基于源码分析的多核操作系统研究与人才培养实践

多核已成为处理器的主流,在传统的操作系统教学中引入操作系统如何支持多核的内容十分必要。本文从多核操作系统启动流程分析和多核操作系统调度两方面介绍基于源码分析的研究方法,借助现有的文献资料,学生不仅加深了对操作系统抽象概念的理解,也可以优化和修改内核。该方法目标准确,避免了盲目性。实践经验表明,经过几个月的高强度训练,学生的能力提升明显。     

智能科学与技术专业本科培养计划的面向应用思考

工科学校的人才教育应该以技术能力和技术创新的培养为目的,根据学校的自身条件、生源特点、社会需求来确定合适的培养计划。本文针对上海理工大学光电信息与计算机工程学院智能科学与技术本科专业的培养计划及专业建设,提出了以需求、技能、创新为目标的面向应用思考。     

某型武器网络化虚拟训练系统

为提高某型武器的训练效率,综合使用多媒体、数据库和网络技术构建某型武器网络虚拟训练系统。给出了该系统的功能设计和实现方法。系统将学习功能、虚拟训练功能和考试功能合为一体,通过综合FLASH和3DMAX软件的优点,实现了武器技术准备和战斗使用全过程的网络化虚拟训练。该系统对于利用网络资源,提高训练效果有较高的实用价值。     

项目经理培训“七年之痒”

随着社会与经济的发展,我国的计算机信息系统集成行业发展迅速,项目管理人员数量的增长,项目管理人员素质的提高是其发展的根本与保障。本文通过七年来我国信息系统集成行业项目经理发展的历史、政策的演变、项目经理的结构状况、培训市场等方面的分析,对"七年之痒"后的发展趋势作出判断。随着系统集成行业的人员资质与企业资质管理的规范化,对于人员培养的挑战的暂时的,对行业的发展意味着更多的是机遇。     

Hands-free administration of subjective workload scales: Acceptability in a surgical training environment

Introduction

Subjective workload measures are usually administered in a visual-manual format, either electronically or by paper and pencil. However, vocal responses to spoken queries may sometimes be preferable, for example when experimental manipulations require continuous manual responding or when participants have certain sensory/motor impairments. In the present study, we evaluated the acceptability of the hands-free administration of two subjective workload questionnaires - the NASA Task Load Index (NASA-TLX) and the Multiple Resources Questionnaire (MRQ) - in a surgical training environment where manual responding is often constrained.

Method

Sixty-four undergraduates performed fifteen 90-s trials of laparoscopic training tasks (five replications of 3 tasks - cannulation, ring transfer, and rope manipulation). Half of the participants provided workload ratings using a traditional paper-and-pencil version of the NASA-TLX and MRQ; the remainder used a vocal (hands-free) version of the questionnaires. A follow-up experiment extended the evaluation of the hands-free version to actual medical students in a Minimally Invasive Surgery (MIS) training facility.

Results

The NASA-TLX was scored in 2 ways - (1) the traditional procedure using participant-specific weights to combine its 6 subscales, and (2) a simplified procedure - the NASA Raw Task Load Index (NASA-RTLX) - using the unweighted mean of the subscale scores. Comparison of the scores obtained from the hands-free and written administration conditions yielded coefficients of equivalence of r = 0.85 (NASA-TLX) and r = 0.81 (NASA-RTLX). Equivalence estimates for the individual subscales ranged from r = 0.78 (“mental demand”) to r = 0.31 (“effort”). Both administration formats and scoring methods were equally sensitive to task and repetition effects. For the MRQ, the coefficient of equivalence for the hands-free and written versions was r = 0.96 when tested on undergraduates. However, the sensitivity of the hands-free MRQ to task demands (η_partial² = 0.138) was substantially less than that for the written version (η_partial² = 0.252). This potential shortcoming of the hands-free MRQ did not seem to generalize to medical students who showed robust task effects when using the hands-free MRQ (η_partial² = 0.396). A detailed analysis of the MRQ subscales also revealed differences that may be attributable to a “spillover” effect in which participants’ judgments about the demands of completing the questionnaires contaminated their judgments about the primary surgical training tasks.

Conclusion

Vocal versions of the NASA-TLX are acceptable alternatives to standard written formats when researchers wish to obtain global workload estimates. However, care should be used when interpreting the individual subscales if the object is to make comparisons between studies or conditions that use different administration modalities. For the MRQ, the vocal version was less sensitive to experimental manipulations than its written counterpart; however, when medical students rather than undergraduates used the vocal version, the instrument’s sensitivity increased well beyond that obtained with any other combination of administration modality and instrument in this study. Thus, the vocal version of the MRQ may be an acceptable workload assessment technique for selected populations, and it may even be a suitable substitute for the NASA-TLX.     

Adaptive thresholding algorithm: Efficient computation technique based on intelligent block detection for degraded document images

Document image binarization involves converting gray level images into binary images, which is a feature that has significantly impacted many portable devices in recent years, including PDAs and mobile camera phones. Given the limited memory space and the computational power of portable devices, reducing the computational complexity of an embedded system is of priority concern. This work presents an efficient document image binarization algorithm with low computational complexity and high performance. Integrating the advantages of global and local methods allows the proposed algorithm to divide the document image into several regions. A threshold surface is then constructed based on the diversity and the intensity of each region to derive the binary image. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method in providing a promising binarization outcome and low computational cost.     

软件技术专业实践教学体系的构建

简要介绍了软件技术专业实践教学体系构建的背景,结合具体课程给出实践教学体系构建过程,实践证明构建合理的实践教学体系是实现软件技术专业工学结合人才培养模式创新的必备条件和关键。     

网络监察民警培训中教学质量提升途径的探索

在新形势新任务要求下,网络监察民察的培训存在很大的难度。本文首先介绍了网络监察民警培训的必要性,然后重点从培训课程体系、师资队伍建设、教学的方式方法和实训教学环节等方面进行了探讨,以确保培训教学质量的稳步提升。     

Architecture analysis of enterprise systems modifiability - Models, analysis, and validation

Enterprise architecture (EA) models can be used in order to increase the general understanding of enterprise systems and to perform various kinds of analysis. This paper presents instantiated architectural models based on a metamodel for enterprise systems modifiability analysis, i.e. for assessing the cost of making changes to enterprise-wide systems. The instantiated architectural models detailed are based on 21 software change projects conducted at four large Nordic companies. Probabilistic relational models (PRMs) are used for formalizing the EA analysis approach. PRMs enable the combination of regular entity-relationship modeling aspects with means to perform enterprise architecture analysis under uncertainty. The modifiability metamodel employed in the analysis is validated with survey and workshop data (in total 110 experts were surveyed) and with the data collected in the 21 software change projects. Validation indicates that the modifiability metamodel contains the appropriate set of elements. It also indicates that the metamodel produces estimates within a 75% accuracy in 87% of the time and has a mean accuracy of 88% (when considering projects of 2000 man-hours or more).     

直升机鲁棒保性能控制律设计

考虑直升机在飞行包线内模型参数的变化及不确定性影响,设计了鲁棒保性能控制律;根据直升机一个标称状态点构造出了参数不确定性矩阵,利用Lyapunov稳定性定理和线性矩阵不等式方法给出了控制器存在的充分条件及参数化设计方法,进行直升机三轴姿态稳定保性能控制律的设计;仿真结果表明,所设计的控制器满足三轴姿态稳定要求且具有很好的鲁棒性。