Al2O3-SiC-C质主铁沟浇注料的结合相研究

对高炉主出铁沟用Al2O3-SiC-C质浇注料的结合相变化进行了分析，其中涉及到溶胶结合、氮化硅铁为添加物形成的sialon结合、水泥形成的水硬性结合。溶胶结合强度主要来自于化学结合；而sialon结合、水泥结合的强度仍然来自少量水泥形成的水硬性凝固相的作用，因此对烘烤工艺、使用效果的影响不同。     

利用空气氧化NO的技术探讨

本文针对工业废气中NOx治理技术,对氧化NO的方法进行了论述,比较了各种方法的主要技术特征,着重分析了用空气作为氧化剂的可行性,得出了用空气氧化NO有较好的经济性、应用前景广阔的结论。     

碳沉积法制富氮用炭分子筛的研究

本文提出的碳沉积法是用煤焦油馏分油的有机溶液浸渍煤炭化物,然后热解以进行“孔调变”。确定了最佳工艺条件,制得富氮性能良好的炭分子筛。并用D-A方程求取了各种样品的微孔结构参数。     

煤中吡啶型氮热解机理的量子化学研究

用密度泛函 ( DFT)方法 ,在 UB3LYP/6- 31 G( d)水平上研究了煤中吡啶型氮的热解机理 ,对热解过程中由于官能团周围环境的不同而形成的三类吡啶自由基进行了量子化学计算 ,通过对键的 Mulliken布居数等计算结果的分析 ,分别得到了这三类自由基的热解途径 .并优化得到了反应物、中间体和产物的几何构型 .计算结果表明 ,吡啶型氮主要是以 HCN的形式释放出来的 .NH3 是 HCN二次反应的产物 .     

Effect of nitrogen,phosphorus and soil and crop residues management practices on maize (Zea mays L.) yield in ultisol of eastern Cameroon

The shortening of fallow period in several areas in tropical Africa has reduced soil fertility and exposed soils to erosion and run-off. Fertilizer application and crop conservation practices are needeed to sustain high crop yield and to conserve the natural resource base for upland crop production in the continent. Field trials were carried out to evaluate the effect of fertilizer application and soil and crop residues management practices on yield of maize (Zea mays L.) planted on a Plinthudult soil at Bertoua, Eastern Cameroon. Maize yields increased significantly with nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer application. Under the rainfall pattern prevailing in the area, the amount of nitrogen required for maximum yield was higher in the second season. On the other hand, the amount of phosphorus required for maximum yield appeared to decrease with time. The burning of crop residues and weeds prior to planting together with no-till practive gave higher yield of maize than other soil and crop residues management practices.     

Effect of Nitrogen Atmosphere on the Densification of a 3-mol%-Yttria-Doped Zirconia

The densification behavior of a 3-mol%-Y₂O₃-doped ZrO₂ (3Y-ZrO₂) has been investigated under N₂ and O₂ atmospheres. Powder compacts have been sintered at 1550° and 1400°C for various times. The density of the specimen sintered at 1550°C is higher in N₂ than in O₂, while the contrary result is obtained in the case of the specimen sintered at 1400°C. Such results can be explained in terms of nitrogen solubility and oxygen vacancy in a ZrO₂ matrix. Because nitrogen solubility into the ZrO₂ increases with an increase in heat-treatment temperature, leading to the formation of oxygen vacancy, the densification rate becomes higher. The present study thus shows evidence of nitrogen solubility into the ZrO₂ and its role on the densification behavior of 3Y-ZrO₂.     

Effect of alkali and alkaline earth metals on nitrogen release during temperature programmed pyrolysis of coal

Formation of HCN, NH₃, and N₂ during fixed-bed pyrolysis at 10K min⁻¹ has been studied using coal samples after partial demineralization followed by addition of metal hydroxides from aqueous systems. Without additives, NH₃ is the predominant product at ≤ 700°C, showing the two peaks in the formation rate profile, whereas N₂ is the only product at ≥ 800°C. The presence of NaOH, KOH and Ca(OH)₂ promotes considerable NH₃ formation between 450 and 600°C, but in contrast suppresses HCN formation in this region. The Ca shows the largest effect on both the promotion and suppression. It is likely that the NH₃ increased by Ca addition arises partly from HCN, but mainly from secondary reactions of tar-N. These hydroxides affect N₂ formation in quite different manners: the Na decreases the rate between 700 and 950°C, and the K changes it less significantly than the Na, but the Ca remarkably increases the rate in a low temperature region of 550–700°C. These different features are discussed in terms of solid-phase reactions of alkali metal carbonates with char-N and secondary decomposition reactions of tar-N on CaO particles. As a result, total conversion of coal-N to HCN, NH₃ and N₂ up to 1000°C increases in the sequence of Na < none < K < Ca.     

Chemical interactions between soil N and alkaline-hydrolysing N fertilizers

Chemical interactions between soil N and alkaline-hydrolysing N fertilizers labelled with¹⁵N were studied in the laboratory using twelve-irradiated soils. Fertilizer was recovered in the soil organic N fraction via the process of NH₃ fixation. NH₃ fixation at day 7 varied from 1.8 to 4.6% of the N added as aqua ammonia at 1000 mg kg^–1 soil. The amount of NH₃ fixed increased with increasing rates of application of NH_3(aq) and urea. The rate of NH₃ fixation decreased with time, with more than 55% of the total NH₃ fixation in 28 days occurring in the first week following application of 2000 mg urea-N kg^–1 soil. Soil pH and NH₃ fixation varied in response to N source, and increased in the order of di-ammonium phosphate 3 fixation, resulting in the release of unlabelled ammonium (deamination) and a real added nitrogen interaction in all but two of the soils studied. The release of NH ₄ ⁺ initially increased up to a pH of 7.5, was inhibited between pH 8.5 and 9.0, but increased thereafter. The balance (N_bal) between NH₃ fixation and deamination was either positive or negative, depending on the pH of the fertilized soil, which was directly related to N source and concentration for a given soil.     

负离子分解室内有机化合物的测试

低浓度、高毒性的挥发性有机化合物(VOC)污染大气,造成“病态建筑综合症(SBS)”,严重威胁着人们的身体健康。空气中的负离子除有利于人体生理健康以外,还能有效分解空气中的VOC。将一种负离子添加剂添加到墙体涂料中,可以得到一种能有效释放负离子的涂料。本文测试了涂刷负离子添加剂涂料的测试小室中负离子分解总挥发性有机化合物(TVOC)及甲醛的性能,结果证明:涂料释放的负离子能有效分解VOC,使室内VOC的浓度在较短时间内满足GB/T—18883—2002的要求。