Temperature stability and fracture toughness of Nd-Fe-B magnets

Temperature stability and toughness of magnets are very important properties especially for application in motor. In this paper, it is found that temperature stability and toughness of magnets are improved when Fe is substituted with Co andheavy rare earth is substituted for Nd in part and suitable rich B grain-boundary phase is added. In addition, heavy rare earth substitution decreases the remanence temperature coefficient greatly, but has a little effect on Curie temperature of the magnets, which is beneficial to Nd-Fe-B magnets for the application in motor.     

奥氏体化温度及冷却方式对20Mn2SiVB钢组织及性能的影响

通过各种试验手段,研究了20Mn2SiVB钢不同奥氏体化温度及不同冷却方式处理后其显微组织及其强度和塑性的变化,确定了最佳的热处理工艺。结果表明:900℃奥氏体化后风冷时钢的强塑性最好;在强塑性最佳时的微观组织是铁素体+粒状贝氏体。     

多孔薄壁扁管连续挤压模的研制

介绍了连续挤压模的生产工艺过程 ,模具主要结构及设计参数 ,分析了生产中存在的问题以及采取的措施 ,充分发挥了连续挤压设备的潜力 ,扩大了产品品种     

Effects of gold plating on the resistance to high temperature discoloration of the cavity for ceramic packages

The effects of thickness and types of gold plating on the resistance to high temperature discoloration of gold plating on cavity surface of ceramic package were investigated. It was found that the thicker gold plating, the less discoloration degree for ceramic packages. Non-cyanide gold plating performed better resistance to high-temperature aging than cyanide gold plating. The relationship between the gold plating thickness and the amount of diffused Ni to the gold plating of ceramic packages with Au/Ni and Au/Ni-Co platings after heating at 420℃for 15 min was also studied. When the gold plating thickness reach 2.0 μm and 1.6 μm for Au/Ni and Au/Ni-Co plating systems, respectively, no discoloration was observed on the gold plating surface of cavity, and the corresponding diffused Ni amounts (mass fraction) are 1.0% and 0.4%, while the diffused Co to the gold plating is 0.04%.     

含Cl^-溶液中SO4^2-对316不锈钢临界点蚀温度的影响

采用外加恒电位下腐蚀电流-温度扫描方法研究了在0．5％Cl^-溶液中，SO4^2-浓度对316不锈钢点腐蚀行为的影响．结果表明，随着SO4^2-浓度的增加，钝化电流增加，开路电位降低．当SO4^2-浓度低于0．42％时，316不锈钢的临界点蚀温度比不存在SO4^2-时的临界点蚀温度低；当SO4^2-浓度大于0．42％时，临界点蚀温度比不存在SO4^2-时的临界点蚀温度高．从离子竞争吸附的角度进行分析，对SO4^2-加速与抑制点蚀两种作用规律的形成原因进行了解释．     

Synthesis mechanism of titanium carbide nano-fiber during self-propagating high temperature synthesis

Titanium carbide nano-fiber was synthesized by self-propagating high temperature synthesis (SHS) method. The final products after the SHS reaction were titanium carbide containing excess carbon and metallic titanium, which were removed by additional leaching process. TEM observation revealed that the average diameter is about 20 nm. Neutron diffraction analysis was carried out to study non-stoichiometric number of the titanium carbide. The non-stoichiometric numbers of the titanium carbide were 0.89–0.94. The Rietveld refinement of each patterns converged to good agreement (÷2=0.49–1.34). The formation mechanism of the carbide is related to a liquid-solid reaction including the preferential diffusion process of carbon atom into liquid titanium. This article is based on a presentation made in the 2002 Korea-US symposium on the “Phase Transformations of Nano-Materials,” organized as a special program of the 2002 Annual Meeting of the Korean Institute of Metals and Materials, held at Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea on October 25–26, 2002.     

Effect of grain size on high-temperature oxidation behavior of Cu-80Ni alloy

1　INTRODUCTIONTheoxidationofunalloyedcopperandnickelhasalreadybeenstudiedindetail.Whilethehigh tem peratureoxidationofCu Nialloys ,alsostudiedanumberoftimestodate[13] ,isanexampleofarela tivelysimpleclassofscalingofbinaryalloysbyasin gleoxidant,becausethemetalsformacontinuousse riesofsolidsolutions ,whiletheiroxides ,CuO ,Cu2 OandNiO ,exhibitsmallmutualsolubilitiesandshowsignificantdifferencesinthethermodynamicstabilityandparabolicgrowthrates .Thus ,copper richalloysformexternalscales…     

High temperature corrosion mechanisms and effect of alloying elements for materials used in waste incineration environment

Corrosion products on two typical materials, SA213-T12 steel and alloy 625 exposed to the actual combustion gas, were analyzed in addition to laboratory tests for penetration of corrosive matter. It has been clarified that corrosion products of oxides containing a little chlorides and sulphides show lamellar structures and that at the alloy-scale interface, chlorination, sulphidation, and oxidation occur under a low P_O2-high P_Cl2 condition. The formation of scale structures and the effect of corrosion-resistant alloying elements can be explained according to the stability tendencies of metals, chlorides, and oxides in the M-Cl-O equilibrium diagrams. The severity of corrosion environments at the interface is influenced by the penetration extent of corrosive matters through deposits and scales, and the protective effects of oxide films derived from alloying elements play an important role in preventing the corrosion. On the other hand, it has been shown that thermal fluctuation characterized in this kind of environment makes the lamellar scale structures and sometimes breaks and peels off the scale, and thus accelerates the corrosion. On the basis of the above mentioned knowledge, a new corrosion model is presented.     

Effects of electrical discharge surface modification of superalloy Haynes 230 with aluminum and molybdenum on oxidation behavior

The effects of the electrical discharge alloying (EDA) process on improving the high temperature oxidation resistance of the Ni-based superalloy Haynes 230 have been investigated. The 85 at.% Al and 15 at.% Mo composite electrode provided the surface alloying materials. An Al-rich layer is produced on the surface of the EDA specimen alloyed with positive electrode polarity, whereas, many discontinuous piled layers are attached to the surface of the EDA superalloy when negative electrode polarity is selected. The oxidation resistance of the specimen alloyed with positive electrode polarity is better than that of the unalloyed superalloy, and the effective temperature of oxidation resistance of the alloyed layer can be achieved to 1100 °C. Conversely, the oxidation resistance of the other EDA specimen alloyed with negative electrode polarity is even worse than that of the unalloyed superalloy.     

Research on graphite powders used for HTR-PM fuel elements

Different batches of natural graphite powders and electrographite powders were characterized by impurity, degree of graphitization, particle size distribution, specific surface area, and shape characteristics. The graphite balls consist of proper mix-ratio of natural graphite, electrographite and phenolic resin were manufactured and characterized by thermal conductivity, anisotropy of thermal expansion, crush strength, and drop strength. Results show that some types of graphite powders possess very high purity, degree of graphitization, and sound size distribution and apparent density, which can serve for matrix graphite of HTR-PM. The graphite balls manufactured with reasonable mix-ratio of graphite powders and process method show very good properties. It is indicated that the properties of graphite balls can meet the design criterion of HTR-PM. We can provide a powerful candidate material for the future manufacture of HTR-PM fuel elements.