建筑节能设计标准变革和建筑物的节能设计

按建筑节能设计标准的不同要求,将我国建筑节能发展历程分成几个不同的阶段。根据墙体材料的实际应用状况和保温隔热材料的发展状况,每个阶段设计重点和采取的设计思路都不同。现在既要满足高节能率又要满足新的消防要求。     

INFORMATION THEORETIC APPROACH TO SECURE LSFR CIPHERS

To break a normal LFSR cipher, a cryptanalyst needs only 2n bits of corresponding plain and ciphertext, where n is the number of stages of the shift register.[l] In this paper, a method of substituting completely random characters into the ciphertext and therefore preventing the encipherment of a full 2n-length sequence (under its proper key) will be discussed. Due to the high redundancy of English, a cipher containing several completely random characters will still be readable.     

SKT-14型数控风阀跳汰机在峻德选煤厂的应用

该文分析了峻德选煤厂使用的LTG-15型筛侧空气室跳汰机存在的问题及将原LTG-15型跳汰机更新为SKT-14型数控风阀跳汰机后各项分选指标,叙述了SKT-14型跳汰机的结构特点及使用后带来的经济效益。     

Isocyanurate based fluorinated polyurethane dispersion for anti-graffiti coatings

Fluorinated polyurethane dispersions (FPUDs) were synthesized using HDI isocyanurate, polyester polyol and DMPA with varying concentrations of trifluoro ethanol (TFE) in the range of 0–9 wt%. Further FPUDs were characterized by FT-IR and ¹H NMR for structural elucidation. Effects of trifluoro ethanol on the dispersion were evaluated by particle size analyzer. It was observed that with increase in TFE, particle size increases. Topography and contact angle were studied by atomic force microscopy (AFM) and goniometer, respectively. To gain more insight into the formation of roughness, power spectral density (PSD) analysis was carried out. It was found that with increase in TFE content, surface roughness increases due to migration of fluorinating agent on the coating substrate and consequently water repellency increases. Nano indentation of coating revealed that fluorinated coating possesses less stiffness and elastic modulus, due to the presence of fluorine on the coating. Further, coatings were analyzed for thermal properties by thermogravimetry analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) which shows the enhancement in thermal stability and glass transition temperature with increase in TFE content. Anti-graffiti test was carried out which showed improved resistance with increasing fluorine content.     

Fit‐first to be tied

This poem summarizes the fit‐first method of camera evaluation described in Jim Worthey's “Applications of vectorial color.” The algorithm works with the locus of unit monochromats (LUM) in camera and CIE color‐matching spaces. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Col Res Appl, 2011;     

Power Density and Electrical Efficiency in Closed Cycle MHD Generator with Fully Ionized Seed

Effects of a reduced seed concentration on performances of a nonequilibrium MHD generator are investigated by calculating power densities and electrical efficiencies for both Faraday and Hall generators.

It is shown that high electrical efficiencies and high power densities are obtained simultaneously by suppressing the ionization instability with reduced seed fractions (10^?4 ～10^?5) when values of the effective electrical conductivity and the effective Hall parameter recover to above 50% of their ideal ones. Results also indicate that argon is more suitable for a working fluid than helium in the case of a reduced seed concentration.     

放射性气溶胶冲击式采样器的设计与研究

为了提高冲击式采样器的捕集效率,以放射性气溶胶采样器为研究对象,利用斯托克原理计算冲击板的各个参数,并采用CFD软件对采样器喷嘴口处的空气场进行流场仿真。结果表明:减少采样器冲击板的冲击长度S可以缩小喷嘴处流场的负压区域,进而提高采样器捕集效率。     

External quantum efficiency response of thin silicon solar cell based on plasmonic scattering of indium and silver nanoparticles

This study characterized the plasmonic scattering effects of indium nanoparticles (In NPs) on the front surface and silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) on the rear surface of a thin silicon solar cell according to external quantum efficiency (EQE) and photovoltaic current–voltage. The EQE response indicates that, at wavelengths of 300 to 800 nm, the ratio of the number of photo-carriers collected to the number of incident photons shining on a thin Si solar cell was enhanced by the In NPs, and at wavelengths of 1,000 to 1,200 nm, by the Ag NPs. These results demonstrate the effectiveness of combining the broadband plasmonic scattering of two metals in enhancing the overall photovoltaic performance of a thin silicon solar cell. Short-circuit current was increased by 31.88% (from 2.98 to 3.93 mA) and conversion efficiency was increased by 32.72% (from 9.81% to 13.02%), compared to bare thin Si solar cells.     

Manufacture of magnetic circuits of axial welding equipment

Advanced technologies of producing magnetic circuits for axial welding transformers are discussed. The technologies proposed by the authors are characterized by the efficient utilization (almost without waste) of electrical engineering material, simple procedure and universal nature, high degree of automation and continuous technological process stages.     

Metronidazole-loaded nanostructured lipid carriers to improve skin deposition and retention in the treatment of rosacea

The objective of the present investigation was to improve the skin deposition and retention of metronidazole (MTZ) in rosacea therapy by incorporating it into nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs). The main challenge in this endeavor was the partial hydrophilicity of MTZ, which mandated careful selection of excipients, including solid and liquid lipids, surfactants, and their ratios in combination. NLCs were produced by the phase inversion temperature method and finally converted into a gel for topical application. The prepared nanoparticles were evaluated for their particle size, zeta potential, entrapment efficiency, solid-state characteristics, surface morphology, in vitro drug release, and permeation through excised skin. The gel was additionally characterized for its pH, drug content, viscosity, and spreadability. The prepared nanoparticles were spherical in shape and of size less than 300?nm. Incorporation of judiciously chosen excipients made possible a relatively high entrapment efficiency of almost 40%. The drug release was found to be biphasic, with an initial burst release followed by sustained release up to 8?hours. In comparison to the plain drug gel, which had a tissue deposition of 11.23%, the NLC gel showed a much superior and desirable deposition of 26.41%. The lipophilic nature of the carrier, its size, and property of occlusion enabled greater amounts of drug to enter and be retained in the skin, simultaneously minimizing permeation through the skin, i.e. systemic exposure. The results of the study suggest that NLCs of anti-rosacea drugs have the potential to be used in the therapy of rosacea.