氩放电检测器气相色谱仪在高纯氩气检测中的应用

氩放电检测器(Argon Discharge Detector)是一种用氩气做载气的气相色谱仪专用检测器,因其具有独特的检测能力,在氩气检测领域应用较为广泛。采用AGC仪器公司生产的Nova CHROM2000搭载氩放电检测器(ADD)气相色谱仪,对该检测器的检测能力进行评测。     

Multi-response optimization of the electrical discharge machining of insulating zirconia

In this study, electrical discharge machining has been used to machine insulating zirconia via the assisting electrode method. The process parameter optimization was investigated by combining the Taguchi method with grey relational analysis. The application of Taguchi–grey relational analysis is proven to effectively improve the performance of electrical discharge machining in drilling insulating zirconia. The results of this analysis indicate that the final optimal process parameters are a peak current of 8 A, a pulse duration of 16?µs, a duty cycle of 0.5, and a flushing pressure of 6?MPa. Additionally, the material removal rate, electrode wear rate, and hole taper ratio increase by 39%, 1.5%, and 1.3%, respectively, which improves the grey relational grade by 6.8%. The electrical resistance test confirms that the conductivity of the conductive layer obtained using the final optimal process parameters is better than that of the conductive layer obtained using the initial optimal process parameters. Energy spectrum analysis reveals that the conductive layer is composed of C, Cu, Zn, Zr, and O. Analysis of variance shows that the most significant component of the multi-responses is the peak current, with a 51.4% contribution.     

Adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system multi-objective optimization using the genetic algorithm/singular value decomposition method for modelling the discharge coefficient in rectangular sharp-crested side weirs

In the present article, the adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) is employed to model the discharge coefficient in rectangular sharp-crested side weirs. The genetic algorithm (GA) is used for the optimum selection of membership functions, while the singular value decomposition (SVD) method helps in computing the linear parameters of the ANFIS results section (GA/SVD-ANFIS). The effect of each dimensionless parameter on discharge coefficient prediction is examined in five different models to conduct sensitivity analysis by applying the above-mentioned dimensionless parameters. Two different sets of experimental data are utilized to examine the models and obtain the best model. The study results indicate that the model designed through GA/SVD-ANFIS predicts the discharge coefficient with a good level of accuracy (mean absolute percentage error?=?3.362 and root mean square error?=?0.027). Moreover, comparing this method with existing equations and the multi-layer perceptron–artificial neural network (MLP-ANN) indicates that the GA/SVD-ANFIS method has superior performance in simulating the discharge coefficient of side weirs.     

液氮温区固-液复合绝缘气体小桥对沿面放电的影响

采用IEC脉冲电流法(IEC60270标准)对液氮温区超导复合绝缘沿面放电现象及其影响因素进行了研究。在六面屏蔽的局部放电实验室内,研究了不同放电条件对放电起始电压、放电量、击穿电压等的影响,进而研究了其作用机理,并用有限元方法开展了相关计算。实验数据表明,不同放电条件明显影响放电重复率、平均放电量、最大放电量等,放电产生的气泡越容易逸出,放电越严重;液氮的流动使放电起始电压有一定的升高,但对最终击穿电压影响不大;在放电通道上施加阻挡之后可明显提高最终的闪络击穿电压。     

An Approach to Synthesize Thick α- and γ-Al2O3 Coatings by High-Speed Physical Vapor Deposition

Crystalline α- and γ-Al₂O₃ exhibit in many applications high wear resistance, chemical resistance, and hot hardness, making them interesting materials for production engineering. To synthesize α-Al₂O₃ with high coating thickness of s ≥ 10 μm, chemical vapor deposition at temperatures T > 1000 °C is well established. However, there are almost no studies dealing with the synthesis of thick α-Al₂O₃ by physical vapor deposition (PVD) at high temperatures T > 700 °C. High-temperature deposition of thick coatings can be realized by means of the dense hollow cathode plasma, combined with the transport function of the plasma gas in high-speed (HS) PVD. Herein, crystalline α- and γ-Al₂O₃ films are deposited on cemented carbides at substrate temperatures T _s ≈ 570 °C and T _s ≈ 780 °C by HS-PVD. These coatings exhibit a thickness up to s = 20 μm. Moreover, phase analysis presents α-phases in coatings synthesized at substrate temperature of T _s ≈ 780 °C with significant higher hardness than films by T _s ≈ 570 °C. These release the potential of HS-PVD to synthesize α-Al₂O₃ coatings with high thickness. Thereby, a higher thickness of these coatings is beneficial for the wear protection of turning and die casting tools.     

Spark discharge generator as a stable and reliable nanoparticle synthesis device: Analysis of the impact of process and circuit variables on the characteristics of synthesized nanoparticles

Nanotechnology offers the promise of harnessing quantum properties not available in the bulk phase. These desirable properties are highly dependent on size and composition. Generators that control these variables are therefore essential for progress in the field. The spark discharge generator (SDG) is an outstanding aerosol route for nanoparticle synthesis, which stands out due to its fast kinetics, scalability, high purity, accuracy and reproducibility, with the added advantage of allowing the synthesis of nanoparticles of any conducting material. These advantages are a consequence of its vast heating and cooling rates, its intrinsic and easily controllable electronic variables at the reach of a click. However, the mechanistic impact of these variables on the actual aerosol generated is still not fully understood. In this work, we constructed an SDG and systematically studied its behavior with particular interest in the effect that resistance, capacitance, inductance, flow rate, gap separation and current have on the electrical behavior of the spark. Our model system produced primarily Fe and Cu nanoparticles with measured concentrations ranging 5*10⁵ – 2*10⁷ part/cm³, and mean agglomerate sizes of 5 – 80 nm. We discuss how the spark influences particle size and number concentration and provide useful correlations that link dependent with independent variables. Remarkably, a finite resistance produces a maximum in the output of the generated aerosols. This suggests a direct link between RLC properties of the circuit and cabling into the frequency of the spark, and nanoparticle number concentration, indicating potential for exploiting such behavior towards maximizing nanoparticle generation. Furthermore, we discuss a link between spark oscillations and energy release with its consequent aerosol generation.     

煤介质阻挡放电脱硫的影响因素分析

依据介质阻挡放电理论,对原煤进行煤介质阻挡放电脱硫实验。实验结果表明,煤介质阻挡放电脱硫的影响因素与电极结构、介质成分和气隙距离等因素有关,如将介质放到放电间隙中间时脱硫的效果没有将介质直接放在放电极板上的脱硫效果好,加煤的情况下微放电的强度明显大于不加煤的微放电过程强度;脱硫效果呈"U"字型变化,由此推论,在一定的外界条件下,煤介质阻挡放电除硫有一个最佳的施加电压;随着电压的增加,放电脉冲的相位范围逐渐扩展。     

尖端导体电晕放电试验研究

电晕放电是高压电力工程及航空航天领域研究的重点及难点问题;为研究尖端导体电晕放电的辐射特点,设计了电晕放电试验模拟系统;利用测试系统及天线在微波暗室内进行了不同测试距离、不同放电电压及不同尖端导体长度条件下的试验;通过对试验数据的分析可知,电晕放电辐射信号呈衰减振荡模式;电晕放电脉冲重复率随着充电电压的增大而增加;天线接收的辐射信号能量与测试距离成反比;随着充电电压的增加,信号辐射功率呈增加趋势;试验研究结果为输变电工程、航空航天装备的电磁环境分析提供参考。