两种方法提取琉璃苣叶多糖的理化性质 及生理活性

本研究旨在制备两种琉璃苣叶水溶性多糖，进一步探究其结构特征，并评价其降血糖、抗癌和免疫活性。采用纤维素酶辅助提取（BLP-1）和微波辅助提取法（BLP-2）制备琉璃苣叶水溶性多糖，并比较了BLP-1和BLP-2的理化性质，通过分析α-葡萄糖苷酶和α-淀粉酶的抑制效果来评价BLP-1和BLP-2的降血糖活性，通过检测HepG2、MX-1和A549细胞的抑制率来评价抗癌活性，通过检测RAW246.7的免疫因子分泌来评价免疫活性。结果表明，BLP-1和BLP-2具有不同的多糖和蛋白质含量。BLP-1和BLP-2由阿拉伯糖（Ara）、半乳糖（Gal）、葡萄糖（Glc）、木糖（Xyl）组成，但摩尔比组成不同，其分子量分别为20.1和22.6KDa。热重分析（TGA）表明BLP-2比BLP-1具有更稳定的结构。这两种多糖具有抑制α-葡萄糖苷酶和α-淀粉酶活性、抑制HepG-2、A549和MX-1癌细胞增殖以及激活巨噬细胞RAW 264.7细胞分泌免疫细胞因子以介导细胞免疫反应的潜力。两种多糖可作为新功能食品和医药产品中的生物活性成分，为进一步研究两种多糖的构效关系提供了理论依据。     

振动剪切作用下聚合物熔体的非仿射网络结构模型 Ⅱ．非仿射网络结构模型

假设聚合物熔体的缠结网络形变是非仿射的，运用瞬态网络结构原理，采用在本课题第一部分^[1]中所建立的动态速率方程，并对上随体Maxwell本构方程加以修正来建立一个非仿射网络结构模型，利用这一模型来研究振动剪切作用下LDPE熔体的流变行为，研究表明，随着应变振幅和频率的增加，LDPE熔体的剪切应力也增加，同时指出了非仿射网络结构模型的精确变比仿射结构模型有较大提高，这表明在振动力场作用下，网络形变发生了非仿射形变，因此在建立振动力场作用下聚烯烃熔体本构方程时，不能假设其网络是仿射形变的。     

Prediction of DNA-binding regulatory proteins in bacteriophage T7

The high-resolution structure of several specific DNA-bindingproteins have been determined, and they display a common structuralmotif which mediates their binding to DNA. This motif consistsof two -helices connected by a sharp turn, and its amino acidsequence has several distinguishing features. A computer searchof the proteins coded by the genome of bacteriophage T7 hasbeen performed in an attempt to identify those proteins thatpotentially contain this motif. Eight proteins were found tohave regions similar to that of the motif. Of these, three arerelatively small, have no known function and are good candidatesfor being DNA-binding regulatory proteins. The methods describeduse commonly available computer programs and databases, andare therefore easy to implement.     

基于十二烷基衣康酸甘油酯的光电双响应传感器

该文制备了一种利用结构色水凝胶作为导电电极的光电双响应传感器。以十二烷基衣康酸甘油酯(DGI)、丙烯酰胺、十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)、氯化钠等为原料,通过双分子层自组装的方法,制备了结构色水凝胶。将这种结构色水凝胶与传统电容型传感器相结合,得到了光电双响应传感器。采用SEM、LCR数字电桥、拉力试验机、光纤光谱仪等对器件进行了结构、光学、电学及机械性能的表征。结果表明:传感器在拉伸状态(0～100%)和压缩状态(0～60.9k Pa)下,传感器的电容分别变化了31%和44%,其自身颜色在可见光光谱内可以动态可逆地从红色变化到紫色。经历15000次循环拉伸后,传感器性能依旧保持稳定。利用传感器颜色的刺激响应性,传感器在发生形变时,其表面可以清楚地显示出应变源的位置和形状,这样传感器在检测时就可以实现可视化效果。     

Structural material from waste plastic

In efforts to contribute to community development, particularly in the context of Egyptian communities, waste plastics materials were successfully recycled without the difficult task of separation and reused to economically produce new structural material. Recycling was performed by mixing molten waste plastics with sand to produce these new materials. Samples with different percentages of plastics and different particle sizes of sand were used in the process. Materials showed acceptable density and high compressive strength, which was shown to be at a maximum with contents of about 30–40% waste plastic. Furthermore, certain types of sand having different colors were used to produce attractive materials, suitable for decorative uses. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 91: 2543–2547, 2004     

基于膨胀的梯度结构相似度图像质量评价方法

传统的梯度结构相似度算法(GSSIM)简单地将各子块GSSIM的平均值作为整幅图像的质量评估值,忽略了人眼对图像不同失真区域的视觉灵敏度不同的特点。针对此问题,提出了一种基于膨胀和图像块分类的加权梯度结构相似度图像质量评价方法(WGSSIM)。该方法首先将失真图像划分为两个区域:边缘膨胀区域和平滑区域;然后将失真图像划分成8×8的图像块,根据失真区域将图像块区分为边缘膨胀块与平滑块两类;最后对不同类型图像块之间的GSSIM值赋予不同的权值,计算得到整幅图像的WGSSIM。实验表明,该方法在3个数据库上的评价结果稳定、合理,更加符合人眼视觉系统特性,评价结果与主观评价有很好的一致性。     

结合形态学的结构化车道线快速识别算法

为解决结构化车道线识别算法中存在的约束条件多,计算过于复杂等问题,提出一种基于形态学的车道线快速识别算法. 该算法首先对道路图像进行中值滤波,Sobel算子增强边缘,利用直方图特征分割图像,然后划分感兴趣区域,接着构造具有车道特征的形态学结构元素去提取车道线,最后概率霍夫变换拟合车道线. 实验对比结果表明,针对结构化道路,该算法简单有效,计算量小,具有良好的实时性.     

The effect of the N-linked glycans on structural features and physicochemical functions of soybean β-conglycinin homotrimers

β-Conglycinin is a trimeric protein consisting of three subunits, α,α′,and β, which are N-glycosylated. The α and α′ subunits contain extension regions in addition to core regions common to all subunits. We purified homogeneous trimers consisting of only α, α′, or β from mutant soybean cultivars containing β-conglycinin lacking one or two subunits: α homotrimers from an α′-lacking mutant, α′ homotrimers from an α-lacking mutant, and β homotrimers from an α-and α′-lacking mutant. Structural features and physicochemical functions of the three homotrimers were examined and compared with those of recombinant homotrimers having no N-linked glycans. The native homotrimers have secondary structures very similar to those of the recombinant ones. In analogy with the recombinant homotrimers, the native ones exhibit different thermal stabilities from one another (β>α′>α), and the native α and α′ homotrimers exhibit better solubility, emulsifying ability, and heat-induced association than the native β homotrimer. Further, the N-linked glycans contribute to solubilities of the three subunits at low ionic strength (μ=0.08) and to the emulsifying ability of the native β homotrimer. N-Linked glycans also prevent heat-induced associations of the native α and α′ homotrimers but do not contribute to the secondary structure and the thermal stability of β-conglycinin.     

半监督学习在不平衡样本集分类中的应用研究

在对不平衡样本集进行分类时容易产生少数类样误差大的问题,而目前半监督学习中的算法多数是针对未有明显此类特征的数据集。针对一种半监督协同分类算法在该问题上的有效性进行了研究。由于进一步增强了分类器差异性,该算法在理论上对不平衡样本集具有良好的分类性能。根据该算法建立分类模型,利用其对桥梁结构健康数据进行分类实验,与Tri-Training算法的结果比较表明,该算法对不平衡样本集具有良好的适用性,从而验证了上述算法的有效性。     

The Effect of Moisture Content in Epoxy Film Adhesives on their Performance. III: Bulk Properties

Humidity absorbed by epoxy film adhesives during low temperature storage or exposure to atmosphere may result in reversible changes and irreversible modifications. Vacuum treatment may partially remedy the reversible changes. The consequences of vacuum drying are manifested in enhancement of both the peel and shear properties of bonded joints (Part I and Part II of this series of papers) and the thermal, physical and mechanical properties of the bulk adhesive, characterized in the present study.

Experimental results have shown that the bulk properties of structural epoxy based adhesives are highly correlated with the aging processes caused by water absorption in the prepolymerized adhesive. Applying the vacuum process is harmful to fresh unaged adhesive due to devolatization of low molecular species of the film adhesive.

The characterization of bulk properties for the purpose of following the aging and recovery processes is advantageous, since the bulk is independent of geometrical and interfacial effects which dominate in the case of property evaluation of the adhesive in a bonded joint.