广义米理论及其在粒度分析中的应用

有形波束的散射问题在粒度分析测量仪器的研究中有着特殊重要的意义，本文介绍了处理均匀球形粒子对有形波束散射的广义米理论，并应用该理论研究了双柱形激光波束粒子测量系统的散射问题，与未理论和几何光学相比，其结果与实验吻合很好。     

薄相屏闪烁的数值分析

本文在弱闪烁条件下，利用广泛适用于星际闪烁、行星际闪烁和电离层闪烁的薄相屏理论，以行星际闪烁为算例，对薄相屏闪烁进行了数值分析。结果表明：垂直于介质运动方向上的不规则结构的大小对闪烁有着重要的影响，直接表现在频谱的变化趋势和振荡幅度的不同。尤其是当小于Ｆｒｅｓｎｅｌ尺度时，数值计算表明此时没有闪烁发生。     

天线方向图的复射线仿真

根据复射线理论，利用复源点高斯波束场来模拟天线的远场方向图。本文提出三种模拟方法，即主瓣匹配法，峰值匹配法和逐点匹配法，给出了多种方向图的仿真结果。数值分析和优化结果表明，复射线峰值匹配法是一种精确实用的天线方向图仿真技术。     

高质量的一级光栅1．55μmDFB激光器

本文详细叙述了ＤＦＢ激光器的设计要点和新的工艺。采用一级全息光栅和二步液相外延法批量研制出高稳定单纵模工作的１．５５μｍ分布反馈激光器（ＤＦＢ—ＬＤ）。外延片成品率＞４０％。器件特性：２５℃时阈值电流２０ｍＡ，单面光功率＞１０ｍｗ，主边模抑制比ＳＭＳＲ达４３ｄＢ（λ／４相移光栅），谱线宽度△ν－２０ｄＢ＝０．３ｎｍ，调制速率＞１．８ＧＨｚ。可靠性测试显示：高温监测光谱稳定，２５°Ｃ时阈值退化率△Ｉｔｈ／ｔ＜０．３ｍＡ／ｋｈ，对应器件预估寿命将超过１０万ｈ。     

LiF晶体中F+,/sup>2色心在室温下的激光运转及可调谐输出

本文把纯LiF晶体中色心激光宽带输出的转换效率提高到11%，得到了心激光的宽带输出与温度的变化曲线。实现了色心激光的波长从0.86～1.02 μm的可调谐输出，并对泵浦光作用下LiF晶体中的各种色心动力学机制进行了分析。     

Energy minimization and design for testability

The problem of fault detection in general combinational circuits is NP-complete. The only previous result on identifying easily testable circuits is due to Fujiwara who gave a polynomial time algorithm for detecting any single stuck fault inK-bounded circuits. Such circuits may only contain logic blocks with no more thanK input lines and the blocks are so connected that there is no reconvergent fanout among them. We introduce a new class of combinational circuits called the (k, K)-circuits and present a polynomial time algorithm to detect any single or multiple stuck fault in such circuits. We represent the circuit as an undirected graphG with a vertex for each gate and an edge between a pair of vertices whenever the corresponding gates have a connection. For a (k, K)-circuit,G is a subgraph of ak-tree, which, by definition, cannot have a clique of size greater thank+1. Basically, this is a restriction on gate interconnections rather than on the function of gates comprising the circuit. The (k, K)-circuits are a generalization of Fujiwara'sK-bounded circuits. Using the bidirectional neural network model of the circuit and the energy function minimization formulation of the fault detection problem, we present a test generation algorithm for single and multiple faults in (k, K)-circuits. This polynomial time aggorithm minimizes the energy function by recursively eliminating the variables.     

车号定位识别与可信度估计

以车号的定位与识别为例，应用行投影法对车号图片进行倾斜行定位，证明了模拟与场景的二维互相关系数近拟等于一维投影互相关系数，在此基础上提列投影法快速行扫描识别算法及相应的可信度估计方法，这种方法对于室外拍摄的有复杂背景，光照变化，字体微倾，字符排列疏密不均及噪声干扰的车牌图像具有很好的识别效果。     

Articulating User Needs in Collaborative Design: Towards an Activity-Theoretical Approach

This paper analyses the collaborative design ofa high-technology product, a neuromagnetometerused in the analysis of the activity of thehuman cortex. The producer, Neuromag Company istrying to transform the device from a basicresearch instrument into a means of clinicalpractice. This transition is analyzed as asimultaneous evolution of the product,producer-user network and user activities. Thenetwork is analyzed as a network of activitysystems. Each activity has a historicallyformed object and a motive of its own, as wellas a system of cultural means and expertise. Weuse these to explain and understand theinterests and points of view of the actors inrelation to the product and the contradictionsof the producer-user network. It is suggestedthat the emerging user needs of collectiveactors must be analyzed at three levels. At thefirst level, the use value of the product, itscapacity of solving the vital problems andchallenges of developing user activities, ischaracterized. The second-level analysisconcerns the creation and development of thenecessary complementary tools and services thatmake the implementation and use of the productpossible. This task presupposes collaborationbetween several communities of the innovationnetwork. The third level is the situatedpractical use of the product. In ourexperience, it is advantageous that researcherscontribute with their data to a dialogue inwhich the user needs are articulated.     

Buckling analysis for delaminated composites using plate bending elements based on higher‐order zig‐zag theory

A finite element based on the efficient higher‐order zig‐zag theory with multiple delaminations is developed. The bending part of the formulation is constructed from the concept of DKQ element. Unlike conventional elements, a developed element has its reference in the bottom surface which simplifies zig‐zag terms on formulation. Exact patch solutions are developed on elements which have the bottom reference system. The present element passes proper bending patch tests in the arbitrary mesh configurations in isotropic materials. Zig‐zag formulation is adopted to model laminated plates with multiple delaminations. To assess the accuracy and efficiency of the present element based on higher‐order zig‐zag theory with multiple delaminations, the linear buckling problem of laminated plates with multiple delaminations has been analysed. The results have been compared with three‐dimensional elasticity solutions. The present element works as an efficient tool for analysing the behaviour of the laminated composites with multiple delaminations. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

éditorial.

This issue begins with an invited paper by Ronald Melzack, continuing the "Distinguished Contribution Series" begun in 1990 by my predecessor, Gordon Winocur. Professor Melzack is known world-wide for his research on pain. In 1965, together with Patrick Wall, he proposed the gate control theory, an entirely new conception of pain. For the first time, there was an explicit physiological model emphasizing the role played by the brain as well as by the spinal cord, leading to a new integration of psychological and physiological contributions to pain, as well as to new avenues for the control of pain. This theory has been highly influential, as a quick look in virtually any textbook in biology or medicine will confirm. Professor Melzack's continuing development of his ideas is presented with remarkable clarity in his books and in his many journal articles. It is, therefore, especially exciting for CJEP to be the first to publish a sketch of his new neuromatrix theory. When the book developing this theory is published, it too will no doubt have an immediate and major impact. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)