Geochemical characteristics of the Yufuin outflow plume, Beppu hydrothermal system, Japan

Thermal water at Yufuin (Kyushu Island, Japan) is tapped through about 820 shallow wells and used mainly for hot-spring bathing purposes. Chemical and isotopic data for fluids from wells and fumaroles in Yufuin and Beppu indicate that the thermal activity at Yufuin represents a dilute, westward-flowing hydrothermal outflow plume from the Beppu hydrothermal system. Two other (eastward-flowing) outflow plumes have long been recognized at Beppu, but the Yufuin outflow plume is first recognized here. The Yufuin outflow plume is apparently a mixture of two end-member fluids: (1) deep high-temperature (250–300°C) fluid from the Beppu system having high chloride concentration (1400–1600 mg/L) and a δ¹⁸O value near −6.0%, and (2) meteoric water having low chloride concentration (≤7 mg/L) and a δ¹⁸O value near −9.2%.A permeable conduit for the vertical and lateral transport of deep fluid from the Beppu system is provided by the Yufuin Fault zone, which extends westward from the southern flank of Mt. Tsurumi volcano to the town of Yufuin. Stable isotope ratios and chloride concentrations for shallow groundwaters near the eastern end of the fault, at an elevation near 700 m, are consistent with those required for the low-chloride meteoric end-member of the Yufuin thermal waters. Recharge of this meteoric water, as well as mixing with the Beppu deep fluid, may occur along the Yufuin Fault. Enthalpy-chloride relations indicate additional conductive heating of the Yufuin waters, in the amount of 350–500 kJ/kg beyond that which can be accounted for by mixing between Beppu deep fluid and meteoric water. This could be a result of conductive heating with convection to a depth of 1–2 km. Estimates of the magnitude of the heat source for the Beppu hydrothermal system should take into account the heat being discharged at Yufuin.     

[NZP]陶瓷零膨胀性能的设计

研究了「ＮＺＰ」材料的零膨胀性能，并尝试对零膨胀的「ＮＺＰ」陶瓷作了设计，从晶体结构、原子复合、各向异性、显微结构和复合材料等方面提出了设计思路。     

AHMED experiments on hygroscopic and inert aerosol behaviour in LWR containment conditions: experimental results

Hygroscopic NaOH, CsI, CsOH and inert Ag aerosol behaviour at different temperatures and relative humidities (RH) has been studied in a well instrumented and controlled vessel of 1.81 m³ total free volume. Homogeneous thermal-hydraulic conditions for aerosol measurement in the vessel were achieved. The aerosol number and mass concentration were measured continuously during the experiments using a Condensation Nucleus Counter and a Tapered Element Oscillating Microbalance. The particle size distribution and chemical composition in the test conditions were measured by Berner low pressure impactors. In the case of NaOH the half life of the aerosol mass concentration was more than four times longer at low RH (22%) as compared to high RH (96%). The half lives of the CsOH and CsI aerosols were only twice as long at low RH as compared to high RH. Thus at high RH (96–97%) the half lives of CsOH and CsI were twice as long as the half life for the NaOH aerosol. The faster decay of the NaOH aerosol is due to the smaller density decrease of NaOH during water condensation. CsOH particles grew rapidly to their equilibrium size at all humidities. The measured equilibrium size for CsOH aerosol agree well with the calculated particle size at different RHs. Experimental results were also compared with calculations obtained by severe accident computer codes. These calculated results will be presented in a later paper.     

一种评价机器磨损和润滑油质量的新方法

提出用表征大型机械系统健康状态的相对劣化度作为监控机械磨损状态和油品质量变化的综合判断指标，以便结合反映机器工作状态的其它因素，共同评定机器的健康状态。以柴油机为例，对监测得到的柴油机润滑油的铁谱参数、磨损金属元素含量和油品理化性能等数据进行综合分析和处理，所得相对劣化度的变化趋势，较准确地反映了柴油机的工作状况。该方法不仅简单实用，而且便于将油液监测技术与其他监测技术（如振动诊断技术）结合起来，用一统一指标描述机器的健康状况，达到监测和预报的目的，为开发基于多种监测技术的智能诊断系统打下基础。     

蒸汽压法测定导热油热分解温度的研究

根据克拉贝龙—克劳修斯方程，建立了国内外文献未见报道的测定导热油热分解温度的试验装置和试验方法，测定了大量国内外导热油的热分解温度，数据表明该法具有准确、简单、实用、省时、省力等优点     

热分层流动计算中若干差分格式的比较

本文应用常规的守恒方程及湍流模型，对二维池内热分层流动建立了数学模型，并在Ｐａｔａｎｋａｒ的压力校正法基础上对该数学模型进行了数值计算，计算中的差分格式为乘方格式、一阶迎风、二阶迎风和ＱＵＩＣＫ。通过与实验的比较分析，建议计算应采用ＱＵＩＣＫ格式，并在进行风格独立性试验的基础上使用加密网络。     

磨损自补偿添加剂在成品油中的摩擦学效应

利用四球试验机考察了二聚酸－3－氯－2－羟基丙单酯（DAE）在4种成品油中的摩擦学性能。试验结果表明，DAE添加剂在L－HM68液压油和L－DAB100空压机油中具有良好的适应性，使其承载能力增强，摩擦系数降低及耐磨性增强；DAE在L－CKE涡轮蜗杆油中使耐磨性增强；DAE在L－CKC150齿轮油中虽使承载能力提高，减磨性增强，但有使耐磨性减小的趋势，说明DAE在不同的油中有不同的性能。     

金属清净剂的性能研究

为了改进金属清净剂的抗氧性和极压抗磨性能，用一种含硫磷的羧酸衍生物部分中和清净剂中过碱性组分，得到两种改进的金属清净剂，并用四球机和热重分析仪评价其极压抗磨和抗氧化性能。结果表明功能化处理提高了金属清净剂抗氧化和极压性能，但未对分散和抗磨性能产生显著影响。     

Tribological issues in reducing piston ring friction losses

In this paper improvement in fuel economy by reducing piston ring friction is studied and reduction of piston ring tension and the use of two-ring packages are found to be effective. However, these can be accompanied by adverse effects such as excessive wear and increasing oil consumption, and measures to overcome these problems are studied in detail.