微丸压片法制备单硝酸异山梨酯缓释片

目的制备单硝酸异山梨酯微丸缓释片,考察体外释放度。方法制备单硝酸异山梨酯微丸,包衣后压制缓释片,通过考察不同包衣材料、丸芯大小、压片压力及包衣增重对缓释片体外释放度的影响,筛选并确定最佳处方。结果按优化处方制备的单硝酸异山梨酯缓释片体外释放度与市售单硝酸异山梨酯缓释片体外释放度一致。结论制备的制剂处方合理,工艺可行,体外释放度与市售片一致。     

电子病历在移动医疗中的研究与发展

随着移动医疗在医院的广泛应用,医生迫切需要能够在病人床边通过iPad等智能平板设备查看、检索病人的电子病历信息,以提高诊疗效率并使查房过程更为准确、安全。但是由于现有的电子病历系统客户端多是基于Windows平台,如何支持在智能平板设备上访问电子病历系统成为移动医疗领域亟待解决的问题。本文系统地介绍这一崭新领域的基本概念,详细阐述需要解决的几个关键问题,比较几种主流解决方案的异同,最后对未来研究方向和工作进行展望。     

主成分分析法神经网络及其在瑞培林片剂测定中的应用

介绍了主成分分析法神经网络的基本原理，对瑞培林片剂进行了测定，回收率令人满意，讨论了此法在复方制剂多组分同时测定中的优越性，并研究了网络拓扑结构、学习速率等对结果的影响。     

计算机辅助书法牌匾设计

通过融合书法字形状、方向和上下文特征并结合反馈技术,实现一种计算机辅助书法牌匾设计的方法．首先提取书法字特征表达书法字风格,然后通过风格一致性模型得到牌匾候选集,最后用对等反馈传递调整书法字的风格相似度．通过实验测试了不同的融合方法和反馈机制对牌匾生成的影响,结果表明融合和反馈均能提高牌匾的生成效果．     

黄栀护肝片的薄层色谱鉴别及含量测定研究

用薄层色谱法对处方中的黄连、栀子、五味子、羌活进行定性鉴别,用高效液相色谱法测定制剂中黄芩苷的含量,色谱条件为：色谱柱为Diamonsil C18（4.6 mm×200 mm,5μm）;流动相为甲醇体积∶水体积∶冰醋酸体积（50∶50∶1）;流速为1 mL.min-1;柱温为35℃;检测波长为274 nm。薄层色谱能检出黄连、栀子、五味子、羌活的特征斑点,黄芩苷在0.354～3.54μg范围内呈良好线性关系,r=0.999 8,平均回收率为99.77%,RSD值为0.32%,5批样品黄芩苷含量平均值为3.92 mg.g-1。结论：本试验建立的方法专属性强,可作为黄栀护肝片的定性定量检测方法。     

Tablet game-supported speech therapy embedded in children’s popular practices

Modern speech-language pathology practices (SLPPs) have adopted tablet games in recent years. Research is needed to take advantage of the potential benefits tablets can offer and to explore the factors that influence its introduction. This paper discusses a survey that was conducted to investigate the factors that influence speech-language pathologists’ (SLPs) beliefs and the actual use of tablets in SLPPs. The results of the survey, conducted among Slovenian SLPs, indicated that their most positive beliefs concerning tablets relate to social influence. Specifically, the beliefs relate to children’s interest and practice with tablets and have a significant impact on the decision-making of SLPs concerning introducing tablets in therapy. Conversely, SLPs’ most negative beliefs relate to the conditions for facilitating tablet use, particularly the lack of Slovenian applications. This paper discusses a separate case study that was conducted in which tablet game-supported therapy was introduced to a group of 44 children. The case study results indicated that the children accepted the use of tablet games for therapy purposes and the games had a positive impact on the children’s motivation and satisfaction.     

Unobtrusive touch‐free interaction on mobile devices in dirty working environments

In this work, we propose a new mode of interaction using hand gestures captured by the back camera of a mobile device. Using a simple intuitive two‐finger picking gesture, the user can perform mouse click and drag‐and‐drop operations from the back of the device, which provides an unobstructed touch‐free interaction. This method allows users to operate on a tablet and maintain full awareness of the display, which is especially suitable for certain working environments, such as the machine shop, garage, kitchen, gym, or construction site, where people's hands may be dirty, wet, or in gloves. The speed, accuracy, and error rate of this interaction have been evaluated and compared with the typical touch interaction in an empirical study. The results show that, although this method is not, in general, as efficient and accurate as direct touch, participants still consider it an effective and intuitive method of interacting with mobile devices in environments where direct touch is impractical.     

Optimal location of the tablet for typing while listening to a song

Tablets are much heavier than smartphones and able to bring more musculoskeletal disorders in the upper extremities. The aim of this study was to understand the effects of tablet location on the recruitment of muscles in the neck and upper extremities. Fifteen healthy volunteers typed the lyrics while listening to a song at three tablet locations for 5 min. An iPad 2 was randomly located at one of the levels with 70, 90, and 130 degrees of elbow flexion in sitting. Typing duration, frequency of typing error, perceived levels of fatigue, and subjective position preferences were recorded and recruitment of muscles in the neck and upper extremities was measured. Muscle recruitment of three parts of the trapezius and biceps brachii decreased and use of the levator scapula increased as the vertical level of the tablet heightened. Self‐reported discomfort increased significantly in the neck, upper back, shoulders, elbows, and wrists over time regardless of the tablet location. The table location affected the self‐reported discomfort only at the elbow joints. Subjective preference was highest at the lowest tablet location with the 130‐degree elbow flexion. The vertical levels of the tablet and typing duration independently affected the muscle recruitment and self‐reported discomfort. Findings of this study can be helpful for tablet users in preventing musculoskeletal disorders in the upper extremities.     

Development and uniform evaluation of ropinirole osmotic pump tablets with REQUIP XL both in vitro and in beagle dogs

REQUIP XL, prolonged release formulation of ropinirole hydrochloride (RH) in market, could release ropinirole constantly and showed satisfactory therapeutic effect and good compliance. REQUIP XL was composed of more than 10 kinds of excipients and prepared by Geomatrix technology, which was complex and laborious. The purpose of this study was to obtain a dosage form of RH with similar in vitro release profile and bioequivalence in vivo compared to REQUIP XL. Osmotic pump tablet combined with fast release phase was selected as the delivery system of RH and similar release curves were obtained in different media. The tablets were also administered to beagle dogs and the pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated using a non-compartmental model. C_max, t_max, mean residence time (MRT), and area under the curve from 0 to 24?h (AUC_0–24) were 3.97?±?0.53?ng/mL, 3.58?±?0.49?h, 8.29?±?0.93?h, and 35.20?±?8.11?ng/mL???h for ropinirole osmotic pump tablets (ROPT) and 4.15?±?1.07?ng/mL, 2.92?±?0.49?h, 7.84?±?1.09?h, and 34.34?±?10.06?ng/mL???h for REQUIP XL. The log-transformed mean C_max and AUC_0–24 of ROPT were about 92.15% and 102.49% relative to that of REQUIP XL, respectively. The 90% confidence intervals of C_max and AUC_0–24 for ROPT were 75.69–115.31% and 88.89–122.30%, respectively. So it could be concluded that ROPT was uniform with REQUIP XL both in vitro and in beagles and the release profiles of Geomatrix technology may be obtained by osmotic pump combined with fast release technology.     

Formulation and development of orodispersible sustained release tablet of domperidone

Abstract

Commercially available domperidone orodispersible tablets (ODT) are intended for immediate release of the drug, but none of them have been formulated for sustained action. The aim of the present research work was to develop and evaluate orodispersible sustained release tablet (ODT-SR) of domperidone, which has the convenience of ODT and benefits of controlled release product combined in one. The technology comprised of developing sustained release microspheres (MS) of domperidone, followed by direct compression of MS along with suitable excipients to yield ODT-SR which rapidly disperses within 30?seconds and yet the dispersed MS maintain their integrity to have a sustained drug release. The particle size of the MS was optimized to be less than 200?μm to avoid the grittiness in the mouth. The DSC thermograms of MS showed the absence of drug-polymer interaction within the microparticles, while SEM confirmed their spherical shape and porous nature. Angle of repose, compressibility and Hausner’s ratio of the blend for compression showed good flowability and high percent compressibility. The optimized ODT-SR showed disintegration time of 21?seconds and matrix controlled drug release for 9?h. In-vivo pharmacokinetic studies in Wistar rats showed that the ODT-SR had a prolonged MRT of 11.16?h as compared 3.86?h of conventional tablet. The developed technology is easily scalable and holds potential for commercial exploitation.