基于阈值分割的松材线虫病树计数与定位

松材病虫病是最紧迫的威胁之一,最近对中国针叶林造成了严重破坏,为了阻止松材病虫病的快速传播,必须在早期准确检测和计数受感染的树木。提出了一种基于密度图的方法,用于从高分辨率航拍图像中估计具有松材病虫病的树木数量,方法引入了阈值分割、形态处理和超像素技术,以最大限度地减少由于建筑物和岩石等相似背景物体引起的误差。实验表明,所提出的方法优于密度学习 算法,平均绝对误差、均方根误差和绝对误差方差分别从21.3、22.2和127.2减少到8.0、11.7和59.6,计数准确率从54.7%提高到81.3%。     

基于扰动观察法的光伏电池最大功率跟踪控制

本研究提出了基于扰动观察法的最大功率点跟踪方法。该控制方法以光伏电池的数学模型为基础,检测太阳能发电输出功率的变化,根据检测结果,调整光伏电池的相关参数,以达到最大功率点跟踪的目的。通过Matlab/Simulink仿真,结果表明提出的改进算法能有效提高光伏发电系统的发电效率。     

局部阴影下光伏阵列MPPT算法的研究

针对局部阴影状态下光伏阵列P-U特性曲线多峰值的问题,提出了一种基于搜索-计算-判断的三步法全局最大功率点跟踪(GMPPT)策略。该方法使用改进型扰动观察法反向搜索第一个峰值点,利用计算和判断减小搜索区域,将多峰值间接转化为单峰值搜索,解决了搜索过程中陷入局部极值的问题。通过建立3种阴影状态下的模型,将该方法与现有最大功率点跟踪(MPPT)算法进行仿真对比,并建立相应的试验进行验证。仿真及试验结果表明,该方法在有、无阴影状态下均能稳定实现GMPPT,有效地提高了系统的跟踪精度和跟踪速度。     

Characterization of the Functional Cross-Talk between Surface GABAA and Dopamine D5 Receptors

The γ-aminobutyric acid type A receptor (GABA_AR) plays a major role in fast inhibitory synaptic transmission and is highly regulated by the neuromodulator dopamine. In this aspect, most of the attention has been focused on the classical intracellular signaling cascades following dopamine G-protein-coupled receptor activation. Interestingly, the GABA_AR and dopamine D5 receptor (D5R) have been shown to physically interact in the hippocampus, but whether a functional cross-talk occurs is still debated. In the present study, we use a combination of imaging and single nanoparticle tracking in live hippocampal neurons to provide evidence that GABA_ARs and D5Rs form dynamic surface clusters. Disrupting the GABA_AR–D5R interaction with a competing peptide leads to an increase in the diffusion coefficient and the explored area of both receptors, and a drop in immobile synaptic GABA_ARs. By means of patch-clamp recordings, we show that this fast lateral redistribution of surface GABA_ARs correlates with a robust depression in the evoked GABAergic currents. Strikingly, it also shifts in time the expression of long-term potentiation at glutamatergic synapses. Together, our data both set the plasma membrane as the primary stage of a functional interplay between GABA_AR and D5R, and uncover a non-canonical role in regulating synaptic transmission.     

自动壳封焊机焊缝位置控制的实验研究

为解决自动壳封焊机机械凸轮式仿形的缺点，提出了基于电子凸轮的控制方案，为实现电子凸轮控制方案，在焊接轨迹形成分析的基础上，建立了焊枪位置控制的数学模型，改进后的自动焊机焊接试验表明，焊接位置误差较小，可以满足生产的需要。     

中厚板控制冷却过程的轧件跟踪

控制轧制与控制冷却技术所组成的热机械轧制工艺得到了广泛应用。其中精确的板坯跟踪是保证轧钢过程自动化的前提条件。文中较详细地介绍了热机械轧制过程的板坯跟踪方法。     

A machine vision approach to seam tracking in real-time in PAW of large-diameter stainless steel tube

Manual monitoring and seam tracking through watching weld pool images in real-time, by naked eyes or by industrial TV, are experience-depended, subjective, labor intensive, and sometimes biased. So it is necessary to realize the automation of computer-aided seam tracking. A PAW (plasma arc welding) seam tracking system was developed, which senses the molten pool and the seam in one frame by a vision sensor, and then detects the seam deviation to adjust the work piece motion adaptively to the seam position sensed by vision sensor. A novel molten pool area image-processing algorithm based on machine vision was proposed. The algorithm processes each image at the speed of 20 frames/second in real-time to extract three feature variables to get the seam deviation. It is proved experimentally that the algorithm is very fast and effective. Issues related to the algorithm are also discussed.     

Investigations of surface degradation of high‐density polyethylene materials resulting from tracking,using physicochemical analysis

In the present work tracking phenomena were studied with high‐density polyethylene (HDPE) materials under dc voltage, with NH₄Cl and acid rain as contaminants. It was determined that the tracking time of the material depends on the conductivity and flow rate of the contaminant. Furthermore, physicochemical analysis by wide‐angle X‐ray diffraction studies, differential scanning calorimetry, and luminescence spectroscopy was carried out, whereupon it was concluded that the tracking process is a surface‐degradation process. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 83: 2843–2849, 2002; DOI 10.1002/app.10260     

钢管除锈机设计与经验

介绍了钢管除锈机的基本原理及设计过程,实践证明:使用钢管除锈机不仅保证了除锈质量,还提高了工作效率。