Measuring ranked list robustness for query performance prediction

We introduce the notion of ranking robustness, which refers to a property of a ranked list of documents that indicates how stable the ranking is in the presence of uncertainty in the ranked documents. We propose a statistical measure called the robustness score to quantify this notion. Our initial motivation for measuring ranking robustness is to predict topic difficulty for content-based queries in the ad-hoc retrieval task. Our results demonstrate that the robustness score is positively and consistently correlation with average precision of content-based queries across a variety of TREC test collections. Though our focus is on prediction under the ad-hoc retrieval task, we observe an interesting negative correlation with query performance when our technique is applied to named-page finding queries, which are a fundamentally different kind of queries. A side effect of this different behavior of the robustness score between the two types of queries is that the robustness score is also found to be a good feature for query classification.      

具反应扩散混合时滞Cohen-Grossberg神经网络的指数耗散性

利用扩散算子特性、M-矩阵性质和不等式分析技巧,在不要求神经网络激励函数的有界性、单调性、可微性以及平均时滞有界性的弱保守条件下,研究了一类具有反应扩散混合时滞的非自治Cohen-Grossberg神经网络的实不变集、全局指数稳定性和指数耗散性,并给出了相关的充分性条件.文中所使用的方法摒弃了常规构造适当的Lyapunov泛函的方法,克服了Lyapunov泛函难构造的困难,且得到的结果扩展和改进了其他文献结果.最后给出了一个数值例子来说明所得结果的有效性.     

Note on stability of linear systems with time-varying delay

This note considers the stability of linear systems with a time-varying delay. We are interested in a simple Lyapunov–Krasovskii functional (LKF) approach without delay decomposition. In this category, all recent tractable results had a fixed bound on the allowable maximum size of the delay for years. We propose a new simple LKF including the cross terms of variables and quadratic terms multiplied by a higher degree scalar function, and present a new result expressed in the form of LMIs. We show, by two well-known examples, that our result overcomes the previous allowable maximum size of delay and it is less conservative than the previous results having a relatively small upper bound in the derivative of time-delay.     

称呼语选择的顺应性理论探讨

称呼语在人们的日常交往中起着非常重要的作用,它常是传递给对方的第一个信息。发话者可以通过称呼语的选择来引起受话者注意和保持与受话者之间的联系,对于日常交际和人际关系有着重要的影响。得体地使用称呼语是交际能力中很重要的一个方面。因此,对称呼语的研究具有重要的实践意义。文章尝试以Verschueren(1999)的语言顺应论为理论框架来阐释称呼语的正确选用,以期对此语言现象的进一步研究有所贡献。     

浅谈高速公路工程量清单不平衡报价修订方式

不平衡报价做为公路投标人获取中标的一程策略,掩盖工程实际造价,增加业主对建设项目的费用管理的风险．以往不平衡报价修订为业主单方面行为,存在不透明、不公平、不公正及不被审计部门认可等缺点,本文通过调整不平衡报价修订时段、完善招标文件中有关不平衡报价修订的条款、逐步完善不平衡报价修订方法,以具体高速公路工程为实例,详细阐述不平衡报价修订方法,探讨如何改善业主的费用管理．     

Yesterday and tomorrow: Development of early understanding of the terms.

Data from 90 2-, 3-, and 4-yr-old children indicate that there is a differential pattern of comprehension of the terms "yesterday" and "tomorrow" among the 3 age groups. Findings also suggest that the Ss learned the terms in an asymmetrical manner, with "yesterday" being understood as having 2 referential aspects (i.e., a time other than this day and past time) and "tomorrow" being understood only in terms of future reference. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

汉语"量词"术语英译正名

量词在汉语语法体系中已有定名,英语中没有另立词类,这样导致“量词”的英译名有些混乱和欠准确。实际上,英语中也有大量类似汉语量词的词或结构,许多语法学家也对此进行了探讨和分类。本文结合这些研究成果,从词源学和术语学角度对现有译名的内涵进行分析,以正汉“语量词”之译名。     

一种性能优越的二次时频分布

提出了一种新型的性能优越的二次时频分布核。通过对步进频率信号以及点频信号的时频分析处理,可以看到,这种核的时频分布比较于魏格纳分布以及Braham Barkat提出的分布,能更好地抑制交叉项;同时,这种核的频域分辨率与BD方法相当,而在时域上的分辨率则比它要更好。     

中国大学校名英译研究

本文围绕大学校名翻译中结构排列和语汇选择两个关键问题，对中国大学校名英译的基本方法和原则作了较全面的探讨，并呼吁高校和翻译工作者对大学校名的翻译应引起高度重视，以提高学校开展国际交流与合作的成效。     

"Psychotherapy" Versus "Treatment".

Presents a comment on "Psychological treatments" (see record 2004-21168-001) by D. H. Barlow. Barlow proposed that we distinguish between the terms "treatment" and "psychotherapy." The author believes that not only is the distinction unnecessary, but that its implications could have negative consequences for the field of clinical psychology. It is the proposed distinguishing feature that treatments are "specifically tailored to the pathological process that is causing the impairment and distress" that is most problematic. Clinical psychology does not need a distinction that further exacerbates the split between researchers and practitioners. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)