等离子束表面冶金与激光溶覆技术

介绍了等离子束表面冶金和激光熔覆技术的原理、特点和研究现状,分析比较了两种技术的工艺特点及涂层组织结构特点.由于等离子束表面冶金技术具有突出的优质高效低成本综合优势,且涂层原料来源广,在市场竞争中具有潜力.     

纳米复合涂层对碳钢防腐性能的交流阻抗评定

利用电化学阻抗谱法考察了普通涂层、纳米复合涂层 和憎水纳米复合涂层的防腐性能.结果表明，纳米复合涂层的防腐性能明显高于普通涂层， 而经过氟表面活性剂改性的表面憎水的纳米复合涂层的防腐性能更好.     

表面完整性对马氏体不锈钢疲劳性能的影响

研究了马氏体不锈钢表面喷丸强化后表面粗糙度，表面形貌，表面残余应力和表面层残余压应力场等表面完整性的变化及其对疲劳性能的影响，结果表明：马氏体不锈钢对表面粗糙度比较敏感，经喷丸强化后产生的残余压应力有利于提高疲劳寿命，且采用低喷丸强度时对疲劳性能更加有利。     

Cr12MoV模具钢的激光熔覆

利用不同的激光工艺参数对Cr12MoV模具钢表面进行熔覆试验，探讨了熔覆层裂纹和气孔产生的趋势和工艺参数对熔覆层深度的影响，研究了表面微观硬度的分布及其原因、熔覆层耐磨性能的提高幅度以及组织结构的变化。结果表明，采取适当工艺措施，可以完全消除熔覆层的气孔，减少横向裂纹；表面硬度在不同程度上都得到提高，硬度峰值出现在次表层；激光熔覆层的耐磨性能可以提高47％－76％；微观结构是由平面晶和枝晶构成的共晶组织，并有多种合金相分布在枝晶间。     

Investigation of microstructure of laser cladding Ni-WC layer on Al-Si alloy

A plasma-sprayed Ni-WC layer was deposited on an Al-Si cast alloy surface, and then it was further melted by a 5 kW CO₂ laser. The microstructure and chemical composition of the laser-melted zone were investigated, and the microhardness in different parts was measured. Experimental results showed that the chemical composition of the sample was not uniform. Compositional segregation in the laser-melted zone was found. Some amorphous structure appeared in the nickel-rich locations after laser melting. Owing to the thermal effect of the laser scanning, an intermediate-phase Ni₃Al segregated from this region and formed Ni₃Al grains and amorphous grains. Some WC particles melted in the matrix, and chromium carbide Cr2;|C6 and (Cr,W)C separated during the cooling process. The highest microhardness (1027HV) was found in the high-nickel region.     

Preparation and characterization of superhydrophobic silica-based surfaces by using polypropylene glycol and tetraethoxysilane precursors

Preparation of superhydrophobic silica-based surfaces via sol-gel process by adding polypropylene glycol (PPG) polymer into the precursor solution has been developed. Surface roughness of the films was obtained by removing the organic polymer at 500 °C and then the hydrophobic groups bonded onto the films were obtained by chemical reaction with hexamethyldisilazane (HMDS). Physical properties of the as-prepared films were analyzed by contact angle measurements, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), UV-VIS scanning spectrophotometer and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectrophotometer. The experimental parameters were varied by the type of silane species, the weight ratio of PPG solution to precursor solution, the hydrolysis time of the precursor solution, the molecular weight of PPG, the casting temperature and the evaporation temperature. The phase separation of the PPG polymer rich domain occurred on the substrates at a lower temperature. The result showed that the contact angles of the films prepared at 5 °C were greater than 150° when the weight ratio of PPG solution to precursor solution was 5. In addition, the transmittance of the films was greater than 80% simultaneously.     

Effects of surface treatments of galvanized steels on projection welding procedure

A group of projection welding experiments and joints tension-shear tests are carried out for cold-rolled steel sheets, galvanized steel sheets (GSS) without treatment, GSS with phosphating and GSS with surface greasing, respectively. The experimental results are regressively analyzed on the computers, then the projection welded joint tension-shear strength curve and the perfect welding currents range of each material are obtained. The results show that surface treatments of galvanized steels have effects on their spot weldabilities. Among the four kinds of materials, GSS with surface greasing have the worst spot weldability, for they need higher welding current and have a narrow welding currem range.     

压力管道焊缝含环向表面裂纹J积分估算方法

基于SC .ENG(表面裂纹工程估算 )方法的基本原理 ,建立了弯矩作用下压力管道焊接接头含有内表面、等深度及有限长度环向表面裂纹的J积分近似估算公式 ,在计算公式中考虑了焊缝非匹配因素的影响。与SC .ENG1和SC .ENG2方法相对应 ,在此分别称所推导的J积分估算方法为SC .ENG3和SC .ENG4方法。该方法建立在塑性形变理论、Ramberg -osgood本构关系和等效原则基础上 ,通过使裂纹存在时的结构柔度与壁厚局部减薄时模拟结构的柔度相等的方式建立J积分的估算公式。有限元数值解验证了上述J积分估算公式的有效性     

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 文章对Q345C钢板表面产生的裂纹进行了宏观和光学显微镜分析。结果显示：裂纹产生的原因是加热之后在轧制过程中形成的折叠，1号裂纹上出现的大型杂质有可能是压入的氧化铁皮。     

碳离子注入对Ti—6Al—4V合金疲劳寿命的改善

3×10~(17)Cion/cm~2在80keV的能量下注入到Ti-6Al-4V合金中。在应力控制的拉-零试验条件下,发现C~+注入试样的疲劳极限提高了28%。利用扫描电镜、透射电镜和二次离子质谱等研究了试样在注入前后和疲劳前后的表面层微观组织与结构以及注入元素沿表面层深的浓度分布。结果表明,注入层的微观组织中含有大量的辐照损伤并有许多细小的TiC相颗粒;注入与未注入试样的裂纹源在低应力疲劳中出现在亚表面区;注入元素在循环载荷作用下向基体中扩散。