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141.
P. PAPANIKOS K. I. TSERPES SP. PANTELAKIS 《Fatigue & Fracture of Engineering Materials & Structures》2003,26(1):37-47
A progressive fatigue damage model has been developed for predicting damage accumulation and life of carbon fibre‐reinforced plastics (CFRP) laminates with arbitrary geometry and stacking sequence subjected to constant amplitude cyclic loading. The model comprises the components of stress analysis, fatigue failure analysis and fatigue material property degradation. Stress analysis of the composite laminate was performed by creating a three‐dimensional finite element model in the ANSYS FE code. Fatigue failure analysis was performed by using a set of Hashin‐type failure criteria and the Ye‐delamination criterion. Two types of material property degradations on the basis of element stiffness and strength were applied: a sudden degradation because of sudden failure detected by the fatigue failure criteria and a gradual degradation because of the nature of cyclic loading, which is driven by the increased number of cycles. The gradual degradation of the composite material was modelled by using functions relating the residual stiffness and residual strength of the laminate to the number of cycles. All model components have been programmed in the ANSYS FE code in order to create a user‐friendly macro‐routine. The model has been applied in two different quasi‐isotropic CFRP laminates subjected to tension–compression (T–C) fatigue and the predictions of fatigue life and damage accumulation as a function of the number of cycles were compared with experimental data available in the literature. A very good agreement was obtained. 相似文献
142.
M 2highspeedsteel (M 2steel)isamaterialwidelyusedintoolsanddies[1,2 ] .M 2steelischarac terizedbyalongsolidificationrangeandcomplexeu tecticreactions ,whichresultsinsegregationofalloy ingelementsandformationofseveraldifferenttypesofcarbidesduringsolidification[3,4 ] .Forconventionallyprocessedhigh speedsteels ,itisinevitablethatacoarsecarbidenetworkwillbeformedduringsolidifi cation .Coarseprimarycarbidestendtoresultinun evencarbidebandsdistributionafterasubstantialamountofhotprocessing[5] .Ma… 相似文献
143.
144.
A. J. Slifka T. Hall E. S. Boltz 《Journal of research of the National Institute of Standards and Technology》2003,108(2):151-156
A simple measurement system is described for evaluating damage to graphite-epoxy panels, such as those used in high-performance aircraft. The system uses a heating laser and infrared imaging system to measure thermal performance. Thermal conductivity or diffusivity is a sensitive indicator of damage in materials, allowing this thermal measurement to show various degrees of damage in graphite-epoxy composites. Our measurements track well with heat-flux damage to graphite epoxy panels. This measurement system, including analysis software, could easily be used in the field, such as on the deck of an aircraft carrier or at remote air strips. 相似文献
145.
146.
M. S. FOUND M. QUARESIMIN 《Fatigue & Fracture of Engineering Materials & Structures》2003,26(1):17-26
A brief review of the models used to predict the cumulative fatigue damage in FRP composites is presented. Two‐stage fatigue loading of a [0/90,± 452,0/90]s quasi‐ isotropic woven carbon fibre/epoxy resin laminate was evaluated at stress ratio R = 0.05 and the failure mechanisms investigated using x‐radiography after each loading stage. The results are presented in terms of fatigue strength and damage growth and are compared with those in the literature. A low‐to‐high loading sequence is more damaging than a high‐to‐low one and the Palmgren‐Miner linear damage rule may no longer be valid for this kind of material, as previously reported. 相似文献
147.
香豆胶衍生物的化学结构及稳定性研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
将市售商品溶于水,用异丙醇沉析提纯,溶于0.1 mol/L NaNO3纯水溶液中,经0.5μm滤膜过滤后用水相凝胶渗透色谱法(GPC)测定,测得香豆胶(FG)、羟丙基香豆胶(HPFG)、阳离子香豆胶(CFG)的数均、重均相对分子质量Mn、Mw分别为:1.19×105、3.36×105,8.52×104、2.85×105,9.33×104、2.87×105。用甘露聚糖链在碱性条件下醚化时发生降解,解释两种改性FG的相对分子质量较FG低而多分散性(Mw/Mn)较FG高的测试结果。认为商品FG的1%水溶液黏度(1300 mPa.s)高于商品HPFG和CFG(分别为705和610 mPa.s)的原因是前者相对分子质量较高且残渣含量也较高(~10%,后二者为1%~2%)。HPFG的取代度为0.12,根据文献发表的13C-NMR数据确认HPFG分子链上羟丙基取代位置为C6。讨论了香豆胶(半乳甘露聚糖)的化学结构。热重分析法测定的热稳定性,HPFG高于CFG,CFG又高于FG。图6表3参13。 相似文献
148.
疲劳/蠕变复合作用下聚苯乙烯的交互损伤研究 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
探讨了在疲劳/蠕变复合作用下聚苯乙烯的损伤交互作用,结果表明,在疲劳/蠕变复合作用下聚苯乙烯存在疲劳和蠕变的交互损伤,其断裂寿命比纯疲劳或纯蠕变的断裂寿命低;断裂机制是疲劳循环载荷松动和活化了分子链或链段,从而促进蠕变运动和断裂,并且,疲劳/蠕变的交互损伤程度与温度密切相关。 相似文献
149.
采用先加入絮凝剂脱灰,再经减压蒸馏切割420~500℃馏分的方法,将辽河催化裂化澄清油预处理,考察了澄清油、加入絮凝剂脱灰后的澄清油以及脱灰后再减压蒸馏所得的中间馏分这3种原料在热转化过程中中间相的转化历程,并采用偏光显微镜观察热转化产物。结果表明,澄清油预处理效果明显,所得中间馏分具有较低的H/C原子比(nH/nC)和适宜的组成分布,是生产针状焦的理想原料。热转化产物的光学组织结构属于各向异性发达的广域-流线型结构。 相似文献
150.
This paper presents the current understanding of the flame retardant mechanism of Casico?. The study includes the flame retardant effect of each individual component: ethylene–acrylate copolymer, chalk and silicone elastomer, as well as the formation of an intumescent structure during heating. The flame retardant properties were investigated by cone calorimetry and oxygen index tests. To obtain insight into the flame retardant mechanism, heat treatment under different conditions has also been performed. The results indicate that the flame retardant mechanism of Casico is complex and is related to a number of reactions, e.g. ester pyrolysis of acrylate groups, formation of carbon dioxide by reaction between carboxylic acid and chalk, ionomer formation and formation of an intumescent structure stabilized by a protecting char. Special emphasis is given to the formation of the intumescent structure and its molecular structure as evaluated from 13C MAS‐NMR and 29Si MAS‐NMR, ESCA and XRD analysis. After treatment at 500°C the intumescent structure consists mainly of silicon oxides and calcium carbonate and after treatment at 1000°C the intumescent structure consists of calcium silicate, calcium oxide and calcium hydroxide. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献