两相厌氧系统处理乙酰螺旋霉素废水

两相厌氧系统处理抗生素废水的生产性应用表明 :当两相厌氧系统进水pH ,VFA ,COD ,BOD5分别为 5 4 6 ,1376mg/L ,85 97mg/L ,4 12 6mg/L ,产酸器 (厌氧折流板反应器 )的停留时间为 12h时 ,pH由5 4 6升高至 6 18,VFA由 1376mg/L升高至 32 81mg/L ,BOD5/COD由 0 4 8升高至 0 5 2 ;产甲烷器 (厌氧复合床反应器 )的停留时间为 39h时 ,COD和BOD5的去除率分别为 90 4 %和 94 5 % .     

Modeling of the upflow anaerobic sludge bed-filter system: a case with hysteresis

A hybrid upflow sludge bed-filter (UBF) anaerobic reactor was successfully used for treatment of synthetic soluble 1% sugar waste. An hysteresis phenomenon was observed and discussed with respect to changes in acidogenic/acetoclastic specific activities ratio. The Haldane equation was adapted for predicting performance inhibition by undissociated acids as a function of substrate-COD and pH. The Monod and adapted Haldane models were solved simultaneously with substrate mass balance for a UBF reactor. The soluble COD removal efficiency and methane productivity were predicted as a function of the dilution rate. Critical values of solid and hydraulic residence times were also estimated and discussed in detail.     

The removal of heavy metals in anaerobic upflow sludge blanket reactors

The continuous removal of heavy metals by the biological solids in an anaerobic reactor has been examined. The metals used were chromium (III), zinc and lead. Both competitive and non-competitive removal was studied. The results were evaluated in terms of adsorption isotherms and were compared with earlier batch studies. This suggested that the sludge acted as a cation-exchange material, with chromium having a much lower binding intensity than lead and zinc. The data also suggest that the nature of the sludge surface is of considerable significance in determining the capacity and intensity of binding. The effect of the metals on biogas formation was also examined. This showed that inhibition of the gas formation was a function of the metal concentration and that the relative toxicities appeared to be zinc > lead > chromium.     

Separation of the propionate degradation to improve the efficiency of thermophilic anaerobic treatment of acidified wastewaters

The degradation of propionate generally is limiting in the thermophilic methane digestion of acidified wastewaters. In this paper the propionate degradation in thermophilic systems is studied. A two-stage process is developed, in which the propionate degradation is spatially separated from other conversions in which hydrogen is involved. Significantly better results were obtained with the two-stage system as compared with a one-stage system with an equal total volume: loading rates of 20–50 kg COD m⁻³ day⁻¹ showed a 10–13% better treatment efficiency in the two-stage system. It is concluded that the removal of the biogas evolved in the first degradation processes is the cause of the superior performance of the two-stage system.     

Anaerobic filters for municipal wastewater treatment

Four laboratory reactors (two downflow rock, one downflow wood, and one horizontal flow rock) were operated at 35–38°C for an initial period of six months and later at 23-27°C, with primary clarifier effluent (PCE) from a municipal wastewater treatment plant as the feed to the reactors. A pilot-scale rock medium reactor located at a municipal wastewater treatment plant was operated at 24–28°C initially in the downflow mode and later at 18-20°C in the upflow mode with PCE as feed. The laboratory study showed that PCE can be successfully treated using both downflow and horizontal flow anaerobic filters, with similar performance under both flow modes. Bench-scale filters obtained better BOD and SS removals compared to the pilot-scale filter.     

生活污水厌氧后处理工艺研究：微氧升流式污泥床反应器

对于厌氧出水后处理工艺进行了研究，采用和比较了沉淀，多级厌氧，生物吸附和微需氧工艺等各种处理方法。研究了提出了微需氧升流反应器，在１３℃条件下，停留时间１．０ｈ，基本上可以达到完全的处理。这种简单和低成本的处理系统，结合适当的物化工艺如絮凝，非常适合做为完整的生活污水厌氧后处理工艺。     

Foam Formation, Anaerobiosis and Microthrix Parvicella

Microscopic examinations of the sludges associated with two incidents of foam formation in anaerobic digesters are described. In both cases, the dominant filamentous species was Microthrix parvicella. Preliminary growth studies with this species indicated that it could grow in both aerobic and anaerobic environments, but that in an anaerobic regime it did not produce polyphosphate granules. This suggests that M. parvicella may be involved in the luxury uptake of phosphate and, under strict anaerobic conditions, could compete with acetoclastic methanogens for acetate.     

垃圾处置场的污水处理工程设计

如东县垃圾和粪便无害化处置场污水处理工程采用UASB／吹脱混凝沉演/SBR工艺，将渗滤液和粪便合并处理。介绍了工艺流程、设计参数及设计特点。     

大体积升流式微生物燃料电池处理模拟废水的研究

自行设计了总体积为10 L升流式微生物燃料电池(UMFC),以铁氰化钾为阴极电子受体,研究不同水力停留时间,回流比和外电阻对UMFC处理模拟废水和产电能力的影响。结果表明,UMFC在无回流、HRT为6 h时的产电效率最佳,得到的最大功率密度为21.4 mW.m-2,COD去除率为22.7%。增加回流后,当体积回流比100%时,最大功率密度提高了12.5%～13.3%,COD去除率提高了37.7%～52.9%。改变外电阻后,发现小电阻有助于提高UMFC对COD的降解能力。