甘肃中部地区农村劳动力转移的问题及对策

摘 要 甘肃中部地区在农村劳动力转移过程中出现了从未有过的“五化”（整体人口低能化、劳动者队 伍的老龄化、村庄凋敝化、公共管理弱化、男性鳏夫化）现象。通过对该现象进行深入分析,有针对性地 提出了大力提高农村人口素质,创新农地产权制度,大力发展民营企业,着力推进农村就业公共服务体系 建设,有序、较快推进农村城镇化等对策建议。     

可信模块隐私保护的自证明签密方案

提出可信模块间安全通信的一种高效的基于自证明公钥的签密方案IDTSC,它可以抵抗不诚实CA的消息伪造攻击和共谋攻击,且中间人在获得密文后如果没有接收方密钥则无法知道和验证密文的签密者和接收者,实现密文的匿名性。给出了系统模型并证明了其安全性,包括语义安全性、不可伪造性、密文匿名性和不诚实CA的可追踪性。方案可应用于要求身份隐藏和身份隐私保护的安全传输环境。与其它相似方案比较,IDTSC方案有更强的安全性和更高的计算效率。     

开放网络环境中信任管理框架

在开放网络环境中,运用用户行为及模糊理论对信任框架进行了建模。给出了信任的定义和信任的计算机制及相关算法。该算法具有很好的对恶意节点的屏蔽能力,引入亲疏系数的概念,可同时解决了恶意节点的定义方式以及信任网络刚建立时各节点信任度初始化的问题。扩展了云模型,使得信任度期望接近评价区间临界区域时,节点拥有与一般信任度期望远离临界区域时完全不同的信任程度。讨论了云模型各参数对信任度计算的影响。通过引入时间衰减系数及行为影响系数,较好地解决了信任的模糊性随时间及行为变化的动态性的特点。     

P2P网络环境下的推荐信任模型方案

P2P网络的匿名性和动态性带来了许多安全问题,传统的信任管理模型并不能很好的适应对等网络环境。提出了一种基于推荐的P2P网络信任模型,将节点提供服务和推荐的能力进行区分,用信誉值表示节点的推荐能力,根据节点的直接信任值、其它节点的推荐信任值和相应的惩罚值来计算节点的信任度,节点依据信任度选择交易对象。仿真实验表明,基于推荐的信任模型能有效的评估节点的信任度,在交易成功率上要优于传统的信任管理模型。     

利用信任和社会网络的资源发现方法

为解决无结构对等网络中因恶意节点的欺诈行为造成的搜索不可靠问题,提出了利用信任和
社会网络(TSN)的资源发现方法;提出转发信任度、路由信任度和交易信任度的概念,用来
反映节点提供可靠服务的能力. 在节点选择朋友进行消息转发时,优先选择综合信任度高且
相关度高的朋友节点转发查询消息. 实验结果表明,TSN方法在资源搜索阶段有效屏蔽了恶
意节点,保证了请求节点获得服务资源的可靠性,提高了搜索效率.     

超冗余移动机械臂的逆运动学快速求解

为了快速并精确地求解一类冗余移动机械臂(MM)运动学的优化逆解,提出了一种基于遗传信
赖域算法和解析解法相结合的运动学求逆方法. 首先使用解析解法求出机械臂逆解关于移动
车运动参数的表达式,据此表达式引入关节最佳柔顺性准则确定信赖域算法的目标函数;然
后用遗传信赖域算法快速求解此只包含移动车运动参数为自变量的目标函数的最优化问题,
据此求出运动学逆解. 仿真算例表明,该方法能快速求出精确和优化的运动学逆解.     

Local adaptive segmentation algorithm for 3-D medical image based on robust feature statistics

Medical image segmentation is of pivotal importance in computer-aided clinical diagnosis. Many factors, including noises, bias field effect, local volume effect, as well as tissue movement may affect the med- ical image, thus causing blurring or uneven characteristics when forming a picture. Such quality defects will inevitably impair the gray-scale difference between adjacent tissues and lead to insufficient segmentation or even leakage during tissue or organ segmentation. In the present investigation, a local adaptive segmentation algorithm for 3-D medical image based on robust feature statistics （LARFS） was proposed. By combining segmentation algorithm principles for traditional region growing （RG） and robust feature statistics （RFS）, the location and neighborhood image information of input seed point can be comprehensively analyzed by LARFS. Results show that, for different segmentation objects, under controlling the input parameter of growing factor within certain range, LARFS segmentation algorithm can adapt well to the regional geometric shape. And be- cause the robust feature statistics is applied in the contour evolution process, LARFS algorithm is not sensitive to noises and not easily influenced by image contrast and object topology. Hence, the leakage and excessive segmentation effects are ameliorated with a smooth edge, and the accuracy can be controlled within the effective error range.     

A Thermo-Mechanical Study of Some Epoxy Adhesives Subjected to Combined Dynamic and Static Stresses

The object of the present study was to investigate the effect of superimposed dynamic and static stresses on mechanical and thermal properties of some epoxy adhesives. It was found that combinations of shear creep and torsional oscillations, applied simultaneously to adhesive joints at temperatures within the glassy range of the adhesive, led to strengthening of the joints in shear and to an increase in the glass transition temperature of the adhesive. Similar loading stresses applied at temperatures close to the T_g of the adhesive, led to opposite effects on the above mentioned properties of the joints. The width of the glassy-rubbery transition of the adhesives increased, in the whole range of temperatures used in this study and for all epoxy compositions, as a result of subjecting the joints to superimposed dynamic and static stresses. The broadening of the glass transition was interpreted as a result of the stiffening of polymer network during the combined stressing experiments. A linear relationship was found between the area of endothermal peaks in the first DSC scan of specimens subjected prior to test to superimposed dynamic and static stresses at temperatures below T_g, and the shear strength of the joints. In agreement with this observation and with literature data, a linear relationship was revealed also between the glass transition temperature of the resins (measured in the first DSC scan) and the shear strength of the joints. Based on experimental observations and on some literature information, it was suggested that the strengthening of the joint, as well as the changes in thermal properties of the adhesives, are mainly due to physical processes, such as short-range orientation of network chains and an increase in intermolecular interaction between highly polar sites of the network. The possibility that superimposed stressing led to changes in chemical crosslinking was discussed but it seems that no such reactions occurred.     

2008~2016年MODIS多角度大气校正气溶胶产品在中国的时空分布及变化趋势

探究全国大气气溶胶分布及变化特征,准确了解中国地区气溶胶光学特性对研究大气环境污染、应对全球气候变化是非常重要的。对2008~2016年的MODIS MAIAC气溶胶光学厚度数据在中国的适用性进行验证,并采用Mann-Kendall方法,从不同的时空尺度和气溶胶类型上分析中国地区AOD值的时空变化特征。结果表明：①验证表明C6的MAIAC反演结果在中国AERONET匹配点上表现良好,C6的MAIAC反演AOD结果适用于中国区域;②从年际尺度上看,2008~2016年AOD年均值整体呈波动下降;从季节尺度上看,AOD季节变化呈春季整体高、夏季中心高、秋冬季水平低的特点,各省AOD平均值及各省份划区AOD平均值随季节变化趋势相似。③在空间上,AOD呈东南高、西北低、高值中心聚集的特征。④中国AOD变化整体呈现出东部减少且集聚,西部增加且分散的变化特征。可进一步探究不同种类气溶胶分布和气溶胶与典型大气污染物分布关系,以期为中国环境污染治理提供更好的决策指导。     

A maximum self-esteem degree based feedback mechanism for group consensus reaching with the distributed linguistic trust propagation in social network

This paper focuses on consensus reaching process (CRP) under social network in which the trust relationship expressed by linguistic information. A new feedback mechanism in social network group decision making (SN-GDM) is proposed, which mainly consists of the following two aspects: (1) The propagation of distributed linguistic trust is investigated to study trust relation among experts; (2) A maximum self-esteem degree based feedback mechanism is developed to produce personalized advice for reaching higher group consensus. To do so, a novel linguistic trust propagation method is proposed to obtain the complete trust relationship among group. The self-esteem degree is used to define the extent that an individual makes concessions. Then, a maximum self-esteem degree based optimal feedback mechanism is built to produce personalized advice to help inconsistent experts make change of their opinion. Its novelty lies in the establishment of an optimization model with the nonlinear group self-esteem degree function as the objective function while group consensus threshold as the restrictions. Therefore, the inconsistent experts will reach a group consensus with the minimum loss of self-esteem degree, and then, it achieves the optimal balance between individual self-esteem and group consensus. Finally, a ranking process is applied to derive the appropriate consensus solution.