Thin‐film transistor mobility limits considerations

The mobility limiting scattering mechanisms for amorphous semiconductors and polar polycrystalline semiconductors are studied in the context of developing new high‐performance thin‐film transistor (TFT) channel layer materials for large‐area electronics. A physics‐based model for carrier transport in an amorphous semiconductor is developed to estimate the mobility limits of amorphous semiconductor TFTs. The model involves band tail state trapping of a diffusive mobility. Simulation reveals a strong dependence on the band tail density of states. This consideration makes it difficult to realize a high‐performance p‐type oxide TFT. A polar crystalline semiconductor may offer a higher mobility but is fundamentally limited by polar optical phonon scattering. Any crystalline TFT channel layer for practical large‐area applications will not be a single crystal but polycrystalline, and therefore, grain size and grain boundary‐dependent scattering will further degrade the transport properties.     

Calculation of film stress from pitch measurements in LCD panel manufacturing

A method based on inverting a finite element model is presented for determining film stress from pitch changes before and after a film deposition step in liquid‐crystal display panel manufacturing. It differs from the conventional methods by making use of in‐plane deformation rather than out‐of‐plane measurements to calculate film stress. The resulting film stress is confounded with glass structural relaxation. Measurements of out‐of‐plane deformation at the edge of the sheet can be used with the pitch measurements to separate the effects of glass structural relaxation and film stress.     

Future Proof: The Transition to Digital at IFI Archive

Informed by research over the past two years and the work of colleagues in peer institutions, the IFI Irish Film Archive developed a six-year Digital Preservation and Access strategy which launched in 2014. Fundamental to this Strategy was the design and installation of digital archive tools for long term preservation and the redesign of workflow practices to facilitate accession and management of high resolution digital film and broadcast assets and associated metadata. This article outlines the steps taken and standards applied in developing a future proof digital audiovisual archive.     

Instability of light illumination stress on amorphous In–Ga–Zn–O thin‐film transistors

Amorphous In–Ga–Zn–O thin‐film transistors (TFTs) have attracted increasing attention due to their electrical performance and their potential for use in transparent and flexible devices. Because TFTs are exposed to illumination through red, green, and blue color filters, wavelength‐varied light illumination tests are required to ensure stable TFT characteristics. In this paper, the effects of different light wavelengths under both positive and negative V_GS stresses on amorphous In–Ga–Zn–O TFTs are investigated. The TFT instability that is dependent on optical and electrical stresses can be explained by the charge trapping mechanism and interface modification.     

To watch from distance: an interactive film model based on Brechtian film theory

With the emergence of new media, interactive film projects have mainly struggled to resolve the contradiction between dramatic structures and interaction. Dramatic film presents identification with the main character, where the viewer is constantly oppressed by the narrative, and therefore lost in illusion. In this context, when we bring on the scene interaction, the drama apparently starts to lose its power.

In this article, a new interactive film model based on Brechtian film theory is proposed. This model presents a new way of spatiotemporal construction where different audiovisual combinations can be viewed successively, and this way the viewer can actively construct his/her own story. Theoretical framework of the Brechtian interactive film model is supported by an interactive film application, named Academia. The main feature of the model is that, while interaction is very simple, the continuity of the narrative is preserved and the film requiring an intellectual level of interpretation.     

Interference Shaders of Thin Films

This paper presents a systematic study of light interferences at single thin films. Based on Fresnel's law, we have derived generic expressions of reflectance and transmittance for film interference, as well as specific expressions for free thin films and films coated on transparent or opaque objects. By combining film interference and volume absorption, we have obtained the reflectances and transmittances of film‐coated thin objects such as ribbons. Illumination models for all interference cases of single thin films are presented, and they have been implemented and tested for various structures and materials.     

Nano-composite ZrO2/Au film electrode for voltammetric detection of parathion

This work describes the fabrication of ZrO₂/Au nano-composite films and its application for voltammetric detection of organophosphate pesticides. The nano-composite ZrO₂/Au film was prepared through a combination of sol–gel procedure and electroless plating that can be carried out in a general chemistry lab with no need for special facilities and reagents. The sensing performance of the ZrO₂/Au nano-composite film electrode toward parathion was studied with square wave voltammetry. The nano-ZrO₂ showed a strong affinity toward the phosphate group on parathion molecules, which provides sensitivity and selectivity of the sensing film. A linear relationship was obtained between the peak currents and the concentration of parathion, with a detection limit for standard samples of 3 ng/ml. In addition, interference studies showed that structurally similar compounds without phosphate groups would not interfere with the response toward parathion of the film electrode.     

Thionine immobilized in crosslinked chitosan films

Redox and acid–base properties of thionine immobilized in crosslinked chitosan films are analyzed. The experimental conditions for the preparation of the films are described. Results obtained with cyclic voltammetry, spectroelectrochemistry and spectrophotometry indicate that the immobilized dye retains the redox and acid–base activity of free thionine. An acid dissociation constant (K_a) for the immobilized dye of K_a = 2.7 × 10⁻¹¹ was obtained.

Due to the stable and reversible pH dependent optical signal of the studied film, this membrane can be used as a building component of an optical pH sensor.     

蛋白质在硅烷膜表面吸附特性的压电传感监测

在压电石英晶片表面自组装修饰末端为胺基的硅烷膜,该膜在酸性和中性pH条件下带正电荷,可通过静电引力吸附带负电荷的牛血清白蛋白(BSA),吸附过程中的质量变化可通过石英晶片的谐振频率变化实时监测。结果表明:该吸附过程虽然为部分不可逆,但吸附等温线符合Langmuir方程,吸附速率常数为0.0117 L.g-1.s-1,吸附平衡常数为2.87 L.g-1,表观饱和吸附量Γ∞=0.954μg.cm-2。     

一种基于MEMS的主动式光纤连接器

介绍一种基于MEMS技术的主动式光纤连接器,上层为双层结构电热驱动器,下层为硅V型槽。双层结构在常温下作为压制光纤的盖板,通电后作为单稳态电热驱动器,盖板翘曲,放入或取出光纤。利用Ansys有限元分析软件并结合工艺条件,对热驱动器部件的性能进行了分析与仿真。利用表面硅工艺和体硅工艺制备出核心驱动部分,检测盖板翘曲情况下性能。