The Adhesion and Formation Mechanism of Blast Furnace Gunning Layer

1 Introduction Gunning refractories are unshaped refractories commonly used in iron and steel industry for the main- tenance of furnace linings. The specific way of gunning processing requires the refractory to have specific rheo- logical properties so as…     

Homogenization of hardness distribution and distortion in high pressure gas quenching

Quenching with gases rather than oil or other liquid media has the advantages of reducing the risks concerning health and environment, while simultaneously homogenizing the quenching results and minimizing distortion due to a wide range of possible process parameter variations and the pure convective heat transfer. In this contribution, a coupled solution for increasing homogenization of quenching results within high pressure gas quenching will be presented. In the first stage, an experimental test facility was set up for flow investigations and in the second stage a numerical simulation model was generated. The numerical and experimental results of the flow through the chamber were compared for several boundary conditions. Finally, after complete verification of the simulation, the model may be used to assist in parameter variation for optimization of homogeneous high pressure gas quenching.     

Material constant sensitivity boundary integral equation for anisotropic solids

In this paper, the material constant sensitivity boundary integral equation is presented, and its numerical solution proposed, based on boundary element techniques. The formulation deals with plane problems with general rectilinear anisotropy. Expressions for the computation of sensitivities for displacements, tractions, strains and stresses are derived, both for boundary and interior points. The sensitivities can be computed with respect to the bulk material properties or to the properties of part of the domain (inclusions, coatings, etc.). To assess the accuracy of the proposed approach, the computed results are compared to analytical ones derived from exact solutions obtained by complex potential theory, when possible, or finite difference derivatives otherwise. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Application of boundary element method to 3-D problems of coupled thermoelasticity

This paper deals with a new boundary element method for analysis of the quasistatic problems in coupled thermoelasticity. Through some mathematical manipulation of the Navier equation in elasticity, the heat conduction equation is transformed into a simpler form, similar to the uncoupled-type equation with the modified thermal conductivity which shows the coupling effects. This procedure enables us to treat the coupled thermoelastic problems as an uncoupled one, A few examples are computed by the proposed BEM, and the results obtained are compared with the analytical ones available in the literature, whereby the accuracy and versatility of the proposed method are demonstrated.     

应用吸水剖面资料确定吸水层动态残余油饱和度的方法

基于岩心长期注水试验资料，认识到吸水层的残余油饱和度的变化是一个缓慢减小的过程。文章给出了动态残余油饱和度的概念，提出了利用吸水剖面测井资料来确定动态残余油饱和度的方法。通过现场实测资料的解释，建立了动态残余油饱和度与吸水层每米累计吸水量的定量关系，为剩余油分布研究提供新思路。     

油气输导体系的类型及配置关系

将输导体系划分为储集层输导体系、断裂输导体系和不整合输导体系3大类，8种类型，指出输导体系的时空配置关系是决定油气藏的重要因素；着重阐明了输导层在空间和时间上的配置关系，认为这些配置关系是影响输导体系有效性的重要因素；提出了运移级次性的概念，讨论了划分运移级次对油气运移研究的意义，指出准噶尔盆地西北缘邻近玛湖以储集层输导体系和不整合输导体系为主．边缘地区以断层输导体系为主。浅层油气成藏期主要取决于断层的活动期。     

Simulation of macroscopic material behavior for uniaxial fiber-matrix composites, using a DAE-approach

The macroscopic deformation behavior of a fiber-reinforced aluminum-boron composite is investigated. Different periodic and random arrangements of the microstructure are considered with macroscopic hardening behavior due to the evolution of plastic zones on the microscale being taken into account.

For the solution of the initial boundary value problem, a non-standard algorithm is applied. It consists of the direct solution of the whole set of equations, treating all variables as global quantities. Together with a higher order time integration method (BDF2), an automatic step size control is used in the FEM calculations.     

Stretchable Gold Tracks on Flat Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) Rubber Substrate

A process to fabricate stretchable gold tracks on silicone rubber substrates is studied by XPS, static water contact angle measurement, AFM, and SEM. The process involves several steps: removing uncured oligomers by hexane Soxhlet extraction; pre-stretching the substrate; activating the strained silicone surface by an oxygen plasma treatment; coating the strained substrate with 5 nm titanium and 80 nm gold layers; and finally releasing the sample. The plasma treatment creates a thin brittle silica-like layer that temporarily increases the substrate's surface energy. Indeed, the plasma treatment is followed by a hydrophobic recovery. As a consequence, the delay between plasma treatment and metal deposition has to be reduced as much as possible. The silica-like layer can be nicely observed after release. The entire process allows us to obtain stretchable metallized samples that remain conductive even after an excessive deformation leading to electrical failure.