基于利益相关者理论的BIM 价值与阻碍组合评价研究

BIM 支持建筑工程项目全生命周期内不同业务流程,是计算机系统和信息技术的技术赋能,表现了BIM 技术创新扩散的变革形式,可解释为利益相关者引导变革的主要动因要素。依据引文共线分析法展开共线统计和类属分析,分别建构反映BIM 价值与阻碍因素的组合影响共有信息;通过改良雪球抽样获得104 个样本数据,使用探索性因子分析与因子载荷线性函数,组合因子方差贡献率权重建立指标函数,分类计算各因子的综合分值与排名评价指标,以映射其经济与管理意涵,为进一步研究制定BIM 推广措施与实施计划,提供实践参照。     

Developing an equitable and sustainable mobility strategy for Havana

The particular political, economic and social conditions of the state of Cuba, in the Caribbean, have created unique possibilities for the development of a sustainable transport system in its capital city, Havana. This paper reports on the outcomes of a project to identify the possibilities and priorities for a long-term strategy for equitable and sustainable mobility for Havana. This involved almost 100 participants from Cuba and the UK in the 12 months from June 2013.Overall, the study found a high degree of agreement amongst the transport policy community as to the three key transport issues facing Havana:

• •high level of unmet demand,
• •lack of available financing,
• •poor state of the transport system.

Perhaps more surprisingly, it also produced a near consensus amongst the participants that any future policy should seek to increase the quality of the public transport system by:

• •increasing levels of investment,
• •securing efficiency savings,
• •working ‘smarter’.

However, it also found that this unified view is challenged by a desire for the car market to be deregulated, which would engender a very different policy approach. A strategic choice is needed now, to determine whether Havana follows a North American-style trajectory of rapid growth in car use or a less car-dependent pathway.     

欧美国家棕地开发策略研究

基于利益相关者理论,分析了欧美国家"棕地"开发过程中各利益相关者之间的关系以及所承担的责任,探寻"棕地"开发在规划、法规以及经济三个层面上的策略,以期指导我国"棕地"开发少走弯路。     

Exploring the complexity of hydrogen perception and acceptance among key stakeholders in Norway

This article explores the complexity of factors or mechanisms that can influence hydrogen stakeholder perception and acceptance in Norway. We systematically analyze 16 semi-structured in-depth interviews with industry stakeholders at local, municipal, regional, and national levels of interest and authority in Norway. Four empirical dimensions are identified that highlight the need for whole system approaches in hydrogen technology research: (1) several challenges, incentives, and synergy effects influence the hydrogen transition; (2) transport preferences are influenced by combined needs and limitations; (3) levels of knowledge and societal trust determinant to perceptions of risk and acceptance; and (4) national and international hydrogen stakeholders are crucial to building incentives and securing commitment among key actors. Our findings imply that project management, planners, engineers, and policymakers need to apply a whole system perspective and work across local, regional, and national levels before proceeding with large-scale development and implementation of the hydrogen supply chain.     

城中村改造中利益相关者治理的理论与对策

重新界定了城中村与城中村改造的本质,认为"城中村"的本质是各种利益相关者不同利益相互关系的联结,"城中村改造"的本质是不同利益相关者之间利益协调的合约再安排,而"城中村改造"的目标是为各利益相关者有效地创造价值。论文认为,城中村改造应确立"动态平衡地考虑利益相关者的多维利益要求"的基本原则,遵循改造后"实现价值的再创造"和"实现利益的重新均衡"的衡量标准,有效地协调并满足包括地方政府、村集体(及其村民)、开发商、外来暂住人群等核心利益相关者的多维利益要求。最后,论文尝试从城市规划角度构建城中村改造核心利益相关者"四位一体"利益协调机制,并提出若干政策建议。     

Public–private partnership projects in Greece: risk ranking and preferred risk allocation

Project participants, through experience, have an initial perception and predisposition towards risk and the types of risks they are willing and able to undertake. This is equally true for parties interested in public–private partnership (PPP) projects. These initial positions have been registered for the major Greek PPP market stakeholders potentially involved in a PPP arrangement through a survey covering all candidate construction companies, interested financing institutes and a number of public sector entities to be involved in PPPs. Findings revealed that stakeholders were, for the majority of risks identified, in agreement as to preferred risk allocation. Risk allocation preferences for construction companies were compared with similar findings for the UK, a mature PPP market, indicating a possible learning/maturing process based on the particular country background. Conclusions add to other surveys carried out on the subject and should enable public sector clients to establish a more efficient framework for risk allocation, thus reducing negotiations prior to contract award and minimizing the risk of poor risk distribution.     

Towards consistent modes of e‐health implementation: structurational analysis of a telecare programme's limited success

Telecare is the use of information and communication systems to facilitate care delivery to individuals in their homes. Although the expectations of telecare are high, its implementation has proved complex. This case study demonstrates this complexity through a structurational analysis of a telecare implementation process. The paper shows how structuration concepts enable a combined analysis of actors' interactions with a technology and of the interaction among these actors from different institutional contexts. In this example, fragmented multi‐actor agency induced an inconsistent implementation mode, leading to unsuccessful telecare appropriation. This paper concludes with a preliminary proposal for more consistent telecare implementation modes. These modes may better support the actors' reflexive monitoring and dialogue and inform further research.     

Built-in resilience through disaster risk reduction: operational issues

It has been argued that the broad range of people responsible for the delivery, operation and maintenance of the built environment need to become more proactively involved in making the built environment resilient to a wide range of known and unforeseen hazards and threats. Accordingly, the (actual and potential) roles of a wide range of stakeholders associated with the integration of disaster risk reduction into the (re-)development of the built environment are examined. A review of literature, government data and interviews with key stakeholders in England highlights that despite regulatory intentions to increase local resilience through the use of public and private sector stakeholders, a number of structural and operational obstacles exist. A range of strategies can be employed to overcome these obstacles: revisions to building codes, tightening planning policy, improving professional training, clarifying roles and missions, enabling complementary bottom-up and top-down approaches, and the provision of good-practice guidance about the broad range of structural and non-structural risk reduction measures. Many of the operational challenges are non-structural and require a coherent, overarching strategy: changing and aligning the social understandings and practices in civil society, government and built environment stakeholders.     

Domain-oriented design environments

The field of knowledge-based software engineering has been undergoing a shift in emphasis from automatic programming to human augmentation and empowerment. In our research work, we support this shift with an approach that embedshuman-computer cooperative problem-solving tools intodomain-oriented, knowledge-based design environments. Domain orientation reduces the large conceptual distance between problem-domain semantics and software artifacts. Integrated environments support the coevolution of specification and construction while allowing designers to access relevant knowledge at each stage within the software development process.This paper argues thatdomain-oriented design environments (DODEs) are complementary to the approaches pursued withknowledge-based software assistant systems (KBSAs). The DODE extends the KBSA framework by emphasizing a human-centered and domain-oriented approach facilitating communication about evolving systems among all stakeholders. The paper discusses the major challenges for software systems, develops a conceptual framework to address these problems, illustrates DODE with two examples, and assesses the contributions of the KBSA and DODE approaches toward solving these problems.     

矿产资源的属性及对应权益分析

矿业有序发展需要建立一套能够激励矿业相关利益主体的机制,而中国的矿业管理体制受纯自然资源管理观念的束缚,忽视了矿业开发运营过程中所形成的特殊社会资源利益主体的权益体现。本文从矿产资源的概念出发,说明矿产资源具有自然属性和社会属性。伴随矿产资源开发运营而形成的特殊社会资源是矿产资源的自然属性和社会属性的结合的产物,其价值是由未知矿产资源到可利用矿产资源的重要组成部分,应通过产权制度安排实现其权益主体的利益要求。