEM、DSC及万能力学试验机等测试技术,对合金相组成、显微组织、熔化特性、钎焊接头的剪切强度和钎焊界面形貌等进行了对比研究。结果表明,D-KH法制备的钎料相组成为(Ag)、Cu3Sn、Ag5Sn相,而熔铸法制备的钎料相组成为(Ag)、Cu3Sn、Ag5Sn以及Cu41Sn11相;D-KH法制备的钎料合金液固相线均降低,熔程减小。与熔铸法相比,用D-KH法制备得到的厚度0.1 mm的钎料薄带,润湿铺展性更优、接头剪切强度更高、接头强度稳定性更好。     

Development of a technology for deposition of elements of a multilayer composite solder

The results of investigations carried out to develop a technology of electroplating the surface of heat exchangers of 12Cr18Ni10Ti, VNS 16 and VNS 25 steel with a multilayer composite solder with Cr, Ni, Mn are presented.     

BGA无铅焊点在跌落冲击载荷下的失效模式与机理

通过PCB组件跌落试验,探究了BGA封装的失效模式和失效机理;分析了焊球中裂纹的产生机理及扩展特点.结果表明,BGA封装失效的主要原因是焊球裂纹和PCB结构性断裂.焊球裂纹主要有两种,分别位于焊球顶部和根部,且产生机理不同.焊球顶部由于重力导致局部钎料不足而使焊球与阻焊膜之间产生间隙,进而形成裂纹;焊球根部则是由于残留助焊剂与焊球和阻焊膜之间存在间隙,在载荷作用下形成裂纹.裂纹的扩展与裂纹源的初始位置、方向及应力情况有关,焊盘与焊球的相对位置对裂纹的扩展有重要影响.     

不同剪切速率下锡银铜系/镍金焊点的断裂行为研究

对锡银铜系高可靠性焊料合金的研究虽然已经较为广泛,但是缺乏对其焊点在不同应变速率下的剪切强度和断裂模式的研究。本文将牌号为SAC305和Innolot不同成分的锡银铜系焊料合金锡膏印刷在镍金镀层(Ni(P)/Au)上回流成BGA焊点,采用DAGE 4000 HS焊接强度测试仪进行不同剪切速率下的剪切性能测试,并对其剪切曲线、剪切强度及断裂能进行计算和分析,再采用金相显微镜和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对焊点界面微观结构及断口进行表征分析。结果表明：合金本身成分的差异导致焊点界面金属间化合物层(IMC层)厚度和分布存在差异,随着剪切速率的增加,SAC305和Innolot合金焊点的强度总体上都随之增加,且焊点的断裂模式由焊点基体内部的韧性断裂向界面金属间化合物脆性断裂发生转变,Innolot合金由于其他金属元素添加导致的强化作用使得其剪切强度得到较大提升而塑性损伤。     

深井高应力难采煤层上行卸压开采的研究与实践

以新汶矿区为工程背景，深入研究了采动覆岩裂隙亚分带特征、覆岩运动与结构分带特征、上行卸压开采作用效应，建立了上行卸压开采可行程度的评价方法，论证了深井复合顶板煤层上行卸压开采的可行程度，通过应用实践根除了深井高应力难采煤层的多重障碍，为上行卸压开采的可行程度判别、区域划分、开采部署提供了决策依据。     

BGA焊球视觉检测算法及系统设计

为了实现对BGA焊球的自动检测,建立了自动视觉检测系统。对系统所采用的焊球特征进行提取及缺陷识别,基于高斯混合模型的分类器对检测算法进行研究。根据焊球的形状和尺寸特征设计了焊球缺陷识别和分类算法,并以锡多、锡少和毛刺缺陷为例,分析典型缺陷的识别算法。以焊球形状的圆度和特征区域的面积等特征参数为评价标准,构建二维特征空间。在二维特征空间线性组合的基础上,构建基于高斯混合模型的分类器。构建了训练样本集,并对该分类器进行训练,根据训练结果并结合应用实际修正了模型,并采用测试集对该分类器进行测试验证。实验结果表明,焊球缺陷检测算法的准确度为97.06%,漏判率为0%,检测可靠度为100%。该视觉检测系统满足了工程运用中对识别准确度、稳定性、可靠性等方面的要求。     

Interaction Kinetics between Sn-Pb Solder Droplet and Au/Ni/Cu Pad

The interracial phenomena of the Sn-Pb solder droplet on and needle-like AuSn4 are formed at the interface after Au/Ni/Cu pad are investigated. A continuous AuSn2 the liquid state reaction （soldering）. The interracial reaction between the solder and Au layer continues during solid state aging with AuSn4 breaking off from the interface and felling into the solder. The kinetics of Au layer dissolution and diffusion into the solder during soldering and aging is analyzed to elucidate intermetallic formation mechanism at the solder/Au pad interface. The concentration of Au near the solder/pad interface is identified to increase and reach the solubility limit during the period of liquid state reaction. During solid state reaction, the thickening of Au-Sn compound is mainly controlled by element diffusion.     

Nano ZrO2 Particulate-reinforced Lead-Free Solder Composite

A lead-free solder composite was prepared by adding ZrO2 nanopowders in eutectic Sn-Ag alloy. Microstrucrural features and microhardness properties of those solders with different ZrO2 nanopowder fraction were examined. Results indicate that the addition of ZrO2 nanopowders reduced the size of β-Sn grains and restrained the formation of bulk Ag3Sn intermetallic compounds （IMCs） due to the adsorption effect of the ZrO2 particles. The Vicker＇s hardness of the obtained lead-free solder composites fits well with the HalI-Petch relationship. The refinement of β-Sn grains favors to improve the microhardness of composite solders.     

Laser probe measurements of quality evolution of solder joints during thermal cycling ageing tests

We present the results of a non-destructive measuring method allowing us to characterize the evolution of solder joints during thermal cycling ageing tests. The method uses a high resolution optical probe to detect selectively pure Joule and Peltier thermal responses of the solder joint subject to a given current pulse. The results show the Peltier and Joule responses to be good indicators for the evaluation of the age and the degradation of solder joints.