基于层次特征的藏文人名识别研究

为了提高藏文人名识别的效果,提出了结合三层的层次特征的藏文人名识别算法。提出了无需分词,仅在藏文音节粒度上,基于藏文人名三层特征：内部特征、上下文信息、并列关系特征,利用条件随机场（Conditional Random Fields, CRF）算法,进行藏文人名识别的研究。首先将人名的内部和上下文特征作为CRF特征,然后将人名并列关系特征设计为规则进一步提高识别效果。在不影响准确率的情况下,最终将人名识别的召回率提高了10.43%,综合F值达到了95.02%。其中对于藏族人名的F值提升了11%,音译人名识别的F值达到了94.09%。实验结果表明,该方法可以有效提升藏文人名的识别效果。     

网络新闻口语评论文本中人物对象识别方法

网络新闻口语评论文本中的人物对象是网络舆情的重要内容,是口语评论情感倾向性分析的基础。该文结合新闻口语评论中人物对象特点,提出了一种有效的人物对象自动识别方法。该方法首先在分词基础上,采用多频率综合判别对单字作为人物对象的可靠度进行评估,以获得稳定的识别线索;其次,根据线索划定处理窗口,利用改进频繁项挖掘算法,从窗口中提取候选人物对象;最后,对结果中存在的冗余进行优化处理。实验结果表明,新方法能够完整、有效地识别网络新闻口语评论文本中的人物对象。     

斗栱（二）

斗栱是中国式建筑所特有的形制，其功能在承托上部支出的屋檐，将其重量直接集中到柱上，或间接地先传至额枋上再转到柱上。凡是重要或带纪念性的建筑物，大都带有斗栱。本文介绍了斗栱的构造、斗栱各层构件名称（以五踩斗栱单翘单昂为例）和斗栱操作（以五踩斗栱单翘单昂为例）。     

Identifier length and limited programmer memory

Because early variable mnemonics were limited to as few as six to eight characters, many early programmers abbreviated concepts in their variable names. The past thirty years have seen a steady increase in permitted name length and, slowly, an increase in the actual identifier length. However, in theory names can be too long for programmers to comprehend and manipulate effectively. Most obviously, in object-oriented programs, entity naming often involves chaining of method calls and field selectors (e.g., class.firstAssignment().name.trim()). While longer names bring the potential for better comprehension through more embedded sub-words, there are practical limits to their length given limited human memory resources.The driving hypothesis behind the presented study is that names used in modern programs have reached this limit. Thus, a goal of the study is to better understand the balance between longer, more expressive names and limited programmer memory resources. Statistical models derived from an experiment involving 158 programmers of varying degrees of experience show that longer names extracted from production code take more time to process and reduce correctness in a simple recall activity. This has clear negative implications for any attempt to read, and hence comprehend or manipulate, the source code found in modern software. The experiment also evaluates the advantage of identifiers having probable ties to a programmer’s persistent memory. Combined, these results reinforce past proposals advocating the use of limited, consistent, and regular vocabulary in identifier names. In particular, good naming limits individual name length and reduces the need for specialized vocabulary.     

基于统计方法的中文姓名识别

专有名词的识别对自动分词有重要意义。本文针对如何识别中文姓名做了有益的尝试,主要采用基于统计方法,进行中文姓名识别。本文建立了有监督学习机制,提出了句子切分结果可信度等概念,并在此基础上建立了较好的统计模型,系统闭式精确率和召回率分别达95.97%和95.52% ,开式精确率和召回率分别达92.37%和88.62%。     

语言学术语译名的规范化摭谈

语言学术语译名规范化问题是值得社会关注和探讨的问题。本文在对语言学术语译名不规范表现、基本特点以及对影响语言学术语译名规范化因素分析的基础上,提出了规范原则及对策。     

Names and words without meaning: Incidental postmorbid semantic learning in a person with extensive bilateral medial temporal damage.

The authors describe a densely amnesic man who has acquired explicit semantic knowledge of famous names and vocabulary words that entered popular culture after the onset of his amnesia. This new semantic knowledge was temporally graded and existed over and above the implicit memory he demonstrated in reading speed and accuracy, familiarity ratings, and his ability to make correct guesses on unfamiliar items. However, his postmorbid knowledge was limited to verbal labels denoting famous people and words; he possessed virtually no explicit knowledge of the meaning of these words or the identities of these individuals, although there was some evidence that some of this information had been acquired at an implicit level. Findings are discussed in the context of a neural network model (J. L. McClelland, B. L. McNaughton, & R. C. O'Reilly, 1995) of semantic acquisition. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

浅析文化缺失的应对策略——以中译日菜名为例

文化在翻译中有着十分重要的地位,而菜名的中译日过程中受各种因素的影响存在文化缺失现象,要对这种缺失进行补偿,译者必须采取一些应对策略。本文就中国菜名的中译日为例,简单探讨一些行之有效的文化缺失应对策略。     

跨文化旅游翻译中的地名翻译

准确、规范地对相关地名进行翻译，是衡量涉外导游工作质量的一个标准，是影响对外文化交流的一个很重要的因素。通过大量实例探讨了旅游翻译中的一个难点——地名翻译，归纳、总结出了地名翻译应遵循的基本原则。     

基于分级地名库的中文地理编码的研究

地理编码在城市空间定位和分析领域内具有非常广泛的应用,但由于中文地址没有统一的规范和固定的模式,目前中文地址编码尚无很完善的解决方案。针对这一问题,采用基于分级地名数据库的中文地理编码方法,并详细阐述了实现该方法的关键技术：地名数据库的数据模型、地址串的拆分和地址匹配技术。最后通过实际数据进行验证,实验结果表明,该方案能较好地解决绝大多数地址数据的匹配问题。