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41.
A generalized equation was derived to calculate the melting temperatures of homopolymers and copolymers. The Gibbs‐Thomson equation for homopolymers and a modified application to copolymers were derived using the proposed equation. The melting temperature Tm0 in the Flory equation corresponds to the melting temperature TmC,∞ of copolymer crystals with stems of infinite length. Also, TmC,n*, the melting temperature for copolymer crystals with stems containing the maximum possible number of structural units, n*, should be used instead of Tm0 as the basis of supercooling in crystallization. The proposed equation shows good agreement with experimental data for α‐alkene‐ethylene homogeneous copolymers. 相似文献
42.
This paper deals with the non-steady-state kinetics of direct thermal initiated polymerization. The initiation is assumed to be a bimolecular reaction of the monomer. The relationship between the radical concentration and the monomer conversion is rigorously derived. In further treatment a few very close approximations are introduced based on the fact that the number of monomer molecules reacting in the initiation step is much less than that consumed in the propagation step for a process producing high polymer, and the value of the rate constant for propagation or chain transfer is much lower than that for chain termination. Expressions for various molecular parameters, such as molecular weight distribution, number-average and weight-average degrees of polymerization, and dispersity, are given. Several numerical examples are provided. 相似文献
43.
分子结构对增塑聚氯乙烯性能的影响 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
研究了聚合度、分子量分布和支化结构对增塑聚氯乙烯加工流变性能和物理力学性能的影响。结果表明,增塑PVC的加工流变性能随聚合度的增加而恶化;拓宽分子量分布和引入支化结构均有利于加工流变性能的提高;增塑PVC的拉伸强度随聚合度的增加而提高,而压缩永久变形却随之减小;分子量分布对物理力学性能的影响不大;支化PVC的拉伸强度略有下降。 相似文献
44.
45.
Wood has long traditions as a building material, and is often used in construction elements, and as interior and exterior surfaces in the Nordic countries. In most applications, there are reaction to fire requirements to products used as surfaces, e.g. in escape routes and larger public spaces. Most wood products will therefore have to be treated with fire retardant (FR) agents to fulfil the strict requirements to properties connected to heat release and flame spread. Unfortunately, FR agents usually also increase the smoke production, as they cause a more incomplete combustion of the wood. The wood product manufacturers seek to find the optimal amount of FR additives where both heat release and smoke production in the classifying test are within the requirements given in the building regulations. This paper describes models for prediction of the European reaction to fire classes of wood products. The models are based on multivariate statistical analysis, and use test results from the cone calorimeter test as input. The presented models are, with very good precision, able to predict which Euroclass and additional smoke class a wood based product would obtain if it were to be tested in the single burning item test. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
46.
Polyurethanes were prepared from pure 4,4′-diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI), 1,4-butane diol (BDO) or 1,2-ethane diol (EDO) and α,ω-hydroxyl poly(propylene oxide) (PPO) by reaction injection moulding (RIM). Hard segment (MDI + BDO or EDO) level was 45–50 wt%. The PPO had about 20% ethylene oxide copolymerized in at the chain ends to provide 80% primary OH end groups. Mn was varied from 2000 to 4000. Dibutyl tin dilaurate catalyst and mould temperature were varied. Dynamic mechanical, wide-angle X-ray, differential scanning calorimeter, molecular weight and tensile elongation measurements were made on the RIM polyurethanes. At low reaction rates (low catalyst or temperature) highly crystalline, well phase separated but low molecular weight polymers were produced. At high catalyst or temperature levels more poorly phase separated but high molecular weight, tough polymers resulted. Higher Mn PPO gave better phase separation and EDO gave higher melting temperatures. Preventing hard segment crystallinity by substituting asymmetric MDI or glycols resulted in phase compatibility. 相似文献
47.
钢结构稳定设计——理论与实践 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
本文提出了实际工程结构的非线性理论设计和分析方法(NIDA),并以澳门回归纪念馆的设计为例,展示了本方法的优越性.在设计过程中,设计者无需假设K系数和有效长度,在结构分析完成后便可迅速完成设计,因此本文提出的方法既经济又便利.尽管对于钢框架在往复荷载及动力荷载作用下的弹塑性大位移分析已经非常成熟,但本文的方法开创了结构的非线性分析及设计的新纪元,能够对现行的设计方法理论起到巨大的推动作用. 相似文献
48.
超高分子量聚乙烯衬板在煤仓中的应用 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
介绍了井底煤仓溜煤斜面采用超高分子量聚乙烯衬板安装及应用情况 ,对井底煤仓棚煤原因及解决办法进行了探讨 相似文献
49.
热带城市垃圾典型组分的热解特性研究 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
对热带城市垃圾的几种典型组分进行了热解实验,得到了它们的失重曲线,通过对失重曲线进行分析,得到了这几种典型组分的热解规律,并通过建立热解动力学模型,求出了其中两种组分的活化能E和频率因子A。 相似文献
50.