一种新的变步长ICA自适应算法

结合互信息极小的优化判据，基于估计函数期望平方准则、外点法和最速下降法的思想，本文导出了一种新的变步长独立分量分析(ICA)自适应算法。该算法克服了固定步长在分离矩阵推导过程中出现的稳态失调问题，比基于模拟退火步长的ICA算法有更快的仞始收敛速度和较高的分离精度。同时，该算法还具有较好的时变系统跟踪能力。理论分析和仿真计算结果证实了其可以有效地提高ICA的自适虚性，更准确地完成盲信号分离。     

Ice-slurry production using direct contact heat transfer

An ice slurry generation system was developed using direct contact heat transfer between water and the coolant, Fluroinert FC-84. The location of the coolant nozzle is an important design consideration to avoid clogging due to freezing of water. An ice fraction of up to about 40 percent was obtained with the nozzle located at the bottom of the ice slurry tank and the jet directed upwards into the water. Two simplified model were developed to extract the heat transfer coefficient between the coolant drops and the water. The first model requires as input the average drop diameter and the residence time while the second model uses the measured drop diameter distribution. The estimated heat transfer coefficients are much smaller than those computed using single-sphere correlations.     

The effect of home storage conditions and packaging materials on the quality of frozen green beans

Home storage is the final step of the frozen foods distribution chain, and little is known on how it affects the products quality. The present research describes frozen green beans (Phaseolus vulgaris, L.) quality retention profile during the recommended ‘star marking’ system dates, at the storage temperatures of +5, −6, −12 and −18 °C (along 1, 4, 14 and 60 days, respectively).

The quality profile was assessed by a simulation system. Simulations were set by a response surface methodology to access the effect of different packaging materials (thermal conductivities and thickness), surface heat transfer coefficient, and refrigerator dynamics (effect of refrigeration cycles at the different storage temperatures) on the average retentions of Ascorbic Acid, total vitamin C, colour and flavour.

Green beans quality losses along frozen storage are significantly influenced by temperature, refrigerator dynamics and kinetic properties. Quality is also highly dependent on packaging materials thermal insulation (e.g. at temperatures above the melting point). Temperature cycles inside frozen chambers have a long term effect, and at the higher storage temperatures (e.g. T>−6 °C) are detrimental to frozen green beans quality after shorter periods.     

Numerical analysis of two-dimensional steady-state and transient heat transfer in a parallel duct filled with pressurized He II

Analysis on steady-state and transient heat transfer on a flat plate at the middle of a parallel duct immersed in He II was performed for bath temperatures from 1.8 to 2.1 K at 101.3 kPa. Two-dimensional computer code named SUPER-2D developed by the authors based on the two-fluid model and the theory of mutual friction was used. Steady-state critical heat flux (CHF) and the time lag from the application of a step heat input to λ transition, that is called a lifetime, were obtained numerically for various step heat fluxes and for the channel gaps from 2 to 20 mm. Effect of the gap restriction on the CHF and the lifetime were clarified. The solutions were compared with the experimental data for the ducts with the same structures and the corresponding conditions. They agreed well with the experimental data. The heat transport mechanism in the parallel duct was clarified.     

Application of piece‐wise linear weight functions for 2D 8‐node quadrilateral element in contact problems

The present study is a continuation of our previous work with the aim to reduce problems caused by standard higher order elements in contact problems. The difficulties can be attributed to the inherent property of the Galerkin method which gives uneven distributions of nodal forces resulting in oscillating contact pressures. The proposed remedy is use of piece‐wise linear weight functions. The methods to establish stiffness and/or mass matrix for 8‐node quadrilateral element in 2D are presented, i.e. the condensing and direct procedures. The energy and nodal displacement error norms are also checked to establish the convergence ratio. Interpretation of calculated contact pressures is discussed. Two new 2D 8‐node quadrilateral elements, QUAD8C and QUAD8D, are derived and tested in many examples, which show their good performance in contact problems. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

浅谈炼钢车间的自动控制系统

介绍了天津钢铁工业结构调整改造后的新钢铁企业炼钢车间的自动控制系统，系统的配置、主要功能，并对系统做出评价。     

Transfer formalisms

We discuss some different ideas about the sort of formalism appropriate for translation (more specifically, transfer) that have been explored within Eurotra. The intention is not to evaluate these different ideas, but to outline the issues of general interest and relevance that they raise. Section 1 describes some common assumptions, section 2 describes the different ways they have been interpreted, and section 3 considers some further implications.     

Development of a Ceramic Micro Heat Exchanger – Design,Construction, and Testing

This article presents the development of a ceramic micro heat exchanger. Starting from its geometrical design, results obtained from a simplified simulation of the heat exchanger efficiency will be given. The alumina microcomponents were manufactured by a rapid prototyping process chain. Here, stereolithography was combined with a low‐pressure injection molding process for the rapid and precise manufacturing of ceramic components down to the micrometer range. A micro heat exchanger, joined from sintered components using a glass solder, was applied as a prototype and checked for its performance at a system pressure of 8 bar.     

垂直管吸收器内泡式吸收过程的数值研究

建立垂直管吸收器管内泡式吸收过程中传热传质的数学物理模型，对其泡式吸收过程进行数值研究，获得泡式吸收方式的一些传热传质特性，为吸收器的优化设计提供一定理论指导。