外载荷作用下的船体梁极限弯矩

为了合理地预测船体梁极限弯矩,基于通用有限元系统,结合材料非线性和初始缺陷处理方法,考虑货物载荷、静水压力和水动压力等局部载荷和水平弯矩、扭转等外载荷作用,建立了一个计及外载荷效应的船体极限强度非线性有限元分析的框架.采用该文方法对Paik计算模型中受局部载荷作用的加筋板的极限强度进行了分析,计算结果表明,方法准确可靠.最后,计及外载荷作用对某型油船的极限弯矩进行了计算分析,研究表明:外载荷效应是不可忽略的,船体梁极限承载能力不仅与船体结构自身有关,还与外载荷密切相关.因此,建议根据船舶的具体装载工况分别进行船体梁极限承载能力计算.     

分数布朗运动下的可分离债券定价

假定股票价格服从分数布朗运动,且无风险利率为时间的确定性函数,股票价格的波动率为常数。利用分数布朗运动随机分析理论与方法,建立股票价格服从分数布朗运动的金融市场数学模型,并得到了可分离债券的定价公式。     

岩石节理多层结构模型研究

为了研究节理细观形态对其宏观力学性状的影响,据岩石节理分形特点,将节理面分解为不同层次细观结构面,节理破坏拟为粗糙度分层渐进破坏的过程,基于Plesha本构建立了岩石节理多层结构模型.模型将粗糙度定义为等效起伏角,力学响应发生在最底层（基本面）,结构面受力性状由下层结构面平均化得到,基本面破坏后,其上层结构面转化为基本面.模型考虑了弹性变形、滑动变形、磨损、剪断、压碎、分离等作用机理,能模拟剪胀、应变软化等现象,能考虑单调及循环剪切效应.采用ABAQUS的用户子程序UEL进行了模型验证与参数分析.计算表明：峰值剪切应力随着结构层次的增加而增大;在结构层次不变时,等效峰值摩擦系数随法向应力的增大而减小;剪切应力终值由基本摩擦角控制;剪应力 位移曲线形态取决于粗糙度结构特性;模型中刚度系数对剪切性状影响很小.     

FEM analyses for influences of stress corrosion and pressure solution on THM coupling in dual-porosity rock mass

With the models of stress corrosion and pressure solution, by Yasuhara et al., two computation conditions were designed for a hypothetical nuclear waste repository in an unsaturated dual-porosity rock mass: (i) the fracture apertures are changed with the stress corrosion and pressure solution (the porosity of rock matrix is also a function of stress); (ii) the fracture apertures and the porosity of rock matrix are constants. Then the corresponding two-dimensional FEM analyses for the coupled thermohydro-mec...     

基于小波变换的地震波时变功率谱估计

为进一步认识地震动的非平稳特性,基于小波变换提出一种估计时变功率谱的方法.利用小波变换的带通滤波特性,结合时变功率谱的物理意义,从能量的角度推导各频带上小波系数与时变功率谱密度函数的关系,从而通过地震动信号的小波系数估计时变功率谱.利用基于小波变换的估计时变功率谱方法,针对实测和模拟地震动信号进行时变功率谱估计,并与基于傅里叶变换估计的功率谱进行了比较验证.结果表明：该方法正确、可行,它将原有的频率-幅值的二维认识提高到频率-时间-幅值的三维认识,解决了傅里叶变换估计功率谱缺乏时间信息的问题.     

Numerical simulation of electroosmotic flow in hydrophobic microchannels

Electroosmotic flow (EOF) is a promising way for driving and mixing fluids in microfluidics. For the parallel-plate microchannel with the hydrophobic surface, this paper solved the governing equations using the finite element method (FEM), and the effects of microchannel height, electric strength and ionic concentration on EOF were thus investigated. The simulation indicates that the transient characteristics of EOF are similar in hydrophobic and hydrophilic microchannels, the steady time of EOF is proportional to the square of microchannel height, and the scale is microsecond. EOF velocity is proportional to the electric strength and independent of the channel height, and decreases slowly with the ionic concentration, which is lower than that in hydrophilic microchannel due to the presence of slip length in hydrophobic microchannel. The results can provide valuable insights into the optimal design of microchannel surfaces to achieve accurate EOF control in hydrophobic microchannel. Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 50730007)     

p-moment stability of stochastic impulsive differential equations and its application in impulsive control

The exponential p-moment stability of stochastic impulsive differential equations is addressed. A new theorem to ensure the p-moment stability is established for the trivial solution of the stochastic impulsive differential system. As an application of the theorem proposed, the problem of controlling chaos of Lorenz system which is excited by parameter white-noise excitation is considered using impulsive control method. Finally, numerical simulation results are given to verify the feasibility of our approach. Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 10772046)     

Two-stage stochastic minimum cost consensus models with asymmetric adjustment costs

When dealing with consensus cost problems with asymmetric adjustment costs, the uncertain scenarios with certain probabilities which are becoming a serious problem decision-makers have to face. However, existing optimization-based consensus models have failed to consider uncertain factors that could influence the final consensus and total consensus cost. In order to better deal with these issues, it is necessary to develop practical consensus optimal models. Thus, we establish three two-stage stochastic minimum cost consensus models with asymmetric adjustment costs that may eventually lead the way to better consensus outcomes. The impact of uncertain parameters (such as individual opinions, unit asymmetric adjustment costs, compromise limits, cost-free thresholds) are investigated by modeling three kinds of uncertain consensus models. We solve the proposed two-stage stochastic consensus problem iteratively using the L-shaped algorithm and show the convergence of the algorithm. Furthermore, a case of pollution control negotiations verifies the practicability of the proposed models. Moreover, the comparison of results with the L-shaped algorithm and CPLEX shows that the L-shaped algorithm is more effective in solving time. Some discussions and comparisons on local and global sensitivity analysis of the uncertain parameters are presented to reveal the features of the proposed models. Finally, the relationships between the minimum cost consensus model and minimum cost consensus models with asymmetric adjustment costs and the proposed models are also provided.     

横向整合战略下异质车辆库存路径优化模型

以实现供货商联盟期望物流成本最小化为目标,针对需求随机波动下的多供货商多产品库存路径问题（IRP）进行了研究。基于横向整合战略,设计了供货商联盟成员间车辆配送成本的合理分摊方式。考虑零售商配送软硬时间窗和库存服务水平要求,构建了多供货商多产品的异质车辆库存路径混合整数随机规划模型,并利用需求累积分布逆函数将其转化为确定型规划模型。然后设计改进遗传算法求解该确定型规划模型。算例分析结果显示,使用异质车辆配送可以比使用同质重型和轻型车辆分别降低供货商联盟总成本8.3%和11.92%,分别提升配送车辆装载率24%和17%。敏感性分析结果表明,无论供货商供货数量占联盟总供货数量比例和零售商商品需求变异系数如何变化,采用异质车辆配送的供货商联盟总成本都能得到有效降低;且需求变异系数越大,采用异质车辆配送的优势越明显。     

多腔钢管混凝土分叉柱力学性能有限元分析

为研究异形截面多腔钢管混凝土分叉柱的力学性能及设计方法,以北京某超高层建筑异形截面多腔钢管混凝土巨型分叉柱为原型,在已进行的低周反复荷载试验基础上,对异形截面多腔钢管混凝土分叉柱抗震性能进行有限元分析,研究了不同构造措施、不同钢材及混凝土强度等级等参数对钢管混凝土分叉柱抗震性能的影响.结果表明:基于本文提出的有限元建模方法,所得有限元分析结果与试验结果吻合较好;适当增加腔体数,设置肋板、角钢和钢管能够有效提高异形截面钢管混凝土分叉柱抗震性能;在等用钢量下,增加腔体数量比增加钢板厚度能更有效地提高分叉柱抗震性能;不同材料强度对异形截面钢管混凝土分叉柱抗震性能有较大影响,在进行其抗震设计时,宜选用强度等级匹配的钢材与混凝土.