Modal analysis of human body vibration model for Indian subjects under sitting posture

Need and importance of modelling in human body vibration research studies are well established. The study of biodynamic responses of human beings can be classified into experimental and analytical methods. In the past few decades, plenty of mathematical models have been developed based on the diverse field measurements to describe the biodynamic responses of human beings. In this paper, a complete study on lumped parameter model derived from 50th percentile anthropometric data for a seated 54- kg Indian male subject without backrest support under free un-damped conditions has been carried out considering human body segments to be of ellipsoidal shape. Conventional lumped parameter modelling considers the human body as several rigid masses interconnected by springs and dampers. In this study, concept of mass of interconnecting springs has been incorporated and eigenvalues thus obtained are found to be closer to the values reported in the literature. Results obtained clearly establish decoupling of vertical and fore-and-aft oscillations.     

Whole-body vibration exposure in sport: four relevant cases

This study investigates the whole-body vibration exposure in kite surfing, alpine skiing, snowboarding and cycling. The vibration exposure was experimentally evaluated following the ISO 2631 guidelines. Results evidenced that the most critical axis is the vertical one. The weighted vibration levels are always larger than 2.5 m/s² and the vibration dose values are larger than 25 m/s^1.75. The exposure limit values of the EU directive are reached after 8–37 min depending on the sport. The vibration magnitude is influenced by the athletes’ speed, by their skill level and sometimes by the equipment. The large vibration values suggest that the practice of sport activities may be a confounding factor in the aetiology of vibration-related diseases.     

Predicting and controlling risks from human exposures to vibration and mechanical shock: flag waving and flag weaving

At work or in leisure activities, many people are exposed to vibration or mechanical shocks associated with risks of injury or disease. This paper identifies information that can be used to decide whether there may be a risk from exposure to hand-transmitted vibration or whole-body vibration and shock, and suggests actions that can control the risks. The complex and time-varying nature of human exposures to vibration and shock, the complexity of the different disorders and uncertainty as to the mechanisms of injury and the factors influencing injury have prevented the definition of dose–response relationships well proven by scientific study. It is necessary to wave a flag indicating when there is a need to control risks from exposure to vibration and shock while scientific enquiry provides understanding needed to weave a better flag. It is concluded that quantifying exposure severity is often neither necessary nor sufficient to either identify risks or implement measures that control the risks.Practitioner Summary: The identification of risks associated with exposure to vibration and mechanical shock cannot, and need not, rely solely on the quantification of exposure severity. Qualitative methods can provide a sufficient indication of the need for control measures, which should not be restricted to reducing standardised measures of exposure severity.     

基于生理振动分析的手机用户身份识别

为保护手机用户的个人信息,对用户进行身份识别认证,提出一种生物识别方法。利用智能手机内置的传感器,采集人体的生理振动信息;通过对采集数据进行去重力等预处理,提取均值、方差、能量、峰度、偏度等特征指标,利用z‐score方法进行标准化处理;进行分类器设计,得出分类器的查准率、误检率等评价指标。分析60组不同用户的生理振动数据,分析结果表明,该分类器的查准率最高可达98?33％。     

PID和自适应算法在脉搏仿真器振动控制中的应用

以实现远程脉诊的脉象物理再现为切入点,设计了能够模拟人体脉象的脉搏振动器,并对振动信号的控制模块进行了设计,构建可还原真实脉象的脉搏再现系统,使在远处的医生能够身临其境地感受到患者的实际脉搏,从而进行诊断治疗。简单介绍了脉搏再现系统的硬件设计,主要包括基于DSP的脉搏信号发生器和模拟人体桡动脉寸、关、尺搏动的电磁振动器。运用自敏感的思路,通过粘贴在振动梁上的应变片敏感振动位移,作为振动控制的反馈量。基于理论分析,建立了基于音圈电机的脉搏振动原理样机,设计了PID控制算法和截断数据LMS算法,并对脉搏信号进行了开环和闭环实验,通过实验结果的对比和分析知,截断数据LMS算法对脉搏波的控制要优于PID算法。     

震动信号识别传感器系统设计

设计了一种具有信号识别功能的震动传感器,用于监测地面运动引起的信号,实现安防区域24h无人监控.系统利用处理器实现信号识别算法,通过无线芯片将识别结果发送给数据控制系统中心,实现传感器信号识别和信息传输功能.实验测试结果表明:该系统能够在3s内有效地对25m距离内的人和车辆信号进行识别,正确识别率达96％;在10s内对100 m距离内的轮式车和履带式车识别,正确识别率达90％.     

壳体振动测量方法及实例分析

该文介绍了壳体振动测量原理,并针对现场具体实例,结合测量原理分析测量偏差的原因,通过具体实例说明了从测量原理人手分析现场实际问题的必要性.     

核电站堆芯温度场软测量方法研究

核电站堆芯内部温度是反应堆安全运行的重要参数,由于受到测点安装条件的限制,无法直接测量。为解决该问题,在现有压水堆堆芯功率模型的基础上,结合稳态传热热量守恒方程,构建堆芯温度场的计算模型,推算出堆芯内部温度。并通过数值模拟计算结果与堆芯出口实测值的比较,运用数据不确定度作为判断依据,验证了方法的可行性,得到了堆芯内部不同截面的二维温度分布图,为堆芯内部温度的实时监测提供了理论依据。     

尾段主梁刚度变化对T型尾翼颤振特性的影响

由于T型尾翼结构和气动布局的特殊性,其颤振特性的分析比较复杂.T型尾翼安装在机身尾部,这体现在有限元结构模型中即为T型尾翼与尾段主梁相连接.为了研究尾段主梁的刚度变化对T型尾翼颤振特性的影响,以某T型尾翼飞机的尾段为研究对象,根据其原始刚度,分别改变其垂直弯曲刚度和扭转刚度,并计算分析相应刚度下的固有振动特性与颤振特性.最后分别以这两个刚度为变量,另一个刚度的原始值为常量进行分析.结果表明尾段主梁的刚度变化对垂尾弯扭耦合颤振的影响较为显著.     

A Robust Controller for A 3‐DOF Flexible Robot with a Time Variant Payload

This article describes a new control scheme designed for a three degree of freedom (3‐DOF) flexible robot. The control scheme consists of two multi variable control loops. The inner loop is the motor's position control system, while the outer loop controls the robot tip's position, thus canceling vibrations which are originated by the structural flexibility of the manipulator during movement. As it will be shown, the outer control loop is robust to payload variations. The outer loop performance is based on a perfect cancelation of the inner loop dynamics. The effects of not achieving such perfect cancelation are also studied, and rules for designing a robust controller in this case are developed. Simulations assuming different payloads have been carried out with successful results for trajectory tracking. Trajectory tracking with a variable payload is also achieved.