白鹤滩水电站左岸雾化区边坡稳定性分析

为深入研究雾化雨入渗引发的岩体边坡失稳机制,基于白鹤滩水电站高边坡基本地质条件和稳定性控制边界条件,采用饱和-非饱和渗流有限元分析方法,借鉴饱和-非饱和强度理论,研究了边坡在雾化雨条件下的渗流场变化规律。采用严格Janbu法、Sarma法、不平衡推力法对两岸边坡进行二维极限平衡分析,并且综合分析了雾化区边坡岩体及控制性结构面的强度及荷载变化规律,计算得到雾化区边坡在各种工况条件下稳定性变化规律。分析表明,降雨入渗将使边坡坡面浅部的压力水头抬升,坡脚局部饱和区最大水位升高;同时岩体的抗剪强度减小,边坡稳定性明显下降。     

Energy flux characteristics of seismic waves at the interface between soil layers with different saturations

Based on the multiphase poroelasticity theory describing the propagation of waves in the unsaturated fluid-saturated porous medium, the reflection and transmission coefficients of the seismic waves at the interface between soil layers with different saturations are obtained. Our unsaturated model consists of a deformable skeleton in which two compressible and viscous fluids (i.e., water and gas) flow in the interstices. Three compressional waves (i.e., P1, P2, and P3 waves) and one shear (i.e., S wave) wave exist in the unsaturated soils. The expressions for the energy ratios of the various reflected and transmitted waves at the interface during the transmission and reflection processes are presented in explicit forms accordingly. At last, numerical computations are performed and the results obtained are respectively depicted graphically. The variation of the energy ratios with the incident angle, wave frequency and saturation degrees of the upper and lower soil layers is illustrated in detail. The calculation results show that the allocation of incident seismic waves at the interface is influenced not only by the angle and frequency of the incident seismic waves, but also by the saturations of the upper and lower soil layers. It is also verified that, at the interface, the sum of energy ratios of the reflected and transmitted waves is approximately equal to unity as was expected. This study is of importance to several fields such as geotechnical engineering, seismology, and geophysics.     

饱和—非饱和填埋场衬垫系统中水渗流规律的数值模拟

采用饱和—非饱和渗流场数学模型,通过室内试验测得的黏土渗透系数并运用数值模拟手段研究饱和—非饱和填埋场衬垫系统中水渗流规律。数值模拟结果分析表明：在饱和渗流场中水的运移速度明显大于处于非饱和状态下的运移速度,并导致在相同位置衬垫层处产生不同的压力水头,且随着时间的变化,非饱和渗流场下的压力水头远远小于饱和状态下的数值;此外,还验证了工程实际中采用渗透系数为10-7cm/s数量级黏土衬垫系统的合理性。该研究为分析渗滤液水分运移规律时采用非饱和渗流场提供理论数据,并验证所推荐的填埋场衬垫系统土工参数的正确性。     

乙二醇锑在聚酯合成中的应用

综述了聚酯缩聚催化剂的催化原理及催化剂的选择原则,并分别比较了乙二醇锑与Sb2O3和Sb(Ac)3催化剂在DMT法和PTA法中的催化效果.结果表明,按Sb3 计算,乙二醇锑的催化活性高于Sb2O3和Sb(Ac)3.     

Stereoelective polymerization of β-butyrolactone

Racemic β-butyrolactone was polymerized using chiral initiators obtained from the reaction of organometallic derivatives (ZnEt₂, CdMe₂, AlEt₃) with R(−) 3,3 dimethyl-1,2 butanediol. With the zinc initiator, R(+) enantiomer is preferentially incorporated in the polymer chain with a stereoelectivity ratio r_R equal to 1.6. Crude polymer was fractionated into a crystalline, predominantly isotactic, part and an amorphous heterotactic part, both optically active. Sites of different stereospecificities, present in the initiator, are all active for the stereoelective polymerization. With the cadmium initiator, S(−) enantiomer is preferentially polymerized (r_s = 1.01), extending homosteric-antisteric rules previously established for thiiranes. Aluminium initiator leads to an homosteric process (r_R = 1.1). Chiroptical properties (o.r.d. and c.d.) of polymers prepared with zinc initiator show a predominance of R-configurational units, indicating that ring-opening occurs by O-acyl cleavage with retention of configuration.     

芳烃聚酯多元醇的合成及应用研究

介绍了以聚对苯对二甲酸乙二醇酯残渣和二乙二醇为主要原料制备低成本芳烃聚酯多元醇的工艺路线，讨论了温度，ＤＥＧ和ＰＥＴ残渣的摩尔比对芳烃聚酯多元醇性能的性能。试验表明，最佳反应温度为１９０℃－２２０℃，最佳摩尔比为１．２２－１．３４。研究了稳定剂对聚酯多元醇组合料贮存稳定性的影响，组合料贮存期在半年以上。聚酯型聚所酯硬泡的氧指数达２７．５％。     

含纳米组装高分子的抗静电纤维

用化学方法制得含纳米组装高分子的抗静电剂，将其与聚酯切片共混纺丝，制得永久性抗静电聚酯纤维。用DTA，显微镜等研究了抗静电剂及抗静电纤维的结构、性能。当抗静电剂质量分数为0.6%时，纤维的抗静电性、耐洗涤性优良、稳定。初步探讨了纤维的抗静电作用机理。     

废聚酯再资源化制备涂料研究进展

介绍了国内外化学降解废聚酯制备涂料的研究进展。分别从聚酯树脂涂料，醇酸树脂涂料以及聚氨酯涂料讨论了废聚酯回收利用的开发前景，并指出中国应大力加强废聚酯再资源化的研究开发工作。     

提高涤／氨纶弹力深色织物色牢度工艺探讨

对涤/氨弹力深色织物染色工艺进行了实验分析。实验结果表明,选择汽巴WW分散染料,设计合理的还原清洗条件,可提高涤/氨弹力织物耐洗色牢度,能够克服涤/氨弹力布深色色牢度差和成衣拼白效果不良的缺点。     

Coinage Metals in the Nanometer Length Scale

Cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC)-stabilized gold organosol in toluene has been prepared by using a two-phase (water-toluene) extraction of AuCl₄^- followed by its reduction with sodium borohydride in the presence of the surfactant, CPC. The surfactant-stabilized gold nanoparticles were exploited to examine their optical properties when exposed to various solvent systems by measuring the changes in the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) spectrum.