Suppression of void coalescence in thermal aging of tin-silver-copper-X solder joints

Addressing the potential for drop impact failure of Pb-free interconnects, the shear ductility after extensive aging of Sn-Ag-Cu (SAC) solders has been improved radically by Co or Fe modifications. Several other SAC+X candidates (X=Mn, Ni, Ge, Ti, Si, Cr, and Zn) now have been tested. Solder joint microstructures and shear strength results show that new SAC+X alloys also suppress void formation and coalescence at the Cu (substrate)/Cu₃Sn interface (and embrittlement) after aging at 150°C for up to 1,000 h. Microprobe measurements of 1,000 h aged samples suggest that Cu substitution by X is usually accentuated in the intermetallic layers, consistent with X=Co and Fe results.     

Multi-User MIMO Mobile CDMA Uplink System Employing Turbo Coding and Joint Detection Through a Multipath Rayleigh Fading Channel

In this paper, a generalized multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna system that can be fitted to the uplink of a wireless communication system is considered for the general case of multi-user. At the transmitter, the information bits are Turbo coded, then interleaved and passed through a serial-to-parallel converter. The channel is assumed bad urban suffering from multipath Rayleigh fading resulting in inter-symbol and multiple access interferences (ISI and MAI). At the front-end of the receiver, a number of receiving antennas are used followed by a joint multi-user estimator based on the Minimum Mean Square Error Block Linear Equalizer (MMSE-BLE).Computer simulations demonstrate a significant performance improvement in both single user and multi-user cases.This paper depends in parts on that presented at the 11th European Wireless Conference, Cyprus, Nicosia, pp. 187–192, April 2005. Yasmine A. Fahmy was born in Guiza, Egypt, on June 4, 1976. She received the B.Sc., M.Sc. and Ph.D. degrees in Communication and Electronics engineering from Cairo University, Egypt on 1999, 2001 and 2005 respectively. She is presently an assistant professor at Cairo University, Egypt. Her current field of interest is wireless communication and channel estimation. Hebat-Allah M. Mourad received her B.Sc., M. Sc. and Ph.D. degrees in electrical communication engineering from Cairo University, Egypt, in 1983, 1987 and 1994 respectively. Since 1983, she has been with the Department of Electronics and Communications, Faculty of Engineering, Cairo University, and is currently associate professor there. Her research interests include optical fiber communications, mobile and satellite communications. Emad K. Al-Hussaini received his B.Sc degree in Electrical Communication Engineering from Ain-Shams University, Cairo, Egypt, in 1964 and his M.Sc and Ph.D. degrees from Cairo University, Giza, Egypt, in 1974 and 1977, respectively. From 1964 to 1970, he was with the General Egyptian Aeroorganization. Since 1970, he has been with the Department of Electronics and Communications, Faculty of Engineering, Cairo University, and is currently professor there. He was a research fellow at Imperial College, London, UK, and at the Moore School of Electrical Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA, in the academic years 1976/1977 and 1981/1982, respectively. In 1990, he received the Egyptian national encouragement award for outstanding engineering research. He has written several papers for technical international journals and conferences. His research interests include signal processing, fading channel communication, modulation, and cellular mobile radio systems. Dr Al-Hussaini is a senior member of IEEE. He is listed in Marquis Whos Who in the World and in the IBC (International Biographical Center, Cambridge) for outstanding people of the 20th century.     

拉普拉斯变换的图形分析

以单边指数函数为例，分析了拉普拉斯变换象函数F(s)在其收敛域内随σ和ω的变化规律，通过|F(s)|曲面图来观察这些规律，并解释了图中某些特定点及剖面的含义，以形象化的方式加深对拉普拉斯变换的认识。借助MATLAB的绘图功能绘制出F(s)的曲面图、剖面图及信号的频谱图，从中可以观察到频域与复频域的关系以及系统函数的零极点分布等。     

钢筋混凝土框架梁截面的优化确定

以梁的配筋和截面有效高度为优化设计变量 ,导出了 RC框架梁的优化配筋率和优化设计高度 ,并给出了各种荷载作用下 ,不同设防烈度和场地类别条件下的截面优化设计高度表达式 ,为设计人员提供了方便 .     

Gaze cueing of attention: Visual attention, social cognition, and individual differences.

During social interactions, people's eyes convey a wealth of information about their direction of attention and their emotional and mental states. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of past and current research into the perception of gaze behavior and its effect on the observer. This encompasses the perception of gaze direction and its influence on perception of the other person, as well as gaze-following behavior such as joint attention, in infant, adult, and clinical populations. Particular focus is given to the gaze-cueing paradigm that has been used to investigate the mechanisms of joint attention. The contribution of this paradigm has been significant and will likely continue to advance knowledge across diverse fields within psychology and neuroscience. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

一种新型预应力托换结点的试验研究

针对深圳地铁的桩基托换而进行了一种新型预应力托换结点的试验研究，通过试验，得到了此托换结点的受力特性，为同类的大型托换的理论及实践提供了一种安全可行的方案。     

桥口南--徐集地区三维地震资料连片处理技术

针对东濮桥口南—徐集地区三维地震资料的特点及本区块的地质要求，制定处理流程，应用能量均衡、面元均化、三维道内插、三维DMO叠加及三维一步法偏移等技术方法，研究解决因为不同年代、不同方法、不同参数所采集的地震数据在连片处理时存在的问题，精细处理三维连片资料，满足构造解释精度的要求，对进一步落实该区构造和增储上产具有重要的作用。     

唐钢第二炼铁厂3#高炉开口机改造及效果

对唐钢第二炼铁厂3#高炉开口机的工作原理及其在工作中存在的问题进行了分析，通过对开口机四连杆机构、十路接头油管的改造，节约了大量的备件费用，具有较好的推广使用价值。     

连续多跨大柱距空旷厂房的空间结构设计

以鞍钢大型厂房改造工程为例,介绍了一种打破常规的空间设计方法,并阐述了大跨度吊车桁架支座、节点等重要传力部位的构造形式及其利弊,可供同类工业厂房改造工程设计时参考。     

重庆嘉华大坪隧道变断面衬砌台车设计

本文介绍变断面衬砌台车设计,用以解决重庆嘉华大坪隧道变断面大跨度衬砌施工。