COMPLEX NONLINEAR MATHEMATICAL MODEL FOR A KIND OF VEHICLE SHOCK ABSORBORS

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结构参数对非织造材料吸声系数的影响

分别以涤纶针刺法非织造材料和丙纶熔喷非织造材料为基,通过热粘合方式制成不同参数的同质非织造材料吸声体。通过分析同质非织造材料吸声体的厚度、面密度、孔径、孔隙率等结构参数与其平均吸声系数之间的关系,探讨非织造材料结构参数对其吸声性能的影响。实验结果表明,对于同种材料而言,涤纶针刺非织造材料与丙纶熔喷非织造材料的结构参数对其平均吸声系数具有较大影响,材料的平均吸声系数随厚度和面密度的增加而增加。     

一种应用于救护车辆的磁流变减振器的实验研究

磁流变减振器是一种可实现半主动控制的理想减振装置.本文对救护车辆的磁流变减振器进行了实验研究,分析了不同振动状态和输入电压下减振器的示功特性和速度特性.实验表明,磁流变减振器具有良好的阻尼可控特性,是理想的救护车辆减振控制装置.     

Active Packaging Applications for Food

The traditional role of food packaging is continuing to evolve in response to changing market needs. Current drivers such as consumer's demand for safer, “healthier,” and higher‐quality foods, ideally with a long shelf‐life; the demand for convenient and transparent packaging, and the preference for more sustainable packaging materials, have led to the development of new packaging technologies, such as active packaging (AP). As defined in the European regulation (EC) No 450/2009, AP systems are designed to “deliberately incorporate components that would release or absorb substances into or from the packaged food or the environment surrounding the food.” Active packaging materials are thereby “intended to extend the shelf‐life or to maintain or improve the condition of packaged food.” Although extensive research on AP technologies is being undertaken, many of these technologies have not yet been implemented successfully in commercial food packaging systems. Broad communication of their benefits in food product applications will facilitate the successful development and market introduction. In this review, an overview of AP technologies, such as antimicrobial, antioxidant or carbon dioxide‐releasing systems, and systems absorbing oxygen, moisture or ethylene, is provided, and, in particular, scientific publications illustrating the benefits of such technologies for specific food products are reviewed. Furthermore, the challenges in applying such AP technologies to food systems and the anticipated direction of future developments are discussed. This review will provide food and packaging scientists with a thorough understanding of the benefits of AP technologies when applied to specific foods and hence can assist in accelerating commercial adoption.     

垂直管吸收器内泡式吸收热质传递过程分析

通过建立垂直管吸收器内泡式吸收过程中传热传质的数学物理模型,研究了泡式吸收方式;利用模型对吸收过程中出现的搅拌流、活塞流、泡状流等分别进行分析,获得了泡式吸收方式吸收过程中的一些传热传质特性.     

基于纳米压印的超材料近红外吸收器的制备研究

超材料吸收器的高吸收率源于表面金属颗粒与介质层之间产生的局域等离激元共振以及由金属颗粒--介质层--金属反射层构成的微腔所导致的共振吸收。其吸收特性与金属颗粒的尺寸、形貌和介质层的材料和厚度密切相关。设计优化了一个在近红外波段1.2 μm处具有近完美吸收的超材料吸收器。以该设计为蓝图,利用纳米压印技术制备了一系列具有不同介质层厚度的器件,并利用红外反射谱定量研究了这些器件的吸收特性。实验结果证实,用纳米压印技术制备的超材料器件具有工艺可靠性好、加工精度高等优点。实验测得的吸收率变化趋势与理论预期相符,吸收率较高。     

A theoretical model of a free flow solution over an inclined long flat plate solar still

This analysis is used to investigate a free flow inclined flat plate solar still.To study the effect of significant parameters on a laminar falling liquid solution over an inclined long flat plate solar still, a mathematical two dimensional flow analysis is carried out based on continuity, momentum and energy equations for liquid and vapor phases together with the interface. As far as the liquid film is concerned, the velocity, film thickness, pressure, temperature and the hourly evaporated water volume profiles are found. It is shown that the significant parameters which affect the solar still are the initial film thickness (i.e, the initial mass flow rate), the plate inclination, the still length and the absorber heat flux (i.e., the solar radiation reaching the plate). It is also shown that the variation in liquid film thickness down the still has a significant effect on the evaporation rate (i.e., the condensed water) and should not be neglected particularly in the case of a long inclined solar still.     

Fabrication of urchin-like ZnO-MXene nanocomposites for high-performance electromagnetic absorption

The recently developed two-dimensional transition metal carbides (such as MXene) have shown amazing electrical properties. MXene and derivative two dimensional (2D) materials are widely used in electron devices, and have large potential application in electromagnetic (EM) absorber. Herein we describe a mild method to prepare an urchin-like ZnO-MXene Ti₃C₂T_x nanocomposite through a coprecipitation process. The nanocomposite delivers a substantially enhanced EM absorbing performance with an optimum reflection loss of −26.30 dB, which is significantly better than that of primitive Ti₃C₂T_x (−6.70 dB), owing to the construction of unique semiconductive networks and larger interfaces. The EM absorption performance can be effectively controlled in the range of 14.0–18.0 bands by changing the growth time of ZnO. Considering the large amount of members in MXene, this study demonstrates a new strategy applicable in maximizing their applications in EM absorbing materials.     

基于热管技术的锂离子动力电池热管理系统研究进展

近年来,锂离子动力型电动汽车炙手可热,但它的广泛应用还受限于电池性能、寿命及使用安全等问题。锂离子电池在25～40℃内可高效安全运行,这就需要配备高效的热管理系统以保障整车安全。本文针对锂离子电池,主要综述了包括风冷、液冷、相变材料冷却和热管冷却等热管理技术的研究进展。通过分析研究发现,目前应用的热管理技术不仅在极端条件下冷却能力不足,而且存在结构复杂、体积及质量过大等缺点,既增加了电池的额外能耗,也与汽车轻量化的发展方向相悖。针对于此,本文提出开发超薄型热管的冷却技术,并认为热管和相变材料耦合的热管理技术将有效解决锂离子电池的散热与蓄热问题。