Effect of prestressed ultrasonic peen forming parameters on bending curvature and spherical deformation of plate

The elastic prestressed ultrasonic peen forming (UPF) was adopted in order to solve problems of insufficient bending deformation and large spherical deformation of plate during free UPF. The theoretical analysis of prestressed UPF and the influence of elastic prebending moment on deformation were analyzed. Spherical deformation coefficient was defined to quantificationally describe the spherical deformation. Experiments were conducted to compare the differences between free UPF and prestressed UPF processes and the effects of processing parameters on bending curvature and spherical deformation coefficient were studied. The results show that peening trajectory in chordwise direction is beneficial to enlarging spanwise bending deformation and decreasing spherical deformation coefficient. Large prebending curvature is helpful to increase spanwise bending deformation and decrease chordwise deformation, thereby obviously decreasing spherical deformation coefficient. Large spanwise deformation can be obtained under large firing pin velocity, small plate thickness and small offset distance. Large firing pin velocity plays a positive role in decreasing spherical deformation, while plate thickness and offset distance have little effect on it. Above all, prebending curvature and peening trajectory are the most important factors during prestressed UPF process. This study provides guidance for parameters optimization of prestressed UPF for wing plate with large thickness.     

用动心辅助球面法求作相贯线的方法研究

阐述了用动心辅助球面法求相贯线的原理和方法 ,说明了该方法不仅适用于回转面相交 ,而且对其中一个是非回转面 ,另一个曲面的截交线是圆的情况也适用。该法既适用于两轴线相交 ,也适用于轴线平行的情况     

非线性状态下饱和紧密砂土的孔隙压力估算

介绍了无限土体中球孔扩张理论,以及在高应力状态下,考虑材料非线性时紧密砂性土的八面体应力及极限承载力解答,推演出了在非线性饱和紧密砂土内,球孔扩张压力下的孔隙压力公式,并分析了其分布特性。     

Indentation deformation and cracking behavior of hydrated aluminoborate glasses

Aluminoborate glasses have recently been found to feature high resistance to crack initiation during indentation due to a highly flexible network structure. In cesium aluminoborate glasses, it has been found that the use of a simple post-treatment, namely aging in a humid atmosphere, can further improve this resistance. To better understand the mechanical properties of this glass family upon humid aging, we here study the effect of aging conditions on the structure and mechanical properties of Li,K,Cs-aluminoborate glasses. As expected, we find that higher humidity and longer aging time cause more pronounced permeation of atmospheric water into the glasses. Due to their denser structure and stronger modifier-oxygen bonds, the humid aging has a relatively smaller effect on the mechanical properties of Li- and K-containing glasses relative to Cs-containing glasses, with the latter achieving an ultrahigh crack resistance. We find that the humid aging leads to the formation of a hydration layer in the Cs-aluminoborate glass surface, with a thickness of around 26 μm upon aging at 23 °C with 40% relative humidity for 7 days. Moreover, a remarkable indentation behavior, that is, the observation of μm-sized shear bands inside the imprint of the Cs-glass upon aging at 60% relative humidity is reported. Taken as a whole, the work provides guidelines for how to control the humid aging rate as a function of relative humidity and temperature to form a hydration layer and thus achieve improved crack resistance in such glasses.     

Glass with hydration-induced compressive stress profiles

A novel potassium phospho-aluminosilicate composition is described that can be strengthened by water vapor to achieve deep compressive stress (CS) profiles. Water vapor treatment at (A) 85°C and 85% relative humidity for 40 days results in a CS of 389 ± 20 MPa and a compressive depth of layer (DOL) of 18 ± 2 μm. When treated at (B) 160°C and 0.1 MPa for 7 days, a CS of 245 ± 20 MPa and a DOL of 40 ± 2 μm is achieved. Glasses with hydration-induced stress profiles can provide high retained strength following flaw introduction compared with ion-exchanged soda-lime silicate glass. Sample treatment B also has an exemplary Vickers indentation cracking threshold value greater than 20 kgf. The hydration profile determined by secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) is shown to closely match the stress profile for these samples. SIMS analysis also shows that the depth of water enrichment correlates well with the depletion depth of phosphorus. The high tendency towards water-induced strengthening for this new type of glass even enables self-strengthening by the generation of a near-surface CS profile following exposure to ambient conditions.     

磨粒磨损的磨粒接触热分析

针对磨粒磨损机制,采用球形磨粒模型和分形磨粒2种模型,利用有限元软件ANSYS分析磨粒磨损的滑动过程,探讨磨粒与磨损表面接触区內的温度变化、热应力分布及其随表层深度的变化情况,并对2种模型的分析结果进行对比分析。研究结果表明:球形磨粒模型中磨粒温度较高,接触体温度较低,磨粒与磨损表面温差较大,磨粒与表面接触处的Mises应力和剪应力分布比较分散;而分形磨粒模型中接触体温度较低,磨粒温度更低,磨粒与磨损表面温差较小,磨粒与表面接触处的Mises应力和剪应力分布比较集中,并且应力最大值比球形磨粒模型的大。     

磨粒磨损的接触分析

磨粒磨损作为磨损的主要类型之一,影响机械使用寿命。针对犁沟磨损机制,采用球形磨粒模型和分形磨粒模型,对于磨粒磨损的压入、滑动和压碎3个过程,利用有限元软件ANSYS,分析磨粒与磨损表面接触区的Mises应力和剪应力分布以及应力随表面深度的变化情况,并对2种模型的分析结果进行对比。研究结果表明,球形磨粒模型中,磨粒与表面接触处的Mises应力和剪应力分布比较分散,且应力峰值较小,在相同材料和压力下磨粒和表面均未压碎;然而分形磨粒模型中,磨粒与表面接触处的Mises应力和剪应力分布比较集中,且应力峰值较大,磨粒和表面均压碎。2种模型中,采用分形方法构造的分形磨粒形状与实际情况中的磨粒形状更加相似。     

高效疏水电荷诱导色谱介质的基团修饰及其色谱行为的初步研究

以粒径10μm、孔径300球形硅胶为载体,以γ-缩水甘油醚氧丙基三甲氧基硅烷(KH-560)为中间偶联剂,将4-巯基吡啶键合至硅胶上,制备了高效疏水电荷诱导色谱介质。通过单因素实验,探讨了反应温度、反应时间、KH-560的浓度对活化密度的影响,结果表明,在反应温度为75℃,反应时间为10 h条件下,KH-560的利用率大,可获得较宽范围的活化密度,此外还考察了缓冲液pH、反应温度、反应时间、4-巯基吡啶浓度对偶联密度的影响。结果表明,在pH=7.5的缓冲液,反应温度40℃,反应时间6 h下,4-巯基吡啶利用率高,通过控制4-巯基吡啶的浓度,可获得较宽范围的配基密度。最后,于高效液相色谱条件下,通过等度洗脱,考察了流动相pH对牛血清蛋白和溶菌酶保留因子的影响。并通过梯度洗脱,分离了不同等电点的牛血清蛋白和溶菌酶,验证了该介质的高效疏水电荷诱导色谱行为。     

球罐基础沉降差对支柱稳定性影响的分析处理

介绍了球罐安装中可能出现的球罐支柱失稳问题。对1台5000 m3球罐的基础沉降差对支柱稳定性的影响进行了计算分析,并提出了一些增强球罐支柱稳定性的措施。     

Fabrication of Titanium Bipolar Plates by Rubber Forming Process and Evaluation Characteristics of TiN coated Titanium Bipolar Plates

In this study, the rubber forming process is used to fabricate a micro‐channel titanium plate for a PEM fuel cell. The micro‐channel plate is fabricated using a 200 ton hydraulic press, and various parameters (punch speed, press pressure, rubber thickness, rubber hardness) are investigated in order to evaluate the formability. TiN films are deposited by reactive DC magnetron sputtering (DCMS) with an electromagnetic field system (EMFS). For the uncoated titanium and TiN‐coated titanium substrates, the hardness, surface roughness, and corrosion resistance are estimated by nano‐indentation and electrochemical methods, respectively. The improved corrosion resistance of the TiN films can be attributed to the densification of the film caused by enhancement of nitrification with increasing high reactive nitrogen radicals. The uncoated titanium and TiN‐coated titanium bipolar plates are combined with a unit cell for a performance test, and respective current densities of 0.396 and 0.888 A cm⁻² at 0.6 V are obtained.